Download - Gfk1413C - CIMPLICITY HMI Statistical Process Control Operation Manual

GE Fanuc Automation

CIMPLICITY Monitoring and Control Products

CIMPLICITY HMI

Statistical Process ControlOperation Manual

GFK-1413C November 1998

GFL-002

Warning notices are used in this publication to emphasize that hazardous voltages, currents, temperatures, or otherconditions that could cause personal injury exist in the equipment or may be associated with its use.In situations where inattention could cause either personal injury or damage to equipment, a Warning notice is used.

Caution notices are used where equipment might be damaged if care is not taken.

NoteNotes merely call attention to information that is especially significant to understanding and operating the equipment.

This document is based on information available at the time of publication. While efforts have been made to be accurate,the information contained herein does not purport to cover all details or variations in hardware or software, not to providefor every possible contingency in connection with installation, operation, or maintenance. Features may be describedherein which are not present in all hardware and software systems. GE Fanuc Automation assumes no obligation ofnotice to holders of this document with respect to changes subsequently made.

GE Fanuc Automation makes no representation of warranty, expressed, implied, or statutory with respect to, and assumesno responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, sufficiency, or usefulness of the information contained herein. Nowarranties of merchantability or fitness for purpose shall apply.

CIMPLICITY is a registered trademark of GE Fanuc Automation North America, Inc.Windows NT and Windows 95 are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation

This manual was produced using Doc-To-Help, by WexTech Systems, Inc.

Copyright 1997-1998 GE Fanuc Automation North America, Inc.All rights reserved

GFK-1413 iii

Preface

Content of this ManualThis manual is composed of the sections described below.

Chapter 1. Introduction: Describes the SPC features.Chapter 2. SPC Overview: Defines SPC terms, shows you what the charts looklike and describes the SPC functionality.

Chapter 3. Creating the SPC Data Source: Shows you want you need to do tocreate an SPC data source.

Chapter 4. Configuring SPC Data: Discusses the SPC Configuration functionfeatures

Chapter 5. Configuring SPC Charts: Describes the options you can use whencreating SPC ActiveX controls.

Chapter 6. Using SPC Charts: Describes the run-time options for SPC ActiveXcontrols.

Appendix A. Table of Constants for Control ChartsAppendix B. X-Individual Chart CalculationsAppendix C. XBar-R Chart CalculationsAppendix D. XBar-S Chart CalculationsAppendix E. Histogram CalculationsAppendix F. Upgrading Quality Charts to Enhanced SPC Charts

iv CIMPLICITY HMI SPC Operation Manual GFK-1413

Related Publications

For more information about CIMPLICITY HMI software, refer to these publications:

CIMPLICITY HMI for Windows NT and Windows 95 Base System Users Manual(GFK-1180)CIMPLICITY HMI for Windows NT and Windows 95 CimEdit Operation Manual(GFK-1396)

GFK-1413 v

ContentsIntroduction 1-1

About the CIMPLICITY HMI SPC Option ........................................................................... 1-1Upgrading Old SPC Charts .................................................................................................... 1-3Quick Start - Configuring the SPC Option ............................................................................. 1-3

SPC Overview 2-1SPC Analysis.......................................................................................................................... 2-1

Suggested Readings ................................................................................................. 2-1SPC Operation Overview....................................................................................................... 2-2SPC Chart types ..................................................................................................................... 2-3

Quality Data Charts.................................................................................................. 2-3Pareto Charts............................................................................................................ 2-5Reports..................................................................................................................... 2-6

Creating the SPC Data Source 3-1Creating the SPC Data Source................................................................................................ 3-1

Configuring SPC Data 4-1Introduction............................................................................................................................ 4-1Overview of Data Configuration Steps................................................................................... 4-2SPC Document ....................................................................................................................... 4-3

Opening a New Document ....................................................................................... 4-3Defining Document Properties................................................................................. 4-4

Products.................................................................................................................................. 4-6Adding a New Product............................................................................................. 4-6Defining Product Properties..................................................................................... 4-6

Variable Quality Characteristics............................................................................................. 4-8Adding a New Variable Quality Characteristic........................................................ 4-9Specifying a Variables General Characteristics....................................................... 4-9Defining a Variables Collection Characteristics.................................................... 4-12Setting Limits for Variable Quality Characteristics ............................................... 4-16Setting Alarms for Variable Quality Characteristics .............................................. 4-22

Defect Folders ................................................................................................................. ..... 4-33Adding a New Defect Group.................................................................................. 4-33Defining Defect Folder Properties ......................................................................... 4-33

Defect Quality Characteristics.............................................................................................. 4-35Adding a New Defect Category ............................................................................. 4-35Specifying a Defect Categorys General Characteristics ........................................ 4-36Defining Defect Category Collection Properties.................................................... 4-36

SPC Administration Alarms ................................................................................................. 4-39Document Tools ................................................................................................................... 4-40

Document Tree ...................................................................................................... 4-40

vi CIMPLICITY HMI SPC Operation Manual GFK-1413

Changing Display Attributes .................................................................................. 4-42Finding a Product/Quality Characteristic ............................................................... 4-43

Configuring SPC Charts 5-1Getting Started........................................................................................................................ 5-1Creating an SPC Chart in CimEdit ......................................................................................... 5-1Configuring SPC Chart Properties ......................................................................................... 5-2

General Properties.................................................................................................... 5-3Chart Properties ....................................................................................................... 5-4Lines......................................................................................................................... 5-5Axis .......................................................................................................................... 5-6Bar Chart.................................................................................................................. 5-7Report....................................................................................................................... 5-8

Creating an SPC Chart in a Web Page ................................................................................... 5-9Changing the Date/Time Format on Charts ............................................................................ 5-9ActiveX Methods and Properties............................................................................................ 5-9

ActiveX Properties:................................................................................................ 5-10

Using SPC Charts 6-1Run-time Functions ................................................................................................................ 6-1Displaying Test Results .......................................................................................................... 6-2Manual Data Entry ................................................................................................................. 6-3

Variable QC Data..................................................................................................... 6-3Defect QC Data........................................................................................................ 6-4

Appendix A - Tables of Constants for Control Charts A-1XBar and R Chart Factors for Control Limits ....................................................................... A-1XBar and S Chart Factors for Control Limits........................................................................ A-2

Error! Cannot open file referenced on page i

Appendix C - XBar-R Chart Calculations C-1XBar-R Chart Calculations.....................................................................................................C-1

XBar-R Chart Center Line .......................................................................................C-1XBar-R Chart Control Limits...................................................................................C-1R Chart Center Line .................................................................................................C-2R Chart Control Limits.............................................................................................C-2

Appendix D - XBar-S Chart Calculations D-1XBar-S Chart Calculations .................................................................................................... D-1

XBar-S Chart Center Line....................................................................................... D-1XBar-S Chart Control Limits .................................................................................. D-1S Chart Center Line................................................................................................. D-2S Chart Control Limits ............................................................................................ D-2

Appendix D - XBar-S Chart Calculations D-1XBar-S Chart Calculations .................................................................................................... D-1

XBar-S Chart Center Line....................................................................................... D-1XBar-S Chart Control Limits .................................................................................. D-1

GFK-1413 Contents vii

S Chart Center Line................................................................................................. D-2S Chart Control Limits ............................................................................................ D-2

Appendix F Upgrading Quality Charts to Enhanced SPC Charts F-1Upgrading Quality Charts to Enhanced SPC Charts............................................................... F-1

Starting the Upgrade Procedure ............................................................................... F-1Upgrade Procedure Details ...................................................................................... F-2

Glossary of Terms i

Index i

GFK-1413 1-1

Introduction

About the CIMPLICITY HMI SPC OptionCIMPLICITY SPC for Windows 95/NT provides you with the tools you need toimplement and carry out a successful quality control program It does this by greatlyincreasing your effectiveness in the four major phases of your quality controlprogram. CIMPLICITY SPC increases your effectiveness in:

MeasurementTo collect large amounts of accurate data.

AnalysisTo transform this data into meaningful information.

ImprovementTo use your information to change your process andincrease quality.

ControlTo monitor your process continually and react to newinformation as it appears to maintain quality levels.

SPC provides the industry standard set of statistical tools which allow you to analyzethe data and transform it to useful information. Round the clock, CIMPLICITY HMIwith the SPC option can be collecting, analyzing, and through alarms, warning you ofpotential quality problems. This frees you up to concentrate on the improvementphase of your quality program. CIMPLICITY HMI and SPC are also critical duringthe control phase, allowing you to monitor the changes you've made and verifying theresults.

The CIMPLICITY HMI SPC option provides you with the tools you need to performSPC analysis on your process data. These tools include the following types of chartsand printed reports:

XBar R

XBar S

X Individual

Histogram

Pareto

Based on Microsoft's design standards, CIMPLICITY SPC charts are designed asOCX control objects, which means a screen designer can easily add them toCimView screens.

1-2 CIMPLICITY HMI SPC Operation Manual GFK-1413

CIMPLICITY HMI SPC also provides centralized configuration. This allows you toconfigure and maintain all the various quality characteristics and specification limitsfor your process in a centralized location even though your charts may be spreadacross several different screens on you HMI system.

CIMPLICITY HMI SPC also provides you with the ability to identify the variables,their control limits, and defects that you monitor as CIMPLICITY Points.

CIMPLICITY SPC analysis occurs continuously as new data is collected for XBarR, XBar S and X Individual charts, the collected data is processed and checkedagainst the industry standard Western Electric rules.

Major features of the CIMPLICITY SPC option include: Live data viewing from ActiveX containers such as CimView screens

and Internet Explorer.

Easy scalability from a simple workstation to Client-Serverconfigurations.

Generation of CIMPLICITY HMI alarms for out-of-control conditions.This means in addition to displaying out-of-control conditions on SPCcharts, you can display alarms for them in the Alarm Viewer, log themto an Alarm Log Printer, and log them via the Database Logger.

Centralized configuration that alleviates the need to individuallyconfigure for each chart, the quality characteristics to be analyzed.

Xbar-R, X-Individual, Xbar-S, and Histogram charts for variablequality characteristics and Pareto charts for defect analysis.

Tabular reports that let you view numeric data in table format.

High quality printing directly from the SPC ActiveX control.

Both logged and run-time point data collection.

Access to changing values for sample sizes, control limits and autorecalculation during runtime.

Manual data entry through a dialog in the SPC ActiveX control.

Calculated data stored in a database via ODBC that lets you usestandard database tools for such things as exporting data, reporting andmaintenance.

GFK-1413 Introduction 1-3

The SPC option consists of the following three components:

SPC Data Collector. This process runs as a background process andcollects data, performs analysis, alarms out-of-control conditions andwrites calculated data to the database based on your configurationinformation.

SPC Configuration. This user interface lets you configure the qualitycharacteristics you want to analyze.

SPC ActiveX Control. This ActiveX control can be embedded in anActiveX container such as a CimEdit/CimView screen or InternetExplorer. It lets users view the data analyzed by the SPC DataCollector through several charts and reports. Users can also use thiscontrol to perform such functions as manual data entry and printing.Users can display charts on any computer where you have installedCIMPLICITY HMI SPC software and set up an ODBC data source.

Upgrading Old SPC ChartsYou need to upgrade your existing SPC charts if they meet one of these conditions:

The charts were created prior to CIMPLICITY HMI v3.1

The charts were created using CIMPLICITY HMI v3.1, but you did notpurchase and install the Enhanced SPC software (IC646NSP000A)prior to making them.

If you attempt to display a screen containing one of these charts, you will see amessage indicating that the charts on the screen must be upgraded.

For information on upgrading old charts, please see Upgrading Quality Charts toEnhanced SPC Charts in Appendix F.

Quick Start - Configuring the SPC OptionBefore you start, make sure the CIMPLICITY HMI for Windows NT and Windows95 Base System and SPC option are installed on all computers where you want tocollect or view SPC data.

To use SPC, you need to:

1. Configure an ODBC data source.

On Intel computers, this is optional. A default Microsoft Accessdatabase called CIMPLICITY SPC is automatically created when youinstall SPC. SPC uses this data source by default. You only need tochange or reconfigure this if you want to use a data source other thanMicrosoft Access.

On DEC Alpha computers, you must create an ODBC data source.


2. Configure SPC data collection.

A. In your projects Configuration Cabinet, open the ProjectProperties dialog box and select the Database Logger and SPCoptions.

B. Double-click on the SPC Configuration icon and configure an SPCdocument.

C. Start your project.SPC data collection automatically starts when the project starts.

3. Configure one or more SPC charts.

A. Insert the CIMPLICITY SPC Control in an ActiveX container suchas a CimEdit screen or Internet Explorer.

B. Edit the chart properties.

On the General page:

Browse for and select the SPC document you want to use.

Select the product whose data you want to display.

Select the Variable Quality Characteristic or Defect Folder.Select the chart type for the display.

Choose the chart duration.

On the Chart page:

Select the type of chart you want to display.

If you selected Show most recent values on the Generalpage, enter the update interval you want.

Other chart properties are pre-configured for your convenience.You may use these default properties or tailor them to yourapplication.

GFK-1413 2-1

SPC Overview

SPC AnalysisSPC uses statistical methods to determine whether processes are within requiredlimits. While CIMPLICITY HMI softwares normal alarm functions detect whenindividual points actually exceed limits, SPC analysis can provide early warning bydetecting undesirable systematic variations in your process. This can help youpinpoint process, machine, operator, or material problems so that actions can betaken to diagnose and resolve the problem.

CIMPLICITY SPC uses an SPC ActiveX control that supports:

XBar-R, XBar-S, X-Individual and Histogram charts for analyzingvariable data.

Pareto charts for analyzing defect data.

The data is retrieved from ODBC logging, analyzed according to the standard SPCcalculations for the chart, and the results are displayed graphically. This ActiveXcontrol can be used in CimEdit/CimView screens or other applications, such asInternet Explorer, that support ActiveX controls.

The SPC charts display values between -8 sigma (-8 ) and +8 sigma (+8 ). Dataoutside of this range is not displayed, but it is still used in the chart calculations.

Suggested ReadingsThis manual shows you how to use the SPC option available for CIMPLICITY HMIsoftware. If you want more in-depth information about SPC, please consult one ofthe many SPC publications that are currently available.

Some suggested publications are:

Easy as SPC, Perry Johnson, Inc., 1986Statistical Quality Control Handbook, Western Electric Co., Inc., 1959Quality Control and Industrial Statistics, Charbonneau and Webster, 1978Introdution to Statistical Quality Control, Montgomery, 1985Statistical Process Control, Chrysler Corporation, Ford Motor Company andGeneral Motors Corporation, 1995

Some professional groups that publish manuals and booklets about SPC are:

American National Standards InstituteAmerican Society for Quality ControlAmerican Society for Testing and Materials


SPC Operation OverviewThe following picture shows you the interactions between the various CIMPLICITYHMI functions that make up the CIMPLICITY SPC option.

SPC Configuration tells the Data Collector how and from where to collect the data.

The Data Collector gathers CIMPLICITY point, ODBC and manual entry data,performs its required calculations and stores the results in the SPC ODBC datasource.

The SPC ActiveX control displays the data from the SPC ODBC data source. It canalso send manual entry data back to the Data Collector for processing.

GFK-1413 SPC Overview 2-3

SPC Chart typesYou can use the SPC ActiveX control to display charts for quality data or defect data.You can also display data in a report format.

Quality Data ChartsThe SPC ActiveX Control can display the following types of charts for quality data:

X-Individual chart XBar-R chart XBar-S chart Histogram

In general, a control chart consists of a center line corresponding to the average valueat which the quality characteristic should perform, and lines corresponding to theupper and lower control limits for the characteristic. The upper and lower controllimits are also referred to as the upper and lower three-sigma control limits.

X-Individual ChartThe X-Individual chart is sometimes called a pre-control chart. This type of chart isused to determine the stability of the center of the process. The control limits arecalculated by determining the standard deviation of the sample population. Theformulas for calculating the standard deviation and control limits are detailed inAppendix B.

The SPC ActiveX control for an X-Individual chart looks similar to this:


XBar-R ChartThe XBar-R chart displays two charts, one for the Xbar values and the other for theRange values. The formulas for calculating the center lines and control limits for theXBar-R control chart are detailed in Appendix C.

The SPC ActiveX control for an XBar-R chart looks similar to this:

XBar-S ChartThe XBar-S chart displays two charts, one for the XBar values and the other for theSigma values. The formulas for calculating the center lines and control limits for theXBar-S control chart are detailed in Appendix D.

The SPC ActiveX control for an XBar-S chart looks similar to this:

GFK-1413 SPC Overview 2-5

HistogramThe Histogram shows you the distribution, the central tendancy and the scatter orvariability of the sample data, and calculates process capability. The formulas forcalculating process capability from the Histogram chart are detailed in Appendix E.

The SPC ActiveX control for a Histogram looks similar to this:

Pareto ChartsThe SPC ActiveX control displays the following Pareto chart for defect data:

The Pareto chart displays the data for the defect categories and quantities you definefor a defect folder.

An example of such a chart is:


ReportsYou can display and print data from the SPC ActiveX control for each type of SPCchart. The report looks similar to this:

GFK-1413 3-1

Creating the SPC Data Source

Creating the SPC Data SourceOn Intel computers, SPC automatically creates a default Microsoft Access datasource for you called CIMPLICITY SPC. New SPC documents will use this datasource by default. You may wish to create your own data source using anotherdatabase such as SQL Server or Oracle if you want better performance or if you wantto share the same data source across a network.

On DEC Alpha computers, because Microsoft Access is not supported, you mustcreate the data source for SPC. You can use SQL Server or Oracle data sources.All the SPC documents in a CIMPLICITY HMI project must log their data to thesame SPC data source. You can share an SPC data source between projects, or youcan create a data source for each project.See the Managing Database Logging chapter of the CIMPLICITY HMI for WindowsNT and Windows 95 Users Manual (GFK-1180) for detailed instructions on creatingcustom data sources for Microsoft Access, SQL Server and Oracle.The SPC data source must be a System data source.

GFK-1413 4-1

Configuring SPC Data

Introduction

Important: The SPC Data Collector logs its raw and calculated data to an ODBC datasource. Before you start configuring SPC for a project, make sure that the CIMPLICITYDatabase Logger is installed and configured for the project.

You, the applications engineer, can choose from several SPC collection options, includingusing points, to track the quality of variables and frequency of defects. You can alsoimplement several types of control tests, the results of which can be displayed on XBar-R orXBar-S chart sets.

Therefore, your decision making will benefit if you begin configuration by considering factorsthat will be affected by and included in your SPC application or applications. These factorsinclude:

1. Who will use the SPC application.

You can configure an SPC application for users who:

Have SPC on a server and to whom you giveconfiguration ability.

Will have a runtime version, for which they can makeruntime choices.

2. What products SPC needs to track.

3. What variables (for example, Widget_Length) need to bemonitored for quality.It is a good idea to begin with a few of the most criticalvariables, in order to keep data management under control.One way you can be overwhelmed by information is to selecttoo many variables to begin with. Another way is to collectdata too frequently.

4. What defects for each product (for example, colortoo light)need to be tracked.


Overview of Data Configuration StepsSteps to configure the data for an SPC application include adding and configuring:

1. An SPC document. This document will contain all the products, along with theirvariables and defects, that you want to group together.

The document has properties that you specify. For exampleyou will specify the ODBC data source where you want tostore the calculated data from the SPC Data Collector. That iswhere SPC will store information for every product in thedocument.

2. Products that belong in the document.

Each product will have overview information that you specify,such as a name and description.

3. Variables you want to measure for each product.

At this point you provide SPC with all the information it needsfor the variables, including:

a. Description (for example, Widget_Length)b. Collection characteristics

c. Limits

d. Alarms

e. Calculation TypeSPC generates a histogram for any variable you add. Inaddition you will choose between an:

XBar-R chart set to view the range between the highest and lowestpoint in a sample.This range is relatively efficient for small subgroup sample sizes(especially below 9). Although it provides you with a spread, it does notgive you a clear indication of where the points fall relative to yourcontrol limits.

XBar-S chart sets to review the average of the standard deviations.This is a more efficient indicator of process variability, especially withlarger sample sizes. However, it is less sensitive in detecting specialcauses of variation that cause only a single value in a subgroup to beunusual.From "Statistical Process Control, Chrysler Corporation, Ford MotorCompany and General Motors Corporation, 1995

4. Defects that need to be tracked.

GFK-1413 Configuring SPC Data 4-3

At this point you provide SPC with all the information itneeds, including:

Defect Description

Scope (for example, if you want to use the same datasource for multiple defects)

Collection characteristics

There is one type of measurement for defects. SPC generates Pareto charts.

Of course, you can add, remove or change anything, whenever you want.

Note: If you already know the control limits for a process, simply enter them. If you do not,for example because the process is new, use SPC auto recalculation to calculate the limits.When you are comfortable with the calculated limits, enter the calculated limits and turn SPCauto recalculation off.

SPC DocumentSoftware configuration for SPC begins with opening and configuring an SPC document. Youadd one or more products to this document. When the document is active, every product in itwill be tracked, unless you deactivate tracking for one or more of the products at the productlevel. See "Defining Product Properties".

Opening a New DocumentTo open an SPC document:Click on the SPC Configuration icon.

The first time you click the SPC Configuration icon, you will open to a new document. TheSPC document appears with one folder, Products, in the left pane. You place all yourproducts and their accompanying variables and defects in the Products folder.You can build more than one document in a project.

To create additional new documents:1. Click File.2. Click New.

3. Click SPC Configuration Document.Each new document begins with the following window.


Important: If you are defining more than one SPC document in a project, use the same datasource for all.

As you build your configuration, you add a hierarchy of subfolders to Products, asfollows:

1. Under Products, a Product subfolder for each productincluded in the document.

2. Under each Product subfolder, a:

Variable item for each variable that will be tracked forthat product and displayed on an XBar-R or XBar-S chart.

Defect folder for each group of defects that will betracked for a product and displayed on one Pareto chart.

Under each Defect folder, all the defect categories thatwill be displayed as a bar on the groups Pareto chart.

Defining Document PropertiesBecause the document is the primary container for your quality control information, you canset its properties to:

1. Activate or de-activate collecting data for every includedproduct, all at once.

2. Specify basic information parameters including the:

Logged update interval in seconds.

ODBC data source.

3. Limit user access.

Enter information in the Document Properties dialog box.


To open the Document Properties dialog box:1. Select the document.

2. Select File on the menu bar.3. Select Properties.

Active Select to activate data collection for the document.Remember that the Database Logger must be configuredfor the project for the SPC Data Collector to work.

Log Update Interval in SecondsEnter to define the frequency raw data is retrieved fromthe database when using logged data as input.

ODBC Data Source If your data source is different from SPCs default, selectit. SPC creates and uses a default data source calledCIMPLICITY SPC (Intel platforms only). This defaultdata source is an Access (*.mdb) file called SPC.mdb. Itis created into the ARC subdirectory of where youinstalled CIMPLICITY (UsuallyC:\CIMPLICITY\HMI\ARC).

Database User Enter a name for the SPC Data Collector to use whenlogging into the ODBC data source.

Password Enter the password that the SPC Data Collector will usewhen logging in to the ODBC data source.


ProductsAfter you define the basic parameters for your document, you can add the products that will beincluded in the group. To do this, create a folder for each product. The Product folder will bea sub-folder to the Products folder.

Adding a New ProductAdd a new product to SPC by creating a new product folder.

To create a Product folder:Method 1

1. Select File on the menu bar.2. Select New.

3. Select Product.

Method 2

1. Select the Products folder.

2. Click the right mouse button

3. Select New Product from the pop-up menu.The Product Properties dialog box opens when you use either method.

Defining Product PropertiesThe Product Properties dialog box is where you identify each product that you add to thedocument, by giving it a:

Name

Description

Resource ID

You can also activate or de-activate data collection for this product.

Once the product is set up, you add its variables and potential defects that will be tracked.


Product name Enter the name of the Product folder in the field.Description Entering a description is optional.Resource ID Select the Resource ID to be used by alarms generated for

this product.

Active Select to activate data collection for the product. TheDocument must also be active for collection.


Variable Quality CharacteristicsAfter you have created and defined each product, define the variables to be tracked for eachproduct.

SPC uses information that you enter in the Variable Quality Control Characteristics dialogbox to configure in detail a Histogram and either an XBar-R or XBar-S chart set.

Use the Variable Quality Characteristics Properties dialog box to create and define eachvariables:

General characteristicsincluding the name of thecharacteristic; whether or not data is to be collected for thecharacteristic; whether you want to use an XBar-S or XBar-Rchart set; the subgroup size and gap size.

Collection characteristicsdescribing how the data will becollected.

Limitsincluding the control limits and specification limits.

Alarmsincluding the alarm checking and control tests thatcan be performed on the data.

If you enter specific values during configuration and SPC detects an inconsistency, it willdisplay an error message and will not let you save the configuration until you fix it.

ExampleYou select Values to enter a variables control limits and enter 25 for an Upper ControlLimit, 50 for a Lower Control Limit. SPC will display an error message telling you that, "Theupper control limit must be greater than the center line and the center line must be greater thanthe lower control limit".

Note: If you use points for general characteristics on limits, rather than specific values, SPCwill alert the user when the values become specific at runtime. If SPC detects configurationinconsistencies, it will display an $SPC_ADMIN_ALARM in the Alarm Viewer. See "SPCAdministration Alarms".


Adding a New Variable Quality CharacteristicTo add a Variable Quality Characteristic, do one of the following:Method 1

1. Select File on the menu bar.2. Select New.

3. Select Variable Quality Characteristic.Method 2

1. Select the Product in the Products folder

2. Click the right mouse button.

3. Select New Variable Quality Characteristic from the pop-up menu.

The Variable Quality Characteristics Properties dialog box opens at the General tab whenyou use either method.

Note: When you create a new characteristic, SPC calls it VAR, in the document tree. If thereis more than one variable that you have not named, SPC identifies each with a number, in theorder in which they were created. For example the second variable will be VAR(2). Thedocument tree also contains a description that you will enter in the General tab. Therefore, allyou have to do is rename it, at any time.

Specifying a Variables General CharacteristicsBegin configuring a new variable by defining its general characteristics in the General tab ofthe Variable Quality Characteristics Properties dialog box. This is where you enter:

1. A description of the variable.

2. Whether it will have an XBar_R or XBar-S chart set.

3. Sampling parameters including:

Whether the sample parameters will be based on points orspecific values

Subgroup sample size

Gap size


Active Select to activate data collection for the variable. TheDocument and Product must also be active for collection.

Description Describe the variable. This description will be included inthe documents tree.

Calculation Type Choose between XBar-R or XBar-S chart sets.Setpoint ID If you want to use the current XBar and R or S value

elsewhere in your project, or download them to a device,enter the name of a floating-point array point of two (2)elements. The array contains numbers for XBar and rangeor XBar and standard deviation.

Values / Points Select either Values or Points to specify samplingparameters

Subgroup size Enter the subgroup sample size.Gap size Enter the number of units SPC will skip before the next

sample is taken.


Using Points to Specify Sampling ParametersWhen you use points to specify sampling parameters, the fields in the lower half of theGeneral tab in the Variable Quality Characteristics Properties dialog box reflect yourdecision.

When you use points, their values can be changed at runtime.

Subgroup size Select a point, for example Widget_Length Sample Size,to dictate the sample size. When you use this option, thesample size can be changed at runtime.

Gap size Select a point, for example, Widget_Length_Gap_Size, todictate how many units will be skipped before the nextsample is taken.

Using Values to Specify Sampling Parameters When you use values to specify sampling parameters, the fields in the lower half of theGeneral tab in the Variable Quality Characteristics Properties dialog box reflect yourdecision.

Subgroup sizeEnter a specific value for the sample size.

Gap sizeEnter a specific value for how many units will be skipped before the next sample istaken.


Defining a Variables Collection CharacteristicsOnce youve described the variables general characteristics, define SPCs collection methodand the source of the variables data.

Collection methods include:

None

Automatic, either:

Based on a specified point

Logged

In addition, specify whether or not manual entry will be allowed. Manual entry can be allowedfor any type of data collection you choose. SPC automatically includes manual entry when youchoose None.When you use a point to collect information, you can also use:

The same data source for multiple variables (MatchPoint)

A batch process (Batch Point ID)To define these collection characteristics, use the Collection tab in the Variable QualityCharacteristics Properties dialog box.

Point Collection for a VariableWhen you select Point collection in the Collection tab of the Variable QualityCharacteristics Properties dialog box, its fields change to reflect that choice. You can alsospecify the scope of that collection.


Point ID Identify the Point ID (data source) from which the SPCData Collector retrieves data. The Point ID cannot have aText type.

Start element If you use an array, enter the number where in the arraySPC should begin collecting values. If you do not use anarray, leave this field 0.

End element If you use an array, enter the number where in the arraySPC should end collecting values. If you do not use anarray, leave this field 0.

EU conversion Select if the SPC Data Collector should use the EUvalue(s) for the point.Clear if the SPC Data Collector should use the rawvalue(s) for the point.

Match Point ID Enter a Match Point ID (which has to be a numeric point)if you want to use the same data source, which isidentified by the Point ID, for multiple variables.

Match value Enter the value to be matched against the Match Point IDto determine whether the collected data applies to thisspecific variable quality characteristic.

For example, the collected Point ID (data source) may beused to measure a variable (for example, length) forseveral products (Product 1, Product 2, Product 3). Youcan enter a Match Point ID value of 1 to measure lengthfor Product 1, and 2 to measure length for Product 2.

Batch Point ID If the process is a batch process, enter a text point in thisfield that will let you distinguish between different batchesfor the same Product Quality Characteristic. The value ofthe Batch Point is associated with the calculated data andcan be used as search criteria for charts and reports.

Manual entry allowed Select if you want users to be able to enter data manuallyfrom the SPC chart at run-time.


Logged Collection for a VariableIf you select Logged, SPC retrieves data from an ODBC database table that has already beenfilled by CIMPLICITY HMI.

Note: SPC logs all of its data. Therefore, the Logged option is not necessary for savingdata. It refers to using an additional data source for input. The Point collection method ismore efficient.

When you select Logged collection in the Collection tab of the Variable QualityCharacteristics Properties dialog box, its fields change to reflect that choice.

ODBC data source Enter the name of the database from which SPC willretrieve information.

Database user Enter a name for the database user to use when logginginto the ODBC data source.

Password Enter the password that the database user will use whenlogging in to the ODBC data source.

Table ID Enter the table where the data is located.Column ID Enter the name of the column where the data is located.Manual entry allowed Select if you want users to be able to enter data manually

from the SPC chart at run-time.

Point options in the lower half are unavailable.


No Collection for a VariableWhen you select None the only option available is Manual entry allowed.When you select None, in the Collection tab of the Variable Quality CharacteristicsProperties dialog box, the fields change to reflect that choice.

Manual entry allowed Is automatically selected.


Setting Limits for Variable Quality CharacteristicsOnce you have defined the variables general characteristics and collection methods, you areready to set the limits for your XBar-R or XBar-S chart sets in the Limits tab of the VariableQuality Characteristics Properties dialog box. Limits include:

Control

Specification

If you enter specific values during configuration and SPC detects an inconsistency, it willdisplay an error message and will not let you save the configuration until you fix it. Forexample, you select Values to enter a variables control limits and enter 25 for an UpperControl Limit, 50 for a Lower Control Limit. SPC will display an error message telling youthat, "The upper control limit must be greater than the center line and the center line must begreater than the lower control limit".

If you use Points for general characteristics on limits, rather than specific values, SPC willalert the user when the values become specific at runtime. If SPC detects configurationinconsistencies, it will display an $SPC_ADMIN_ALARM in the Alarm Viewer. See "SPCAdministration Alarms".


Control Limits for a VariableThere are two ways to specify values for control limits:

Auto recalculation

Entering values

When you enter values, you can enter them as:

(Specific) values Points

Auto Recalculation for Control LimitsOne of the many advantages SPC offers is its ability to automatically calculate the controllimits for a process, if you do not already know them. If one of the auto recalculation optionsis active when you specify points, the control limits that SPC tracks will change as the pointvalues change.

SPC offers two options to automatically recalculate control limits:

Auto recalculation, is selected instead of Values orPoints. Once the control limits are automatically calculated,select either Values or Points for the life of the process.

Force Auto Recalc can be used in addition Values orPoints. This option provides the flexibility to reset controllimits during runtime. As a result, when you send anapplication to production, a user can have SPC recalculate thecontrol limits for the specific process so they are accurate forthat process. Once the control limits are automaticallycalculated, the user should turn off Force Auto Relcalc.See "Definitions for Auto Recalculation Options".

Important: The Quality Control rules you have always followed for Control Limits stillapply to both SPC automatic recalculation options. Calculate the limits for a specific processonce, when the process is new or, when the process is in optimum condition.

Once you determine that SPC has automatically collected enough data to calculate the correctcontrol limits, turn the automatic calculation option off. Use the calculated control limits forthe rest of the life of the process.

Remember that the control limits produced by auto recalculation are valid only when yourprocess is in control. If you calculate them while your process is going out of control then thelimits will be incorrect.

Selecting Auto recalculation on the Limits tab of the Variable Quality CharacteristicsProperties dialog box enables SPC to automatically calculate specific control limit values orpoint values.


Force Auto Recalc(Optional) Enter the name of a Boolean point that has been created to override pointor value control limits at runtime. You can then give the runtime user the ability toturn Auto recalculation on and off.If this point is on (set to TRUE) then the data collector process acts as if the Autorecalculation option is selected.

If specific values or Point IDs have been set during configuration, SPC uses thefollowing priorities to override the settings:

ValuesSetting the Force Auto Recalc point to TRUE will cause SPC torecalculate the XBar and R/S control limits. SPC will ignore the pre-set values.Setting the Force Auto Recalc point back to FALSE will end recalculation.However, the last recalculated values will continue to be used. SPC will continue toignore the values in the Limits dialog box until the data collector is restarted ordynamically refreshed.

PointsSetting the Force Auto Recalc point to TRUE will cause SPC torecalculate the XBar and R/S control limits. In addition, the data collector will set thecontrol limit points specified in this dialog box with the calculated values. If theForce Auto Recalc point is set back to FALSE, SPC will continue to use the lastcalculated values until the control points are updated.

Auto recalculationSetting the Force Auto Recalc point to TRUE will restartauto recalculation, ignoring all previous values. Setting it to FALSE will stop autorecalculation. The collector will continue to use the last calculated values.


All casesWhenever the Force Auto Recalc point is set to either FALSE orTRUE, and regardless of its previous value, the data collector will drop the currentsample and start fresh.

Setting the point back to FALSE will stop recalculation of control limits, but SPCwill continue to use the last calculated values. However, if you are using points forcontrol limits, any future point changes will still be honored.

Setpoint IDIf you want to use the current control limit values elsewhere in your project ordownload them to a device, enter the name of a floating point array point. This pointshould contain six (6) elements for all values to be set.

The order of values in the Setpoint ID array point is:

XBar LCL, XBar CL, XBar UCL, R/S LCL, R/S CL, R/S UCL


Control Limits for (Specific) ValuesWhen you are ready to enter your control limits, if they are specific Values, the Limitswindow provides you with fields to enter each limit for the XBar and R or S charts.

XBar UCL, CL, LCL Enter the values for the XBar charts Upper Control Limit,Center Line and Lower Control Limit.

R/S UCL, CL, LCL Enter the values for the R or S charts range or standarddeviation Upper Control Limit, Center Line and LowerControl Limit.


Points Control LimitsWhen you select Points, the Limits tab fields reflect your decision.

XBar UCL, CL, LCL Enter a different point for the Upper Control Limit, CenterLine and Lower Control Limit for that variable. Thevalues of these control limit points will be used on theXBar chart.

R/S UCL, CL, LCL Enter a different point in each field to represent the rangeor standard deviations Upper Control Limit, Center Lineand Lower Control Limit for that variable. The values ofthese control limit points will be used on the R or S chart .

Specification limits SPC uses the Specification Limits that you set accordingto your own criteria, for Histogram analysis. Set thesepoints (in the lower half of the Limits tab). This option isavailable regardless of what control limits collectionmethod you choose.


Lower Enter the lower specification limit (LSL).Upper Enter the upper specification limit (USL)

Setting Alarms for Variable Quality CharacteristicsSPC can track several different types of occurrences to warn you if a process is somewhat off,even if production has not exceeded its control limits on a regular basis. As a result, you cananticipate and deal with potential problems before they occur.

Use the Alarm tab in the Variable Quality Characteristics Properties box to specify the: Type of alarm that will be triggered.

Setpoint ID

Control test criteria that will initiate alarms or changeSetpoints.


Alarms and SetpointsWhen one of the control tests meets your criteria for issuing a warning It will give the type ofwarning you configure, including:

An alarm that will be generated to alert users that criteria havebeen met for one of the control tests.

If alarms are generated for more than one control test, they willstack up and be deleted according to specifications you enterin the CIMPLICITY HMI Alarm Configuration.

A Setpoint that will change to the number (1-8) of the XBartest that is in an alarm state. Setpoints provide you with a wayto automate corrective action. You can write scripts thattrigger the appropriate action whenever the criteria have beenmet for one of the control tests.

The value of the Setpoint reflects that last test for which analarm was triggered.

To specify an alarm and Setpoint, enter the information in the top half of the Alarm tab.

Alarm ID You can select the $SPC_ALARM system SPC Alarm ID,or you can create your own Alarm ID in the Alarm IDfield. If you create your own Alarm ID, be sure to use theSPC_ALARM type.

The alarm message for SPC alarms consists of thefollowing strings:

Document Name

Product Name

Quality/Defect Characteristic Name A description of the control check that triggered the

alarm

The value of the sample that triggered the alarm.

Setpoint ID Enter the CIMPLICITY HMI Point ID you want to use inthis field to generate a Setpoint when an SPC alarmoccurs.

Alarm Enabled Select to activate alarm checking for the variable.


Criteria for Control TestsOverviewSPC plots the averages of the samples you define on XBar charts in the XBar-R and XBar-Schart sets.

It is the XBar charts that display in what zone these averages fall.

At run-time, each subgroup that meets one or more of the selected tests will be displayed witha special character (the default is a red asterisk).The zones used in these tests are:

Zone C is the area up to one standard deviation from the centerline.

Zone B is the area between one and two standard deviationsfrom the center line.

Zone A is the area between two and three standard deviationsfrom the center line.

Note: When you create a control chart, you can select samples for exclusion.

Pictorially, they look like this:

UCLStd. devZone

LCL

Center Line

Check each field in the lower half of the Alarms tab that represents a test you want to perform.Tests are:


Control Test 1 One subgroup beyond upper or lower limitsThis test checks to see if any subgroups on the chart have a value greater than the uppercontrol limit or less than the lower control limit. Subgroups that meet the test criteria will bemarked with a red asterisk.

For example:

Control Test 2 N subgroups in a row on same side of center lineThis test checks to see if N subgroups in a row are on the same side of the center line. TheNth subgroup and all following subgroups that meet the test criteria will be marked with a redasterisk.

For example, if N=8:


Control Test 3 N consecutive subgroups in a row all increasing ordecreasingThis test checks to see if N subgroups in a row are increasing in value or decreasing in value.The Nth subgroup and all following subgroups that meet the test criteria will be marked with ared asterisk.


Control Test 4 N subgroups in a row, alternating up and downThis test checks to see if N subgroups in a row are alternately increasing in value thendecreasing in value. The Nth subgroup and all following subgroups that meet the test criteriawill be marked with a red asterisk.



Control Test 5 M out of N subgroups in a row in Zone A or beyond(same side of center)This test checks to see if M out of N subgroups in a row on the same side of the center line arein Zone A or beyond. The Mth subgroup that meets the test will be marked with a redasterisk.

For example, if M=2 and N=3:

Control Test 6 M out of N subgroups in a row in Zone B or beyond(same side of center)This test checks to see if M out of N subgroups in a row on the same side of the center line arein Zone B or beyond. The Mth subgroup that meets the test criteria will be marked with a redasterisk.

For example, if M=4 and N=5:


Control Test 7 N subgroups in a row in Zone C, above or belowcenterThis test checks to see if N subgroups in a row lie in Zone C on either side of the center line.The Nth subgroup and all the following subgroups that meet the test criteria will be markedwith a red asterisk.


Control Test 8 N subgroups in a row beyond Zone C, above orbelow centerThis test checks to see if N subgroups in a row lie beyond Zone C on either side of the centerline. The Nth subgroup and all following subgroups that meet the test criteria will be markedwith a red asterisk.



SPC Control Test Exclusion ModeA process must be in control when you determine the control limits for your process.However, when you calculate the control limits there may be some variation due to specialcauses, such as samples being taken when your machines are warming up. When there is thiskind of variation, SPC exclusion mode allows you to manually select samples for exclusionfrom control limit calculation.

Important: When calculating control limits, variation must be due to common causes only.Variation cannot be attributable to special causes or control limits are not valid.

The SPC exclusion process evolves as follows:

1. During runtime, when an XBar-R or Xbar-S chart isdisplaying, the operator selects Exclusion Mode. An Xappears at the top left of CimView, indicating that ExclusionMode is on.

2. The operator easily selects the samples to exclude.

3. SPC automatically performs a recalculation based on theexclusions and updates the control limits displayed on thechart.

Turning Exclusion Mode On and OffSPC comes with two ways to toggle Exclusion Mode On/Off. Both ways are throughCimView when an SPC XBar-R or XBar-S chart is displaying.

To Toggle SPC Exclusion Mode On/Off:

Method 1: Right mouse button

1. Right click your mouse button on an XBar-R or XBar-S chartthat is displaying an SPC CimView screen.

2. A popup menu appears.

3. Select Exclusion Mode.

Exclusion Mode

The menu item is checked when Exclusion Mode is on.


Method 2: Chart property page of the SPC Control Properties property sheet.1. Double click the SPC chart to bring up the property sheet.

2. Select the Chart tab.

3. Check the Exclusion Mode check box.

Exclusion Mode

Application Engineering Note: By using the ExclusionMode property anapplications engineer can create different ways to let an operator toggle exclusionmode on and off.

Excluding/Returning Samples in Control Chart CalculationDuring runtime, when SPC is in Exclusion Mode, an operator can exclude one or moresamples from calculation. An operator can also re-include samples.

As soon as you toggle the exclusion state of a sample, SPC immediately recalculates thecontrol limits displayed on the chart.

The following symbols allow you to view exclusion status.

X In the upper left-hand corner of the XBar-R or XBar-S controlchart Exclusion mode is on.

l Representing a sampleSample is included in the calculation.

X Representing a sampleSample is excluded from calculation.


To exclude samples from a control chart when SPC is in Exclusion Mode:Method 1

Click on a dot that represents the sample to toggle its exclusion state.

When excluded the dot will change to an X.Method 2

1. Hold down your left mouse button at on corner of the group ofsamples you want excluded. Drag the cursor over the samplesto be excluded. A box appears around the selected samples.

2. Let go of the mouse button.

3. Each dot that represented an included sample changes to an X,representing an excluded sample. Similarly, excluded samplestoggle back to the included state.


Example of Excluding Bad Data From SPC Charts

Four samples (1a) are beyondZone A. The reason is explainable

An X indicates that SPC is inExclusion Mode (1b).

2a

To exlude the samples:

Four Xs (3) represent thesamples that are excluded fromcalculation.

1a

2b

3

Click each dot.Each dot changes to an X

or

Hold down the left mousebutton.Draw a box around thesamples. 2b

1b

1b

X

+

XX

2a

3

X

1a

Application Engineering Note: The GetControlLimits() ActiveX methodprovides access to the control limits displayed on the chart.


Defect FoldersIn addition to entering product variables information, enter information that SPC needs totrack a products defects. SPC displays each group of defects on a Pareto chart. To configuredefects:

Create a Defect folder that will end up as a Pareto chart.

Add the defect categories, each of which will be displayed asone bar on the chart.

Adding a New Defect GroupWithin a product, you can create one or more Defect folders for SPC Pareto chart analysis.To create a Defect folder for a product, select the product and do one of the following:

Select New->Defect Folder from the File menu.

Click the right mouse button and select New Defect Folderfrom the pop-up menu.

The Defect Folder Properties dialog box opens.

Defining Defect Folder PropertiesThe Defect Folder Properties dialog box is where you identify each group of DefectCategories that will be included on one Pareto chart. Information you enter here applies toevery defect category in the group.

Name Enter the name of the Defect folder. The Name field islimited to 10 characters.

Description Entering a description is optional.


Active Select to activate data collection for the defect. TheDocument and Product must also be active for collection.

Manual entry allowed Select if you want users to be able to enter data manuallyfrom the SPC chart at run-time.

Match Point ID Enter a Match Point ID (which has to be a numeric point)if you want to use the same data source, which isidentified by the Point ID, for multiple defects.

Match value Enter the value to be matched against the Match Point IDto determine whether the collected data applies to thisspecific defect quality characteristic.

For example, the data source may be used to measure adefect (for example, color) for several products (Product1, Product 2, Product 3). You can enter a Match Point IDvalue of 1 to measure color for Product 1, and 2 tomeasure color for Product 2.

Batch Point ID If the process is a batch process, you can enter a text pointin this field that lets you distinguish between differentbatches for the same Product Quality Characteristic. Thevalue of the Batch Point is associated with the calculateddata and can be used as search criteria for charts andreports.

Collection Method Select the method to be used to collect the defect data.The Collection tab will then reflect what you select here.

Point to retrieve data from CIMPLICITY point values.Logged to retrieve data from one or more ODBCdatabase tables.

None if no data is to be collected by the SPC DataCollector. In this case, the Manual entry allowedcheck box is automatically selected.

All Defect Categories in this Defect folder will use thecollection method you select for the folder.


Defect Quality CharacteristicsOnce you have created a Defect folder, add the defect quality characteristics that will appeartogether, by creating a defect category for each. Each Defect Category is represented by a baron the Pareto Chart.

Place each Defect Category that will appear on a Pareto Chart in that charts Defect Folder.

Adding a New Defect CategoryTo place a new Defect Category in a Defect folder, do one of the following:

Select the Defect folder, then select New->Defect Categoryfrom the File menu.

Select the Defect folder in the Products folder, then click theright mouse button and select New Defect Category fromthe pop-up menu.

The Defect Category Properties dialog box opens at the General tab.When you create a Defect Category, you need to configure the following properties:

General characteristics. These include the name of thecharacteristic, and an optional description

Collection characteristics which describe how the data will becollected. The type of data collection used is determined bythe collection method you select for the Defect folder.


Specifying a Defect Categorys General CharacteristicsBegin configuring a new defect category by defining its general characteristics in the Generaltab of the Defect Properties dialog box. This is where you:

Assign it a code.

Describe it.

During your configuration and at runtime, if SPC detects configuration inconsistencies, it willdisplay an $SPC_ADMIN_ALARM in the Alarm Viewer. See "SPC Administration Alarms"in this chapter.

Description Enter a description of the defect.

Defining Defect Category Collection PropertiesAll Defect Categories in a Defect folder use the same collection method. Therefore, specifythe collection method in the Defect Folder Properties dialog box. The Collection tabdisplayed for a Defect Category depends on what you selected for the Defect Folder.


Point Collection for a Defect CategoryIf you specified point collection in the Defect Folder, the Point ID input fields appear in theCollection tab.

Point ID Identify the point from which the SPC Data Collectorretrieves data. The Point ID cannot have a Text type.

Start element If you use an array, enter the number where SPC shouldbegin collecting values in the array. If you do not use anarray, leave this field 0.

End element If you use an array, enter the number SPC should endcollecting values where in the array. If you do not use anarray, leave this field 0.

EU conversion Select if the SPC Data Collector should use the EUvalue(s) for the point.Clear if the SPC Data Collector should use the rawvalue(s) for the point.


Logged Collection for a Defect CategoryIf you specified Logged collection in the Defect Folder, the logged input fields appear in theCollection tab.

ODBC Data Source Enter the name of the database from which SPC willretrieve information.

Database User Enter a name for the database user to use when logginginto the ODBC data source.

Password Enter the password that the database user will use whenlogging in to the ODBC data source.

Table ID Enter the table where the data is located.Column ID Enter the name of the column where the data is located.

No Collection for a Defect CategoryIf you specified no collection in the Defect Folder, the Collection tab in the Defect Propertiesdialog box for the defect category is blank.

Data can only be entered through Manual Data Entry at run-time.


SPC Administration AlarmsWhen you, the applications engineer, configure the SPC application and when it is used atruntime, inconsistencies can occur because:

Points are unavailable.

Limits are out of sequence.

Sampling parameters are invalid.

Therefore, SPC comes with a built in $SPC_ADMIN_ALARM to alert you and operators tothose conditions. This alarm deals with configuration inconsistencies. It is different from SPCalarms that deal with process problems.

Each instance of this alarm, which will display in your Alarm Viewer, provides you with:\\Group Name\Product Name\QC Name\Alarm number

Alarm Numbers are:1 Required points(s) are unavailable.2 XBar control limits are out of sequence.

3 R/S control limits are out of sequence.

4 Sample size is invalid.

5 Gap size is invalid.


Document ToolsThe SPC document provides you with three major tools to facilitate finding specificinformation. They include the:

Document Tree

Configure Display Attributes

Find Function

Document TreeSPC organizes data in a hierarchy that logically emulates the steps you take to configure theapplication.

1. The Products folder is the primary folder.2. Product folders appear in the Products folder.3. Variable folders appear in their products folder.4. Defect folders also appear in their products folder.

The Main TreeWhen you look at a configured SPC document in the Tree frame, the hierarchy looks like this:

where:

is the SPC document that holds a number of products.

is a Product folder that holds the variable and defect quality data for aproduct.

is a Defect folder for the product that holds a number of defect categories.


Product Folder in the Document TreeEach SPC Product folder contains a collection of Variable Quality Characteristics and Defectfolders that can be used to determine the quality of the product. When you click on a Productfolder in the Tree frame, the contents of the Details frame look like this:

where:

is a Variable Quality Characteristic for the product. Double-click on thisicon to display its properties. Right-click on this icon to access its pop-up menu.

You can assign a collection point for each Variable Quality Characteristic you create.In the SPC ActiveX control, when you create X-Individual, XBar-S and XBar-Rcharts, or a Histogram, you display the information for a single Variable QualityCharacteristic.

is a Defect folder for the product that holds a number of defect categories.Double-click on this folder to display its Defect codes in the Details frame.

In the SPC ActiveX control, when you create a Pareto chart, you select a Defectfolder and display the information for its defect categories.

Defect Folder in the Document TreeEach Defect folder contains a collection of Defect Categories. When you click on a Defectfolder in the Tree frame, the contents of the Details frame change to look like this:

where:

is a Defect Category. Double-click on this icon to display its properties.Right-click on this icon to access its pop-up menu.

You can assign a collection point for each Defect Category you create.


Changing Display AttributesTo change the number of display attributes and their order in the details pane for quality anddefect attributes, you can do one of the following:

Select Attributes... from the View menu.

Press Ctrl+AThe Configure Display Attributes dialog box opens.

There are two list boxes in this dialog box:

The Available attributes box lists the display attributes thatare not currently being displayed.

The Display attributes box lists the display attributes thatare currently being displayed and the order in which they aredisplayed.

You can:

Add attributes from the Available attributes list to theDisplay attributes list.

Remove attributes from the Display attributes list to theAvailable attributes list.

Reorder the Display attributes list.You cannot remove the Name attribute from the display. In addition, this attribute is alwaysdisplayed first in the grid.

When you are through modifying the display attributes, click OK to close the dialog box andupdate the display in the details pane of the SPC Configuration window, or click Cancel toclose the dialog box without making any changes.


Finding a Product/Quality CharacteristicAn SPC document can contain many products and many quality and defect characteristics.You can use the Find function to quickly find a specific characteristic or subset ofcharacteristics.

To initiate a search, do one of the following:

Select Find from the Tools menu.

Press Ctrl+FThe Find a Product/Quality Characteristic dialog box opens.

You can filter the list of quality and defect characteristics by:

Product name

Quality/Defect characteristic name Quality/Defect characteristic type

You can also use the following wildcards:

Use this wildcard to search for any number of characters at this point in thestring. For example, if you want to display the list of products whose namestarts with "M" and ends with "X", enter M*X in the Product name field.Use this wildcard to search for any character in this place in the string. Forexample, if you want to display the list of products that are three characterslong and whose first character is "M" and third character is "X", enter M?Xin the Product name field.

NoteThere are no implied wildcards. If you do not include or terminate your search string with anasterisk, only those items that match your request exactly will be returned.

After entering your filtering information, click Browse to display the list of Quality/Defectcharacteristics that match your criteria.

Once you have a list displayed, you can double-click on an item in the list to change focus tothat item in the SPC Configuration window.

GFK-1413 5-1

Configuring SPC Charts

Getting StartedAfter you create your ODBC data source and configure your SPC data collection,you can configure SPC ActiveX controls in CimEdit/CimView screens or otherActiveX containers, such as Internet Explorer, to display your SPC data.

Creating an SPC Chart in CimEditTo create an SPC chart in a CimEdit screen, do one of the following:

On the OLE toolbar, click the SPC button. A new SPC chart is placed in the upper left corner of your CimEdit screen. On the Tools toolbar, click the OLE button.

Your mouse pointer changes into a bracket.

Now do the following:

1. Select the position of the upper left corner of the SPC chart, andclick the left mouse button to fix it. The Insert Object dialog boxopens.


2. Select CIMPLICITY SPC Control from the ActiveX list.3. Select OK. A new SPC Control is placed at the position you select

in your CimEdit screen.The SPC control initially is empty except for the following message:

Double click this chart to edit its properties. First select a group fileon the general property page. Next select a product, and a QC onthe general property page, and select a chart type on the chartproperty page.

Once the SPC chart is in the CimEdit screen, you may do one of the following: Resize the chart or move it using the borders.

Configure the charts properties.

Configuring SPC Chart PropertiesTo open the CIMPLICITY SPC Control Properties dialog box, do one of thefollowing:

Double-click on the chart.

Select CIMPLICITY SPC Control Object->Properties from theEdit menu.

Select the chart, then select CIMPLICITY SPC Control object->Properties from the pop-up menu.

The information about an SPC chart includes:

General Defines the fundamental characteristics of the SPC chart.Chart Defines the type of chart to display and its appearance.Lines Defines the line display for the chart.Axis Defines the axis titles and labels for the chart.Bar Chart Defines the appearance of a Histogram or Pareto chart.Report Defines the fields that will appear in a report for the chart.

Any fields that do not apply to the SPC chart you are defining will be grayed out.

At a minimum, you need to enter an SPC document, product, and QC on the Generalpage and select a chart type on the Chart page. Other chart properties are pre-configured for your convenience. You may use these default properties or tailorthem to your application.

GFK-1413 Configuring SPC Charts 5-3

General PropertiesThe General properties define the general appearance of the SPC chart.

Enter the following information:

GroupYou must enter data in this field. Select the SPC document whose data you want to

display. You can use the browse button - - to the right of the input field to findthe document you want.

ProductYou must enter data in this field. Select the product in the SPC document that youwant to work with. You can click the drop-down list button to the right of the inputfield to display the list of products in the document and select one.

QCYou must enter data in this field. Select the Quality Characteristic (QC) that youwant to examine for the product. You can click the drop-down list button to the rightof the input field to display the list of Quality Characteristics defined for the product.The QC you select determines the types of charts you can display in the ActiveXcontrol.

If you select a Defect folder, you can display a Pareto chart.

If you select a Variable QC with XBar/R calculation type, you candisplay XBar-R, X-Individuals and Histogram charts.

If you select a Variable QC with XBar/S calculation type, you candisplay XBar-S, X-Individuals and Histogram charts.


Batch IDIf you are using the Batch Processing features of SPC, enter the text that identifiesthe batch you want to examine. The chart will display only those points where thecontents of the Batch Point ID matches this identifier.

DurationSelect the time span of the data you want to display.

If you select Show most recent values, the most recent values for the chart aredisplayed.

If you select Time span, you can select the starting time and data and ending timeand date of the data to be displayed on the chart.

Chart Properties The Chart properties define the type of chart to be displayed, the title, chart color,sample size and update interval.

You can enter the following information.

TypeSelect the type of chart you want to display. Click the drop-down list button to theright of the input fields to display the list of charts for the QC and select one.For Defect Quality Characteristics, you can select:

Pareto chartReport


For Variable Quality Characteristics, you can select:XBar-R chart or XBar-S chart (depending on the calculation type for the QC)X-Individuals chartHistogramReport

Max to displayEnter the maximum number of elements to display on the chart.

For XBar-R/S charts, this is the number of subgroups.

For X-Individuals charts, histograms and Pareto charts, this is thenumber of samples.

Update intervalIf you are displaying current data, enter the interval at which you want the chart datato update in this field.

If you are displaying logged data, this field is disabled.

Exclusion ModeSee Chapter 4 of this manual to apply Exclusion Mode as necessary.

LinesThe Lines properties let you enable or disable the display of the control lines on thechart.

Use the check boxes to select the control limit lines you want to display on XBar-R/S, X-Individuals or Histogram charts.


AxisThe Axis properties let you configure the X and Y axis titles and labels.

Use the check boxes to display or hide the titles and labels for the X and Y axes.

You can select Title Font... to change the font for the X and Y axis titles.You can select Label Font... to change the font for the X and Y axis labels.In all cases, make sure you select a TrueType font for titles and labels. If you select afont that is not TrueType, the text will not display correctly.


Bar ChartThe Bar Chart properties let you select the display parameters for Histograms andPareto charts.

The information you enter depends on whether you are displaying a Histogram orPareto chart.

HistogramsFor a Histogram, you can select:

Show spec limits Set this check box if you want to display the Upper andLower Specification Limits configured for the data.

Clear this check box if you do not want to display theUSL and LSL.

Show normal curve Set this check box if you superimpose a normaldistribution curve over the histogram data. This willhelp you see how closely you data matches a normaldistribution.

Clear this check box if you do not want to see the normaldistribution curve.

Max samples Enter the maximum number of samples you want todisplay in the Histogram.


Pareto ChartsFor a Pareto chart, you can select:

Show fixed numberof bars

Set this check box and enter the number of bars you wantto display on the Pareto chart in the input field. If youhave more defect codes than bars, only the bars for themost frequently occurring defects are displayed.

Clear this check box if you want to display a bar for eachdefect code defined for this product.

Show bar ofremaining defects

If you select Show fixed number of bars, you canset this check box to display the total number of otherdefects in a bar marked Other.If you clear this check box, the total number of otherdefects is not displayed on the chart.

ReportThe Report properties let you select the fields to be displayed when users viewreports in CimView screens.

Use the check boxes to select the fields you want to display in the report.

You can use Select All to set all the check boxes, or Unselect All to clear all thecheck boxes.


Creating an SPC Chart in a Web PageThe following is a sample HTML fragment that will display an SPC ActiveX controlin a web page. Microsofts ActiveX Control Pad can automatically generate code forinserting the CIMPLICITY SPC control and we recommend it. It is freely availablefrom Microsofts web site -- www.microsoft.com.

New Page

Use of Netscape Navigator is not supported at this time.

Changing the Date/Time Format on ChartsSPC uses the short date style.

To change the date/time format of that style on a chart, use the Regional Settingsoption on your Windows 95 or Windows NT Control Panel.

ActiveX Methods and PropertiesSPC charting provides you with a wide range of built in functionality. However, ifyou, a screen designer, are familiar with ActiveX and want to add to thatfunctionality as you design your screens, the following methods and properties areavailable.

void AboutBox( ); Calls the About dialog box.Boolean GetControlLimits (ucl, cl, lcl, rucl, Gets the current control limits displayed


rcl, rlcl) on the chartvoid Print( ); Calls the Print dialog box.void UseAmbientProperties( ); Automatically changes an ActiveX

control to use the ambient properties ofthe container

ActiveX Properties:

BSTR ChartTitle;BSTR UpdateInterval;short ChartType;boolean ByTime;BSTR StartTime;BSTR EndDate;BSTR EndTime;short MaxDisplay;boolean Exclusion mode;OLE_COLOR BackgroundColor;OLE_COLOR ChartColor;OLE_COLOR ForegroundColor;BSTR StartDate;IFontDisp* TitleFont;boolean UseAmbientBgColor;boolean UseAmbientFgColor;boolean UseAmbientChartTitleFont;boolean UseAmbientChartColor;BSTR BatchID;BSTR ProjectGroup;BSTR Product;BSTR QC;boolean ShowLegend;boolean ShowChartTitle;boolean ShowXAxisLabels;boolean ShowXAxisTitle;boolean ShowYAxisLabels;boolean ShowYAxisTitle;boolean UseAmbientAxisLabelFont;boolean UseAmbientAxisTitleFont;IFontDisp* AxisLabelFont;IFontDisp* AxisTitleFont;short ReportFields;ISpcLineProperties* UCLLineProperties;ISpcLineProperties* CLLineProperties;ISpcLineProperties* LCLLineProperties;ISpcLineProperties* ZoneLineProperties;ISpcLineProperties* SpecLimitLineProperties;ISpcLineProperties* NormalCurveLineProperties;boolean ShowUpperControlLimit;boolean ShowCenterLine;boolean ShowLowerControlLimit;boolean ShowZones;boolean ShowSpecLimits;boolean ShowNormalCurve;boolean ShowInfoBox;boolean ShowFixedNumberOfBars;boolean ShowRemainingDefects;boolean ShowValues;MaxHistogramSamples;NumberOfZones;float UpperSpecLimit;float LowerSpecLimit;

GFK-1413 6-1

Using SPC Charts

Run-time FunctionsWhen you display an SPC ActiveX control, you can move the cursor over thecontrol, and then click the right mouse button to display the run-time pop-up menufor the control.

You can select:

Update Updates the display with more current dataManual Data Entry... Opens the Manual Data Entry dialog box for the

QC.Print... Opens the Print dialog box to print the contents of

the screen.

Exclusion Mode To toggle Exclusion Mode on and off.Properties Opens the SPC Control Properties dialog box for

the control.

Use Ambient Properties Changes the foreground and background colors usedby the ActiveX control to the ambient colors definedfor the screen.

About SPC


Displaying Test ResultsYou can perform up to 8 control tests on XBar-R and XBar-S data. The results ofthese tests are displayed graphically on the chart. Points on the chart that meet one ormore test criteria are highlighted with red stars. In addition, if you move the cursorover one of these points, a summary of the test results displays. For example:

GFK-1413 Using SPC Charts 6-3

Manual Data EntryIf Manual Data Entry was selected as a collection option when the Variable or DefectQC was configured, you can use the Manual Data Entry... menu option tomanually input QC data for the chart.

Variable QC DataWhen you select Manual Data Entry... from the pop-up menu for a Variable QCchart, the Manual Data Entry (Variable QC) dialog box opens.

For each manual data entry:

1. Enter the value you want in the Raw Value field.

2. Press the button next to the input field.

The number you enter moves to the list box.

After you have entered all the manual data, select Submit to send the data to theSPC Data Collector.


Defect QC DataWhen you select Manual Data Entry... from the pop-up menu for a Defect QCchart, the Manual Data Entry (Defect QC) dialog box opens.

For each manual data entry:

1. Enter the Defect Category name you want in the Defect Code field.2. Enter the number of occurrences for the Defect Category in the Num

of Occ field.

3. Press the button next to the Num of Occ field.The Defect Category and number of occurrences you enter moves to thelist box.

After you have entered all the manual data, select Submit to send the data to theSPC Data Collector.

GFK-1413 A-1

Appendix A - Tables of Constantsfor Control Charts

XBar and R Chart Factors for Control LimitsThe values for samples ranging in size from 0 to 25 for XBar and R charts are:

Chart for Averages Chart for RangesSample Size A2 D3 D4

0 0.000 0.000 0.0001 2.660 0.000 3.2672 1.881 0.000 3.2683 1.023 0.000 2.5744 0.729 0.000 2.2825 0.577 0.000 2.1146 0.483 0.000 2.0047 0.419 0.076 1.9248 0.373 0.136 1.8649 0.337 0.184 1.816

10 0.308 0.223 1.77711 0.285 0.259 1.75512 0.266 0.284 1.71713 0.249 0.308 1.69214 0.235 0.329 1.67115 0.223 0.348 1.65216 0.212 0.363 1.63717 0.203 0.378 1.62218 0.194 0.391 1.60819 0.187 0.403 1.59720 0.180 0.415 1.58521 0.173 0.425 1.57522 0.167 0.434 1.56623 0.162 0.443 1.55724 0.157 0.451 1.54825 0.153 0.459 1.541

A-2 CIMPLICITY HMI SPC Operation Manual GFK-1413

XBar and S Chart Factors for Control LimitsThe values for samples ranging in size from 0 to 25 for XBar and S charts are:

Chart for Averages Chart for StandardDeviations

Sample Size A

Download - Gfk1413C - CIMPLICITY HMI Statistical Process Control Operation Manual

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