Download - Group 1. About CONGO CONGO Civil War Intervention of IOs *PKO *MONUSCO *ICC Influence of IOs
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POLITICAL ISSUE AND IOS IN-TERVENTION
[CONGO CIVIL WAR AND IOS]
Group 1
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INDEX
• About CONGO• CONGO Civil War• Intervention of IOs *PKO *MONUSCO *ICC
• Influence of IOs
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ABOUT CONGO• In Africa• Population is more than
66million• About 23 times the area
of Korea• Independence from Bel-
gium in 1960
Kin-sasha
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• Be came a colony of Belgium in 1908 But, a colonial administration was difficult Maintained public peace by using colonial
military & Prohibited political activity Stimulated from independent of other
countries• In 1959, opposing Belgium riot broke out• Establishment of government by the first
general election
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• The first government was underprepared Disturbances in Congo during 3 years
after independence• Changing of government five times ☞ The first government → Lumumba → Mobutu → Tshombe → Mobutu• Mobutu be came a president with an 100%
approval rating in 1970
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CONGO Civil War
(1996~1997) 1st Congo War
Laurent Desire Kabila vs Mobuto
⇒ Kabila won! ⇒ president!
⇒ Zaire → the democratic republic of Congo.
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CONGO Civil War
(1998~2003) 2nd Congo War
Laurent De-sire Kabila
ZimbabweAngola
NamibiaSudanZambia
VSRebel Force
RwandaUgandaBurunch
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Intervention of IOs
• 1960 Independence from Belgium
• 1998-2003 Period of Civil War
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• 2006 Presidential election and General election
• 2006.12 Joseph Kabila kabange was elected president of Congo.
• 2003.6 Establishing an interim government
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MONUC(UN Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo)
- supervise and advise
- democratic elections (free, fair)
- promote the stability of Congo
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• 2008.10 deepening of engagement
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• 2009.01 Arrests the rebel leather
• 2010.03 Withdrawal request
• Dispatching decision to extend
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• 2010. 5
(1999~2010)
(United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic
Republic of the Congo)
(2010~ present )
(United Nations Organizations Stabilization Mission in
the
Democratic Republic of the Congo)
MONUC
MONUSCO
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What is PKO?
PKO(Peace Keeping Operation)
• Peacekeeping is one among a range of activities undertaken by the United Nations and other international actors to maintain in-ternational peace and security throughout the world
Their Operations
• monitoring and observing peace processes in post-conflict areas• assisting comes in many forms, including confidence-building measures, power-sharing arrangements, electoral support, strengthening the rule of law, and economic and social development
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MONUSCO
• a United Nations peace keeping force in the Democratic Republic of the Congo(DRC) which was estab-lished in 1999.
• they monitor the peace process of the Second Congo War, though much of its focus subsequently turned to the Ituri conflict, the Kivu conflict and the Dongo conflict
Mission Facts
Location DRC and the sub-region
Headquar-ters
Kinshasa (DRC)
Liaison of-fices
Pretoria (South Africa), Kigali (R-wanda) and Kampala (U-ganda)
Logistics base
Entebbe (U-ganda)
Duration July 2010 to present
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MONUSCO Protect civilians and consolidate peace in the Democratic Republic of the Congo(DRC)
MONUSCO’s Role
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Joseph Kabila
• 2011, 11 Joseph Kabila vs
• Jean-Pierre Bemba was a most powerful candidates with Joseph Kabila • but he was accused of crimes against humanity, war crimes So, for stabilizing the politics, Jean-Pierre Bemba was brought to ICC
Finally, Joseph Kabila
was elected again as a president of DRC( Congo)
Jean-Pierre Bemba
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• What is ICC? The International Criminal Court(ICC)
• a permanent tribunal to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression
• Location: The Hague, Netherlands.
ICC
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Influence of IOs
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IOs were Effec-tive
If UN didn’t intervene CONGO WAR ?
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Limitation of IOs’ effect
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V4kTFUEkiXE