Download - Fungus
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The Fungus Amongus
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Overview of Kingdom Fungi
Eukaryotic, heterotrophic, multicellular Most are microscopic molds or yeastsMolds - tangled masses of filaments of cellsYeasts - unicellular fungi resembling bacteriaThe study of fungi is known as mycology
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Molds and Yeasts
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Obtaining Nutrients
Absorb nutrients from their environmentSecrete enzymes into foodSaprophytic - live on organic compounds absorbed from dead organisms
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Structure
Hyphae - chitin containing filaments distinguish fungi from plants
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ReproductionAsexually Spores - modified cells on hyphaeFragmentation - hyphae dry and scatterBudding - part of yeast cell pinches off and forms new cellSexually - fungi occur not in male and female, but rather in minus or plusMinus and plus fungi can fuse hyphae (conjugation) and produce genetically diverse spores
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Adaptive Advantage!
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Classification
Fungi are classified in 3 phylaZygomycota, Basidiomycota, and Ascomycota
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Phylum ZygomycotaCoenocytic hyphae - lack septa (dividing walls)
Reproduce by forming spores and conjugatingExamples: Mucor (soil mold), Rhizopus (bread/veggie mold)
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Mucor and Rhizopus
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Phylum BasidiomycotaSpetate hyphae - contain dividing walls
Asexual reproduction is rareSexually by producing basidiospores (from fruiting body)Examples: Puccinia (plant rust), Amanita (shrooms)
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Puccinia and Amanita
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Phylum Ascomycota
Septate or unicellular hyphaeForm conidia spores, buds(asexual)Sexually by producing ascosporesExamples: yeasts, morels
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SymbiosisMycorrhizae - form along root systems of plants and absorb sugars while delivering nitrogen to plantsLichens - fungus/plant structure found on rocks, fungus dissolves rock for nutrients QuickTime™ and a
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Fungi and Humans
Fungal diseases: athletes foot, ringworm, yeast infections, jock itchResult from a fungal attack on tissueResult in itching, burning, discharge
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Fungi and Humans
Many fungi are a valuable food source or beneficial in medicine/food production (Penicillin)