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GOVERNING MARITIME
TRANSPORTATION IN THE ARCTIC
Supriti Jaya Ghosh Knauss Marine Policy Fellow ‘16
U.S Committee on the Marine Transportation System
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cujoirSratU
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Maritime Transportation
http://euro-med.dk/billeder/billederships-in-the-arctic-ice-0136032.jpg https://arcticecon.files.wordpress.com/2012/10/a-future-of-arctic-transit.png Indigenous Transportation
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Research Questions
How is maritime transportation governed in the Arctic? Based on desirable qualities of global environmental governance, what are the successes and gaps in existing Arctic governance as related to the the maritime transportation industry? How can governance gaps be filled?
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Defining Global Environmental Governance
A set of regulatory processes, mechanisms and organizations through which political actors influence environmental actions and outcomes.
– Lemos and Agrawal (2006)
Governance is the type of regulation typical of the cooperative state, where state and non-state actors participate in mixed public/private policy networks.
- Mayntz (2002)
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Characteristics of Global Environmental Governance
1. Be situated in a globalized world 2. Be appropriate for local context 3. Be inclusive of non-state actors, especially industry 4. Produce knowledge 5. Provide sufficient infrastructure, including capacity for
enforcement 6. Ensure environmental protection 7. Be flexible and adaptable
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Infrastructure and Enforcement Capacity
Inclusive of Non-State Actors
Situated in a Globalized World
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Governance Institutions
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Law of the Sea
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International Maritime Organization Polar Code
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Environmental Protection Safety at Sea
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Arctic Council
Arctic 8
Permanent Participants
Permanent Observers
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Evaluation of Arctic Governance
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Successes and Gaps Characteristic UNCLOS IMO Arctic Council National Regimes Industry
Situated in a Globalized World
Appropriate for Local Context
Inclusive of Non-State Actors
Knowledge Production
Adequate Infrastructure
Environmental Protections
Flexible and Adaptable
Successful Gap
Partially, or has the potential to be succesful
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The Solution: Networked Governance
Adapted from Figure 1 in Lemos & Agrawal (2006).
ARCTIC COUNCIL
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Thank you!
Dr. Lisa Campbell, Duke University
James Kraska, US Naval War College John Kaltenstein, Friends of the Earth
Carl-Johan Hagman, Stena Line
Patrik Svahn, Stena Bulk
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