Download - Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems
![Page 1: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Gas Turbine Gas Turbine Control & Protection Control & Protection
SystemsSystemsby David Lucier
PAL Engineering
![Page 2: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Control SystemsControl Systems
![Page 3: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What must be What must be ““controlledcontrolled””
on on GEGE gas turbines?gas turbines?
![Page 4: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Turbine Shaft SpeedTurbine Shaft SpeedRate of Change of Speed Rate of Change of Speed
(a.k.a. Shaft Acceleration)
Exhaust TemperatureExhaust TemperatureRate of Change of TemperatureRate of Change of Temperature
Air Flow through CompressorAir Flow through Compressor
![Page 5: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
TNH units: RPM or % speedTNH units: RPM or % speedAcceleration: RPM/second or
% speed/second
TTX units: TTX units: Degrees Fahrenheit (Degrees Fahrenheit (˚̊F )F )Exhaust Temperature Rate: ˚F per second
Airflow: lbsAirflow: lbs--air per hourair per hour(actual flow not measured)
![Page 6: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What devices What devices do the controlling?do the controlling?
![Page 7: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Liquid Fuel Bypass ValveLiquid Fuel Bypass Valve
Gas Stop Speed/Ratio ValveGas Stop Speed/Ratio ValveGas Control ValveGas Control Valve
Variable Inlet Guide VanesVariable Inlet Guide Vanes
![Page 8: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Modern GE Modern GE Control SystemsControl Systems
![Page 9: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Mark IV Control Panel, TMRMark IV Control Panel, TMR(1982 (1982 –– 1989 Era)1989 Era)
<R><R>
<S><S>
<T><T>
![Page 10: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Mark IV Operator PanelMark IV Operator Panel
![Page 11: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Mark IV ScreenMark IV Screen
![Page 12: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Mark V Control Panel, TMRMark V Control Panel, TMR(1989 (1989 –– 2000 Era)2000 Era)
![Page 13: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Human Machine InterfaceHuman Machine InterfaceOriginal <I> versus New <HMI>Original <I> versus New <HMI>
![Page 14: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Human Machine InterfaceHuman Machine Interface(Close(Close--up of HMI Main Screen)up of HMI Main Screen)
![Page 15: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
TypicalTypical HMI HMI ScreensScreens(Mark V)(Mark V)
![Page 16: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Control PrinciplesControl Principles
![Page 17: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Minimum Value Select:Minimum Value Select:
The control subThe control sub--systemsystem““calling forcalling for”” the the leastleast fuel flow fuel flow
will be in command.will be in command.
![Page 18: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
SimplifiedSimplifiedMinimum Value SelectMinimum Value Select
(18) TC(18) TC’’ss
%TNH%TNH
FSR FSR LimitsLimits
%TNH/sec%TNH/sec
TTXMTTXM
![Page 19: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Min & Max Value GatesMin & Max Value Gates
MIN (6 inputs)MIN (6 inputs)
MINMIN
MAXMAX
![Page 20: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Liquid Fuel Bypass Valve, Liquid Fuel Bypass Valve, BPV
Gas Stop Speed/Ratio Valve,Gas Stop Speed/Ratio Valve, SRVGas Control Valve, Gas Control Valve, GCV
Variable Inlet Guide Vanes, Variable Inlet Guide Vanes, IGV
![Page 21: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Triple Modular Redundant (Triple Modular Redundant (TMRTMR) ) (Speedtronic(Speedtronic™™ Mark IV thru VI)Mark IV thru VI)
> BPV> BPV> SRV> SRV> GCV> GCV> IGV> IGV
TMRTMR
<R><R>
<S><S>
<T><T>
![Page 22: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Temperature Profile DiagramTemperature Profile Diagram(Base Load Operation)(Base Load Operation)
3000 ˚F
< Tf = 2020 ˚F
TTX = 1000 ˚F
< 500 ˚F59˚F< 45˚F
< Te
mpe
ratu
re >
solid line graph >solid line graph >
INLETINLET EXHAUSTEXHAUST
![Page 23: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Pressure Profile DiagramPressure Profile Diagram(Base Load Operation)(Base Load Operation)
150 psia > < 149 psia
14.7 psia14.7psia
14.3 psia
< Pressu
re >
dotted line graph >dotted line graph >
INLETINLET EXHAUSTEXHAUST
![Page 24: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Gas Turbine StartGas Turbine Start--up Curvesup Curves
%TNH
Fuel Stroke Ref, FSR
TTX = 900˚F >
26%
19.5%
TTX = 550 ˚FSpee
d
Exh. T
emp
Speed
![Page 25: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Fuel Stroke ReferenceFuel Stroke Reference(FSR constants for Start(FSR constants for Start--up)up)
% F
SR >
>
TIME, Seconds > >
Start-up FSR Algorithms
Constants ListConstants List
![Page 26: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Liquid Fuel Liquid Fuel Control PrinciplesControl Principles
![Page 27: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Fuel Control PrinciplesFuel Control Principles
Fuel Flow is proportional to:Bypass Valve Position
&
Fuel Pump Speed
FFN = ƒ (%FSR) x ( %TNH)
![Page 28: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Liquid Fuel FlowLiquid Fuel Flow
TNH measured 0 to 100 % speed
FFN measured in frequency(measure speed of flow divider)
FSR measured 0 to 100 percentof Bypass Valve (full open to closed)
FFN = ƒ (%FSR) x ( %TNH)
![Page 29: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Liquid Fuel Flow PrinciplesLiquid Fuel Flow Principles
Fuel Pump is driven by Turbine through Accessory Gear Box (% TNH)
By-pass Valve Position is controlled by Speedtronic™ Panel (% FSR)
Flow divider speed is proportional to fuel flow (FFN, gal/min)
![Page 30: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Liquid Fuel Control FundamentalsLiquid Fuel Control FundamentalsFFN = ƒ (%FSR) x ( %TNH)
%FSR > < %TNH
< FFN< FFN 70.7 cps/gpm
-- -- -->> -- -- -->> -- -- -->>-- -- -- >>< < -- -- -- -- -- -- >>
-- ---- >>
![Page 31: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Roper Liquid Fuel Pump Roper Liquid Fuel Pump & Bypass Valve& Bypass Valve
< < << < << < << < <
> > >> > >
> > >> > >
<< Fuel Bypass Valve<< Fuel Bypass Valve
> > >> > >
> > >> > >
![Page 32: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
IMO Liquid Fuel PumpIMO Liquid Fuel Pump
Screw PumpScrew Pump
![Page 33: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Liquid Fuel Bypass ValveLiquid Fuel Bypass Valve
Servovalve 65FP >Servovalve 65FP >BypassBypassValveValve
![Page 34: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Flow Divider Flow Divider Speed Pickup (Speed Pickup (77FN77FN--11))
77FN77FN--1 >1 >
Flow DividerFlow Divider
![Page 35: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Flow Divider Flow Divider Speed Pickups (Speed Pickups (77FN77FN--2, 32, 3))
77FN77FN--2, 3 > >
2, 3 > >
![Page 36: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Flow Divider Characteristic:
60-tooth wheel4600 cps = 65 gallons/min
Therefore, 70.7 cps per 1.0 gpm
Liquid Fuel Flow CalibrationLiquid Fuel Flow Calibration(from GE Control Specifications)(from GE Control Specifications)
![Page 37: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Fuel Flow = .0085 (%FSR) x (%TNH)
1. Assume for “firing” fuel:%FSR = 14%TNH = 16
Firing Fuel = .0085 (14) (19)
Firing Fuel Flow Rate = 1.90 gpm
Liquid Fuel Flow CalibrationLiquid Fuel Flow Calibration(from GE Control Specifications, ISO conditions)(from GE Control Specifications, ISO conditions)
![Page 38: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Fuel Flow = .0085 (%FSR) x (%TNH)
2. Assume for “full speed/no load” fuel:%FSR = 14
%TNH = 100Firing Fuel = .0085 (14) (100)
FSNL Flow Rate = 12.0 gpm
Liquid Fuel Flow CalibrationLiquid Fuel Flow Calibration(GE Control Specs, ISO conditions)(GE Control Specs, ISO conditions)
![Page 39: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Fuel Flow = .0085 (%FSR) (%TNH)
3. Assume for Base Load Operation:%FSR = 66.6%TNH = 100
Firing Fuel = .0085 (66.6) (100)
Base Load Flow Rate = 57.2 gpm
Liquid Fuel Flow CalibrationLiquid Fuel Flow Calibration(GE Control Specs, ISO conditions)(GE Control Specs, ISO conditions)
![Page 40: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Gas Fuel Gas Fuel Control PrinciplesControl Principles
![Page 41: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Gas Stop Speed/Ratio & Control ValveGas Stop Speed/Ratio & Control Valve
![Page 42: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Gas Fuel Control FundamentalsGas Fuel Control Fundamentals
P2P2P1P1 P3P3
![Page 43: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Gas Fuel Pressure GagesGas Fuel Pressure Gages
P1P1 P2P2 P3P3
![Page 44: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Gas Stop Speed/Ratio (Gas Stop Speed/Ratio (SRVSRV))& Gas Control Valve (& Gas Control Valve (GCVGCV))
< SRV< SRV
GCV >GCV >
![Page 45: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
P2 Pressure TransmitterP2 Pressure Transmitter((96FG96FG) )
P2, Pressure Transducer > >P2, Pressure Transducer > >
P1P1
![Page 46: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Gas Stop Speed/Ratio (Gas Stop Speed/Ratio (SRVSRV))& Control Valve (& Control Valve (GCVGCV))
< SRV< SRV
GCV >GCV >
< 90SR< 90SR < 65GC< 65GC
Servovalves
![Page 47: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Speed/Ratio Valve CalibrationSpeed/Ratio Valve Calibration(from GE Control Specifications)(from GE Control Specifications)
P2 = Speed Ratio (% TNH% TNH) – Preset
P2 = .49 ((%TNH%TNH) – .50 P2 in DC volts
P2P2
![Page 48: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Speed/Ratio Valve CalibrationSpeed/Ratio Valve Calibration
P2 = Speed Ratio (% TNH% TNH) – Preset
96FG transducer calibration 96FG transducer calibration 0 to 5.0 DC volts = 0 to 300 psig0 to 5.0 DC volts = 0 to 300 psig
P2 = 2.95 (%TNH) – 30 in psig
![Page 49: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Speed/Ratio Valve CalibrationSpeed/Ratio Valve Calibration(from GE Control Specifications)(from GE Control Specifications)
P2 = 2.95 (%TNH) – 30 in psig
At 100% shaft speedAt 100% shaft speedP2 = 265psig, constant
P2P2
![Page 50: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Inlet Guide Vane Inlet Guide Vane Control PrinciplesControl Principles
![Page 51: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Variable Inlet Guide VanesVariable Inlet Guide Vanes((VIGVVIGV))
Inlet Guide Vane
![Page 52: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
IGV Actuator & Position IndicatorIGV Actuator & Position Indicator
< IG
V A
ctua
tor >
< IG
V A
ctua
tor >
IGV Angle >IGV Angle >
![Page 53: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
IGV Control FundamentalsIGV Control Fundamentals
Servovalve 90TV >
< < < < LVDT,
96TV-1, 2, 2
![Page 54: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
IGV Control IGV Control (Control air flow into compressor)(Control air flow into compressor)
Servovalve 90TV >
RVDTRVDT
20TV >
< <
IGV
Mod
ulat
ing
> >
< <
IGV
Mod
ulat
ing
> >
![Page 55: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Summary of Summary of Control PrinciplesControl Principles
![Page 56: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Summary of Control SystemsSummary of Control Systems(System calling for (System calling for ““leastleast”” fuel controls FSR)fuel controls FSR)
MVGMVG
< 6 Input Signals
< 6 Input Signals
FSRFSR
Min FuelMin Fuel
![Page 57: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Protection SystemsProtection Systems
![Page 58: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Four Primary Protections:
OverspeedOvertemperatureLoss of FlameVibration
![Page 59: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Four Primary Protections (typical settings):
Electronic Overspeed: 110 % TNHMechanical Overspeed: 112% TNH
Overtemperature (~ 1000 ˚F)
Loss of Flame
Vibration (1 inch/second, 5 mils peak-peak)
![Page 60: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Triple Modular Redundant (Triple Modular Redundant (TMRTMR) ) (Speedtronic(Speedtronic™™ Mark IV & V)Mark IV & V)
> BPV> GCV> SRV> IGV
TMRTMR
Logic “0” or “1”
<R><R>
<S><S>
<T><T>
2/3 Voting
![Page 61: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Many Secondary Protections including:
Low Lube Oil PressureHigh Lube Oil Header TemperatureLow Hydraulic PressureGenerator LockoutsCustomer Added ProtectionsOther, as required
![Page 62: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Protection SystemsProtection Systems(High(High--pressure Hydraulics)pressure Hydraulics)
1200 psig25 psig
L 4 “trips” >
![Page 63: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Protection SystemsProtection Systems(20 FG energize to run, de(20 FG energize to run, de--energize to trip)energize to trip)
Solenoid ValveDeenergizes !
< Stop ValveCloses ! !
< L 4 “trips”
1200 psig
![Page 64: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Redundancy by AssociationRedundancy by Association(Control & Protection Systems)(Control & Protection Systems)
If operating on Liquid Fuel:
when stop valve closes, the bypass valves goes to
“full recirculation.”
![Page 65: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Protection SystemsProtection Systems(If a trip occurs, BPV goes (If a trip occurs, BPV goes to 100% fuel recirculation)to 100% fuel recirculation)
< < < <
< < < <
> > > >> > > >
100 %
fuel
recirc
ulation
>
Stop Valve Closes >
> > > >
Flow Divider Stops
[zero flow]
![Page 66: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Redundancy by AssociationRedundancy by Association(Control & Protection Systems)(Control & Protection Systems)
If operating on Gas Fuel:
when stop valve closes, gas control valve also closes
immediately.
![Page 67: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Protection SystemsProtection Systems(If a trip occurs, both valves close)(If a trip occurs, both valves close)
Close >>>
Close >>>
![Page 68: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Redundancy by AssociationRedundancy by Association(Control & Protection Systems)(Control & Protection Systems)
Inlet Guide Vanes:
When a trip occurs, IGV go toward the “closed” position immediately
to prevent compressor surge.
![Page 69: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Protection SystemsProtection Systems(If a trip occurs, IGV Close)(If a trip occurs, IGV Close)
20TVde-energizes >
< < < IGV
Close
RVDT
![Page 70: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
SummarySummary(Control & Protection Systems)(Control & Protection Systems)
• Shaft Speed Control• Shaft Acceleration Control
• Overspeed Protection
• Exhaust Temperature• Rate of change of Temperature
• Overtemperature Protection
• Vibration• Loss of Flame
• All Other Protective Devices
![Page 71: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
The EndThe End
Thank you for Thank you for your attention!your attention!
![Page 72: Gas Turbine Control & Protection Systems](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022021306/62073f6149d709492c2f7701/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Questions ?Questions ?