Greek and Roman Greek and Roman MythologyMythology

A ReviewA Review

ofof

Heroes, Monsters, and Heroes, Monsters, and AdventuresAdventures

HeroesHeroes

PerseusPerseus TheseusTheseus HerculeHercule

ss AtalantaAtalanta

PerseusPerseus Son of Zeus and Son of Zeus and

Danae (a mortal)Danae (a mortal) Aided by Hermes Aided by Hermes

and Athenaand Athena Tricked the Gray Tricked the Gray

WomenWomen Slew MedusaSlew Medusa Married AndromedaMarried Andromeda Accidentally killed Accidentally killed

his grandfather his grandfather (fulfilling an oracle’s (fulfilling an oracle’s prophecy)prophecy)

TheseusTheseus Son of Athenian Son of Athenian

King AegeusKing Aegeus Slew Sciron and Slew Sciron and

ProcrustesProcrustes Slew the Minotaur Slew the Minotaur

(Ariadne and (Ariadne and Daedalus helped)Daedalus helped)

Ruled Athens wellRuled Athens well Married Phaedra Married Phaedra

(drew Aphrodite’s (drew Aphrodite’s wrath)wrath)

Killed by his “friend” Killed by his “friend” King LycomedesKing Lycomedes

Hercules Hercules (Heracles)(Heracles)

Greatest Greek HeroGreatest Greek Hero Son of Zeus and Alcamena Son of Zeus and Alcamena

(a mortal)(a mortal) Not too bright; often Not too bright; often

impulsiveimpulsive Cursed by Hera; kills wife Cursed by Hera; kills wife

and sonsand sons Completed “Twelve Completed “Twelve

Labors”Labors” Taken to Olympus after he Taken to Olympus after he

dieddied Married HebeMarried Hebe

AtalantaAtalanta Her dad wanted a boy, Her dad wanted a boy,

left her to dieleft her to die Raised by bears, later Raised by bears, later

huntershunters Helped slay the Helped slay the

Calydonian BoarCalydonian Boar May have sailed with May have sailed with

ArgonautsArgonauts Would only marry the Would only marry the

man who beat her in a man who beat her in a racerace

Melanion tricked her, won Melanion tricked her, won the racethe race

They were turned into They were turned into lions.lions.

Other Significant Stories, Other Significant Stories, Adventures, and MonstersAdventures, and Monsters

PandoraPandora PrometheusPrometheus EuropaEuropa PolyphemusPolyphemus NarcissusNarcissus PsychePsyche JasonJason PhaetonPhaeton BellerophonBellerophon

PegasusPegasus ChimeraChimera DaedalusDaedalus MinotaurMinotaur ChironChiron SisyphusSisyphus ProcrustesProcrustes GriffinGriffin

PandoraPandora

First woman on earthFirst woman on earth Hephaestus made her of water Hephaestus made her of water

and earth, and all the gods and earth, and all the gods gave her a gift or talent gave her a gift or talent (Pandora = “all gifted”).(Pandora = “all gifted”).

Her curiosity caused her to Her curiosity caused her to open the jar (or box) open the jar (or box) containing all the evils, but she containing all the evils, but she closed the lid before Hope closed the lid before Hope could escape.could escape.

PrometheusPrometheus A Titan who stole fire A Titan who stole fire

from the sun to give from the sun to give to mortalsto mortals

Angered Zeus, who Angered Zeus, who chained him to a rock chained him to a rock where an eagle would where an eagle would eat his liver out daily eat his liver out daily for all of eternity.for all of eternity.

Hercules later killed Hercules later killed the eagle and freed the eagle and freed Prometheus.Prometheus.

EuropaEuropa

A mortal girl that Zeus fell forA mortal girl that Zeus fell for He tricked her by taking the form He tricked her by taking the form

of a beautiful white bull.of a beautiful white bull. Zeus swept her away to Crete, Zeus swept her away to Crete,

where she bore him three children.where she bore him three children. She later married the king of Crete.She later married the king of Crete.

PolyphemusPolyphemus

The most well-The most well-known cyclops due known cyclops due to his roll in to his roll in The The OdysseyOdyssey

Son of PoseidonSon of Poseidon Tricked and blinded Tricked and blinded

by Odysseusby Odysseus

NarcissusNarcissus

Many young women were in love Many young women were in love with him, but he rejected them all.with him, but he rejected them all.

One young woman, Echo, went to One young woman, Echo, went to a lonely place and faded away until a lonely place and faded away until her sad cries were all that was left her sad cries were all that was left of her.of her.

The goddess Nemesis, in anger, The goddess Nemesis, in anger, made Narcissus fall in love with his made Narcissus fall in love with his own reflection in the pool.own reflection in the pool.

Psyche and CupidPsyche and Cupid Aphrodite, jealous of Psyche’s beauty, sent her Aphrodite, jealous of Psyche’s beauty, sent her

son Eros (Cupid) to make Psyche fall in love son Eros (Cupid) to make Psyche fall in love with an ugly man.with an ugly man.

But Eros fell in love with her himself.But Eros fell in love with her himself. He visited her nightly, but never allowed her to He visited her nightly, but never allowed her to

see his face.see his face. At the instigation of her sisters, Psyche sneaks At the instigation of her sisters, Psyche sneaks

in to look at him one night when he is asleep. in to look at him one night when he is asleep. He awakes and leaves her.He awakes and leaves her.

She wandered the earth in search of a lover for She wandered the earth in search of a lover for many years but was later reunited with Eros.many years but was later reunited with Eros.

JasonJason King Pelias sent Jason on a King Pelias sent Jason on a

seemingly impossible seemingly impossible quest to bring back the quest to bring back the Golden Fleece.Golden Fleece.

Argo = ship / Argonauts = Argo = ship / Argonauts = crewcrew

With help from Medea, With help from Medea, Jason gets the fleece.Jason gets the fleece.

When he abandons Medea, When he abandons Medea, she kills their children, and she kills their children, and Jason is ruined.Jason is ruined.

PhaetonPhaeton Mortal son of Helios (the Mortal son of Helios (the

sun god)sun god) Phaeton convinces Helios Phaeton convinces Helios

to let him drive the to let him drive the chariot that pulls the sun chariot that pulls the sun across the sky.across the sky.

The horses get out of The horses get out of control, threatening to control, threatening to scorch the earth.scorch the earth.

Zeus destroys Phaeton Zeus destroys Phaeton before the earth can be before the earth can be burned up.burned up.

Bellerophon and PegasusBellerophon and Pegasus Sent by a king to slay the Chimera (as Sent by a king to slay the Chimera (as

task that is supposed to be task that is supposed to be impossible)impossible)

With Athena’s help, Bellerophon With Athena’s help, Bellerophon captures Pegasus, the winged horse.captures Pegasus, the winged horse.

They slay the Chimera.They slay the Chimera. Later, in pride, Bellerophon tries to Later, in pride, Bellerophon tries to

ride Pegasus to Mt. Olympus.ride Pegasus to Mt. Olympus. Zeus knocks him back to earth, and Zeus knocks him back to earth, and

he wanders lonely for the rest of his he wanders lonely for the rest of his days.days.

ChimaeraChimaera

Hideous monster with the head of Hideous monster with the head of a lion, the body of a goat, and the a lion, the body of a goat, and the tail of a dragon.tail of a dragon.

Terrorized Lycia until Bellerophon Terrorized Lycia until Bellerophon and Pegasus killed it.and Pegasus killed it.

Any multi-faced or confusing Any multi-faced or confusing problem is now referred to as a problem is now referred to as a chimera.chimera.

DaedalusDaedalus

Famous architect and inventorFamous architect and inventor Built the labyrinth for the MinotaurBuilt the labyrinth for the Minotaur He and his son Icarus are later He and his son Icarus are later

trapped in the labyrinth, so he trapped in the labyrinth, so he crafts wings for them to fly out.crafts wings for them to fly out.

Icarus flies too close to the sun, Icarus flies too close to the sun, melts his wings, and drowns in the melts his wings, and drowns in the sea.sea.

MinotaurMinotaur

Monster with the body of a man, Monster with the body of a man, but the head and tail of a bull.but the head and tail of a bull.

Kept in the labyrinth in Crete, Kept in the labyrinth in Crete, where every year 14 young people where every year 14 young people were sacrificed to this monster.were sacrificed to this monster.

Theseus volunteered to be one of Theseus volunteered to be one of the sacrifices and slew the the sacrifices and slew the Minotaur. Minotaur.

ChironChiron The only good centaurThe only good centaur He was very wise and had great He was very wise and had great

knowledge of the healing arts.knowledge of the healing arts. Tutor of many heroes (Achilles, Theseus, Tutor of many heroes (Achilles, Theseus,

etc.)etc.) Hercules accidentally shot him with a Hercules accidentally shot him with a

poison arrow.poison arrow. To escape the pain, he relinquished his To escape the pain, he relinquished his

immortality.immortality. He is now the constellation of Sagittarius.He is now the constellation of Sagittarius.

SisyphusSisyphus

He betrayed the secrets of the He betrayed the secrets of the gods, cheated Death, and was then gods, cheated Death, and was then punished by Hades.punished by Hades.

In the underworld, he his doomed In the underworld, he his doomed to forever roll a huge boulder up a to forever roll a huge boulder up a hill, where it then rolls back to the hill, where it then rolls back to the bottom, and he starts all over bottom, and he starts all over again.again.

ProcrustesProcrustes

Legendary robberLegendary robber He captured travelers and forced He captured travelers and forced

them to stay in one of his “beds.”them to stay in one of his “beds.” Short people were stretched on a Short people were stretched on a

rack until they were the right length.rack until they were the right length. Tall people had the parts that were Tall people had the parts that were

too long chopped off.too long chopped off. Theseus killed him.Theseus killed him.

PanPan

God of shepherds and God of shepherds and flocks as well as of male flocks as well as of male fertility.fertility.

A satyrA satyr Son of HermesSon of Hermes Chased nymphs through Chased nymphs through

the forests in the shape of a the forests in the shape of a goatgoat

Not well-liked by other godsNot well-liked by other gods

GriffinGriffin Legendary creature with the head, Legendary creature with the head,

beak, and wings of an eagle, and beak, and wings of an eagle, and the body of a lion.the body of a lion.

SourcesSources

Graphics in this presentation were taken from Graphics in this presentation were taken from the following web sites:the following web sites:– http://www.bulfinch.org/fables/search.htmlhttp://www.bulfinch.org/fables/search.html– http://www.pantheon.org/http://www.pantheon.org/– http://www.messagenet.com/myths/http://www.messagenet.com/myths/– http://mythman.com/http://mythman.com/– http://web.uvic.ca/grs/bowman/myth/index.htmlhttp://web.uvic.ca/grs/bowman/myth/index.html– http://www.paleothea.com/http://www.paleothea.com/– http://www.entrenet.com/%7Egroedmed/greekm/myth.htmlhttp://www.entrenet.com/%7Egroedmed/greekm/myth.html

This presentation is for educational purposes This presentation is for educational purposes only; it has not been and should not be sold only; it has not been and should not be sold or used as a vehicle to make money.or used as a vehicle to make money.

The EndThe End