physical sciences data 45
handbook of fourier transform raman and infrared spectra of polymers
physical sciences data
Other titles in this series:
1 J. Wisniak and A. Tamir, Mixing and Excess Thermodynamic Properties 2 J.R. Green and D. Margerison, Statistical Treatment of Experimental Data 3 K. Kojima and K. Tochigi, Prediction of Vapor-Liquid Equilibria by the ASOG Method 4 S. Fraga, J. Karwowski and K.M.S. Saxena, Atomic Energy Levels 5 S. Fraga, J. Karwowski and K.M.S. Saxena, Handbook of Atomic Data 6 M. Broul, J. Nyvlt and 0. Sohnel, Solubility in Inorganic Two-Component Systems 7 J. Wisniak and A. Tamir, Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium and Extraction 8 S. Fraga and J. Muszynska, Atoms in External Fields 9 A. Tslaf, Combined Properties of Conductors
10 J. Wisniak, Phase Diagrams 11 J. Wisniak and A. Tamir, Mixing and Excess Thermodynamic Properties, Supplement 1 12 K. Ohno and K. Morokuma, Quantum Chemistry Literature Data Base 13 A. Apelblat, Table of Definite and Infinite Integrals 14 A. Tamir, E. Tamir and K. Stephan, Heats of Phase Change of Pure Components and Mixtures 15 O.V. Mazurin, M.V. Streltsina and T.P. Shvaiko-Shvaikovskaya, Handbook of Glass Data 16 S. Huzinaga (Editor), Gaussian Basis Sets for Molecular Calculations 17 T. Boublik, V. Fried and E. Hala, The Vapour Pressures of Pure Substances (2nd revised edition) 18 J. Wisniak and M. Herskowitz, Solubility of Gases and Solids 19 D. Horvath and R.M. Lambrecht, Exotic Atoms. A Bibliography 1939-1982 20 R.K. Winge, V.A. Fassel, V.J. Peterson and M.A. Floyd, Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic
21 A. Sala, Radiant Properties of Materials. Tables of Radiant Values for Black Bodies and
22 0. Sohnel and P. Novotny, Densities of Aqueous Solutions of Inorganic Substances 23 J. Wisniak and A. Tamir, Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium and Extraction, Supplement 1 24 R. Pokier, R. Kari and I.G. Csizmadia, Handbook of Gaussian Basis Sets 25 B.D. Smith and R. Srivastava, Thermodynamic Data for Pure Compounds 26 J. Wisniak and A. Tamir, Mixing and Excess Thermodynamic Properties, Supplement 2 27 J. Wisniak, Phase Diagrams, Supplement 1 28 J. Wisniak a$ A. Tamir, Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium and Extraction, Supplement 2 29 R.A. Hites and W.J. Simonsick, Jr., Calculated Molecular Properties of Polycyclic
30 J.R. Dias, Handbook of Polycyclic Hydrocarbons 31 G. Hradetzky, I. Hammerl, H-J. Bittrich, K. Wehner and W. Kisan, Selective Solvents.
32 J.L. Delcroix, Gas-Phase Chemical Physics Database 33 Y.C. Jean, R.M. Lambrecht and D. Horvath, Positrons and Positronium. A Bibliography
34 T. Shida, Electronic Absorption Spectra of Radical Ions 35 M. Okawara, T. Kitao, T. Hirashima and M. Matsuoka, Organic Colorants.
A Handbook of Data of Selected Dyes for Electro-optical Applications 36 R. Mills and V.M.M. Lobo, Electrolyte Solutions: Literature Data on Self-Diffusion Coefficients 37 S. Ohe, Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data 38 B. Cheynet, Thermodynamic Properties of Inorganic Materials 39 J. Czerminski, A. Iwasiewicz, J. Paszek and A. Sikorski, Statistical Methods in Applied Chemistry 40 L.A. Nakhimovsky, M. Lamotte and J. Joussot-Dubien, Handbook of Low-Temperature
Electronic Spectra of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons 41 V.M.M. Lobo, Handbook of Electrolyte Solutions 42 S. Ohe, Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data at High Pressure 43 S. Ohe, Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data - Salt Effects 44 C. Wohlfarth, Vapour-Liquid Equilibrium Data at Binary Polymer Solutions 45 A.H. Kuptsov and G.N. Zhizhin, Handbook of Fourier Transform, Raman and Infrared Spectra of
Emission Spectroscopy
Real Materials
Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Data on Dimethylformamide-N-Methylcaprolacta~N-Methylpyrrolidone
1930-1984
Polymers
physical sciences data 45
handbook of fourier transform raman and infrared spectra of polymers
a. h . ku ptsov Russian Federal Center of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice of Russia 119034 Moscow, Russia
g.n. zhizhin Head of Solid State Spectroscopy Department, Institute of Spectroscopy, Academy of Sciences of Russia, Troitzk, 742092 Moscow Region, Russia
1998 ELSEVIER Amsterdam - Lausanne - New York - Oxford -Shannon -Singapore - Tokyo
ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHERS B.V. Sara Burgerhartstraat 25 P.O. Box 21 1,1000 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Library o f Congress Cataloging-in-Publication D a t a
Kuptsov, A . H. Handbook of fourier transform Raman and infrared spectra of
polymers / A.H. Kuptsov, G.N. Zhizhin. p. cm. -- (Physical sciences data ; 45)
Includes index.
1 . Polymers--Spectra--Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Fourier transform spectroscopy--Handbooks, manuals, etc. 3. Raman spectroscopy--Handbooks, manuals, etc. 4. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy--Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Zhizhin, G. N. (German Nikolaevich) 11. Title. 111. Series. QC463.P5K86 1998 547.7'046--d~21 98-2 1957
ISBN 0-444-82620-3
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Printed in The Netherlands
Contents
Historical introduction
The essential principles of infrared absorption and Raman scattering
Important advantages of Raman spectroscopy
Main stages in the development of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
FTIR spectrometer - optical correlometer
Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy
Characterization of samples
Polymer classification
Polymer classification guide
Experimental conditions
Comments on data presentation
References
Appendix
Spectral interpretation literature
Spectral collections
Acknowledgements
Spectra
Alphabetical compound name index
Alphabetical synonym or TM index
Alphabetical general formula index
Chemical Abstracts Service registry number index
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vii
Historical introduction
Towards the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, optical
spectroscopy studies were able to show that molecules possess complex and highly specific
vibrational spectra in the spectral range of 4000-700 cm". It became clear that only those
vibrations which produce an oscillating dipole moment give rise to infrared absorption. The
main principles of light-scattering were also understood rather early. In 1922 Brillouin predicted
light-scattering by long acoustic waves [l]. In 1923, Smecal was one of the first of a number of
scientists to predict that molecules could scatter light inelastically [2, 31. He suggested that
molecular polarizability often changes as particular vibrations occur. This led him to propose
that the shift in frequency between the incident and scattered light would be characteristic of
molecular vibrations. Raman and Krishnan [4] and, almost concurrently, Landsberg and
Mandelstam in Russia [5] demonstrated the predicted effect on liquids [4] and on quartz crystals
[5] and hence Raman spectroscopy was born. The simple apparatus required to record Raman
spectra at that time already existed in most laboratories. The Raman scattering was excited by
using a powerful mercury-vapour discharge lamp, analysed with a conventional spectrograph,
and recorded on photographic plates. By 1939 the conventional method of studying the
vibrational characteristics of compounds was Raman rather than infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and
a vast range of liquids had been analysed. However, following the Second World War, high
sensitivity IR detectors became available and, coupled with advances in electronics, this made
the development of automatic IR spectrometers possible. Thus, IR spectra could be recorded
routinely, in contrast with Raman spectroscopy. In the mid 1960s visible-range lasers were
developed and proved to be ideal sources for Raman experiments. Their exceptionally high
radiance, almost total polarization, and the highly monochromatic nature of laser radiation make
them superb sources for the excitation of Raman spectra. The lasers currently available provide
radiation in the broad wavelength range from the ultraviolet to the near-IR region and have
added to these advantages. The use of lasers has drastically reduced the amount of material
required for obtaining spectra: a rough lower limit is several micrograms of a liquid or solid
specimen. The accessibility of a wide spectral range of laser radiation has practically removed
the limitations associated with the colour of the sample. The spatial directivity and polarization
of laser radiation make it easy to measure the polarization properties of the Raman lines and
their absolute intensity (the scattering cross-section), while the highly monochromatic nature of
the radiation simplifies the study of line shapes and fine structure. The number of publications
on the application of the Raman scattering method has grown rapidly and now the ratio of IR
to Raman investigations is close to one. These two methods complement each other in studies of
the structure and physico-chemical properties of crystals and molecular systems.
Raman spectroscopy has been limited in its applications by one major point -
fluorescence. As a phenomenon, fluorescence is approximately lo6 - lo8 times stronger than
Raman scattering. Often, when one tries to excite a Raman spectrum, the fluorescence is the
only phenomenon observed. Trace impurities, coatings on polymers, additives, etc., may
fluoresce so strongly that it is impossible to observe the Raman spectrum of a major component.
The use of W or near-IR excitation has proved to be effective in reducing this problem. Its
main reduction is related to the widespread application of FT-Raman spectroscopy.
The essential principles of infrared absorption and Raman scattering
The simplest way of describing the mechanism of Raman spectroscopy is via an
energy level diagram. An incident photon of energy hv, interacts with a molecule having
vibrational energy levels vI, v2, etc. Most of the incident radiation is unchanged in energy. It is
transmitted, refracted, reflected, or even scattered, but at the same energy (frequency). A small
portion of the energy, however, is lost to the vibrational energy levels and appears as h(v,-v,),
h(v,-v,), etc. This is the Raman-scattered radiation. If v,,v,, etc., are relatively close to the
ground state, at ordinary temperatures these levels will have a significant population determined
by the Boltzmann distribution. In this case, molecules in the vibrationally excited states can
interact with the incident radiation and return to the ground state. This will result in energies of
(v,+v,), (v,+v2), etc., being observed. The shifts to lower and higher energy are known as Stokes
and anti-Stokes Raman scattering, respectively: the first type is used most frequently. In all
spectroscopy there is a mechanism by which the incident radiation interacts with the molecular
energy levels. For infrared (IR) absorption spectroscopy, which is associated with molecular
vibrational energy levels, it is the change in dipole moment during the vibration. For Raman
spectroscopy, the mechanism has its origins in the general phenomenon of light scattering, in
which the electromagnetic radiation interacts with a pulsating, deformable (polarizable) electron
ix
cloud. In the specific case of vibrational Raman scattering, this interaction is modulated by the
molecular vibrations.
Suppose that the incident electric field associated with the light, which is the wave
phenomenon, is represented by E = E, cos 2nvt, where E is the time-dependent intensity, E, the
maximum amplitude, and v is the frequency. This field induces a dipole p, such that
p = a E = uE,, cos 2nvt,
where the proportionality constant a is known as the polarizability. The classical theory gives
the average rate of total radiation as
I = ( I 6 n4 Nc') v4 p:,
where po is the amplitude of p. For this case the scattered radiation has the same frequency as
the incident. The expression for p can be rewritten in terms of Cartesian components; in its
For almost every case, a is a symmetric matrix (axy=a,, etc.). Now suppose that the
scattering body is not just a polarizable sphere but has vibrational modes of its own - normal
modes, Q, described by
Qk = Q,"COS 27CVkt.
These oscillations can affect the polarizability, and this effect can be written as
a = a,+(aa/aQ,") Qk + higher-order terms.
Multiplying by E gives
aE=p=a,E+(aa/aQ,")QkE.
The expression for p now becomes
p = a,E,cos 2nvt + E,Q;(aa/aQ& cos 2nvt cos 2nv,t.
Using a trigonometric identity for the product of two cosines, this can be rewritten as
p = ~,E,cos 2nvt + O.SE,Q,"(aa/dQ&[cos 2n(v + v&t + cos 2n(v - v&].
X
The three terms of this equation represent the three major phenomena observed in a
simple Raman spectroscopy experiment: the first term is elastic scattering (without frequency
change), known as Rayleigh scattering, the second term, of frequency (v+vk), is anti-Stokes
Raman scattering, and the third one is the Stokes Raman scattering. The classical description
gives only a very limited insight into the relative intensities of each of these phenomena. One
does expect that aalaQ, will be much smaller than a,, so that the Raman scattering should be
less intense than the Rayleigh scattering. This is in fact the case. Moreover, the classical
prediction indicates a simple, linear dependence of Raman scattering on incident beam intensity
and sample concentration, again consistent with experiment except for certain special cases. The
relative intensities of the Stokes - and anti-Stokes-scattering are only predicted to differ by the
ratio of [(v-vk)/(v+vk>]', which is not in accord with observation. The Boltzmann distribution
will be the major factor in determining the relative intensities of these two phenomena. The
population of any excited level is always less than that of the ground state, making the Stokes
Raman scattering always more intense than the anti-Stokes. A full quantum mechanical
treatment of the Raman effect is usually done using time-dependent perturbation theory (see
Long [6]) and only certain key results will be given here. From the classical approach it can be
appreciated that the geometry of the sample and that of experiment (incident and observing
directions) will affect the observations. For analytical purposes, the most important samples are
liquids and randomly oriented solids. The commonly used experimental geometry has the
observation at right angles to the excitation, although there are occasionally good reasons for
observing the scattering in other directions, particularly at 180" to the direction of excitation. A
special case of interest, that of oriented polymers, is discussed in ref. [7].
Placzek [8] originally derived the expressions for Raman scattering with different
geometries, including the conventional 90" scattering, and put these into a convenient form. In
these expressions, the polarizability (a) is divided into two parts:
a=aS+aa,
where as is the symmetric or isotropic part and aa is the asymmetric or anisotropic part. These
are defined as
3as = a,, + a,, + a,,
2(a"* = [(a,, - a,,)2 + (a,? - ad2 + (a22 - + 6(ax,2 + a?: + a,:)].
It is possible to make a transformation from Cartesian coordinates to principal axes so
that these expressions take the simpler forms:
as= 1/3(a,+ a2+ a,)
and
xi
2(a”*= (a , - a,)*+ (a2- a,)*+ (a3- aJ2.
For molecular vibrations, it is not the polarizabilities themselves that we are dealing
with, but rather the elements of the matrix of polarizability derivatives, (aa/dQ), usually
designated as a‘.
Placzek’s result for Raman scattering at right angles, in terms of these components
of the polarizability derivatives connecting a molecule initially in state m and finally in state IZ,
is
I = constant[(v + ~,,)~/v,,]X[N1,/1 - exp(-h~,,,/kt)]X[45(a’~)~ + 13(~l”)~]
where N is the number of molecules in state m, and I, is the incident intensity. The constants 45
and 13 arise from the orientational averaging process (see [6] for details) and are a consequence
of the experimental geometry. This yields the ratio of Stokes - to anti-Stokes - intensity
Is/Ias = [(v, - V,,)~/(V~ + v,, l4 IX exp(hv,,W,
which is verified experimentally at thermal equilibrium. These expressions assume that v, is far
from any electronic energy levels of the molecule.
What was done here so far [9] only gives us the terms in the expression for Raman
intensity. It does not say whether the key terms in this expression, the a’s, are non-zero for a
particular vibrational mode. In fact, this is very difficult to predict. But group-theory allows us
to predict whether these terms can be non-zero, using information about the symmetry of a
molecule or crystal. In each case, group-theory is used to predict whether a transition moment
integral can be non-zero. These integrals contain the product of three terms: the wave functions
for the ground- and excited-states, and the operator (in this case, the components of the
polarizability derivatives) that connects these two states. For a transition to be observed, the
product of these three terms must be totally symmetric; that is, it must leave the original
molecular symmetry unchanged.
One finds that, in molecules of high symmetry, both IR and Raman spectroscopy are
needed to observe the vibrational modes. Even with both techniques, there may still be some
vibrations that are totally forbidden. The best known selection rule for IR and Raman
spectroscopy is known as the “Rule of Mutual Exclusion”, which states that if a molecule has a
centre of symmetry, vibrations cannot be active in both IR and Raman spectroscopy. This rule
has often been applied in molecular structure investigations to determine whether a centre of
symmetry is present. In general, vibrations that do not distort the molecular symmetry,
“symmetric vibrations”, are intense in the Raman spectrum while those that maximize the
distortion are most intense in the IR spectrum. If the atoms involved in these vibrations are
highly polarizable (e.g., sulfur or iodine) then the Raman intensity is high. Some examples of
xii
vibrational modes that are of importance in the Raman scattering of polymers, and their
frequency ranges, are shown in Table 1.
There are four main generalizations of the common observations about Raman spectral
intensities [9]:
1. Stretching vibrations associated with chemical bonds should be more intense than
deformation vibrations.
2. Multiple chemical bonds should give rise to intense stretching modes. For example, a Raman
band corresponding to a C=C (or CeC) vibration should be more intense than that from a C-C
vibration.
3. Bonds involving atoms of large atomic mass are expected to give rise to stretching vibrations
of high Raman intensity. The S-S linkages in proteins are good examples of this [lo].
4. Those Raman features arising from normal co-ordinates involving two in,phase bond-
stretching motions are more intense than those involving a 180” phase difference. Similarly, for
cyclic compounds, the in-phase “breathing” mode is usually the most intense.
Important advantages of Raman spectroscopy
1. The ”transparency” of water and glass: the very low Raman scattering of water (which is
important for living systems) and of glass make it suitable for dilute aqueous solutions of
substances as well as for hygroscopic materials, and permits the use of standard glass cuvettes
and capillaries.
2. Non-destructivity, and the absence of need of very sophisticated sample preparation.
Raman spectroscopy is equally suitable for the analysis of gases, liquids, fibres, single crystals,
surface features, etc. Intact measurements permit one to investigate the native molecular
structure in biopolymers, living and other systems. It permits studies of eye lenses, the end
processes of muscle contraction, components of living cells, and of ancient manuscripts and art
objects, etc. The crystallinity of polymeric materials and orientation effects in fibres, monitored
by FT-Raman spectra, could be very useful in technological control and in forensic science.
3. Symmetrical bonds such as C-C, C=C, CeC, N=N, 0-0, S-S, manifest themselves by giving
the most intensive bands in Raman spectra, and especially structures with the latter heavy
atoms, while they are inactive in the infrared. Among spectral methods Raman, is exceptional in
showing the structure of natural S-S cross-linkages in biomolecules, artificial ones in vulcanized
... Xll l
elastomers and some other systems (for example, the S-S bond was found in some types of
papers [ 1 11).
4. The spatial resolution is about one order of magnitude better than in IR, owing to the use of
the laser source in the UV-NIR range where the diffraction limits of microscopy are lower.
5. Wide spectral range. In the far- and middle-infrared ranges spectra are measured using
different optical elements while the Raman technique covers all this range of vibrational
frequencies using a single instrument.
6. In analytical studies of unknowns, Raman spectroscopy is very useful as a screening
method for choosing the best further sophisticated techniques, and for control of the
“sufficiency” and “adequacy” of received and synthesized information. This is especially
important when there are very limited amounts of substances such as linked polymeric complex
materials (paints, coatings, adhesives, sealants, etc.) when separation and isolation methods are
hardly applicable. Combined investigations using FT-Raman followed by FT-IR diamond-cell
microscopy frequently gives adequate results.
Parallel searching of Raman and infrared libraries of spectra of unknown substances
will first increase the reliability of “found” and “coincided” main components and, secondly,
permit one to enhance the “hit quality” of minor components revealed by the spectral
subtraction of components found by a complementary method. The value of Raman spectra in
such analyses comes not only from its complementarity but also from the sharpness of Raman
bands. Such widely used extenders and / or pigments as carbonates, silicates, or sulfates are
characterized by very broad infrared bands with overlapping wide spectral ranges, whilst their
Raman bands are narrow.
The polarization of IR and Raman lines of oriented molecules in organic and inorganic
single crystals was used successfully for the components of complex band assignment to
symmetrical species in these highly ordered systems, for unit-cell symmetry identification, and
for the low-temperature crystal phases determination along with the correlation field (Davidov)
splitting [6,12]. Such analyses of the polarized spectra of polymers have been rare, primarily
owing to the lack of highly oriented visually transparent specimens. Although it is well known
[ 131 that a single crystal morphology exists for polymers grown isothermally from solution, the
size of such structures is generally in the micrometer region, and is certainly inadequate for
routine polarized Raman scattering analyses. On the other hand, polymers isothermally
crystallized from the melt are semi-crystalline and often lack sufficient orientation to make
polarization measurements practical. Furthermore, many polymers, when melt-crystallized,
form organized domain structures, e.g., sphemlites, whose size is comparable to the wavelength
xiv
of visible light and which give rise to the milky appearance often observed in these semi-
crystalline materials. The multiple scattering in such samples scrambles the internal
polarization, thus rendering polarized Raman studies impossible. Recent improvements in
polymer-processing technology have, however, made available uni-axially oriented
monofilaments and yams that are highly oriented and give a significant improvement over the
stretched films used for previous studies. Hence, over the past decade, increasing numbers of
Raman studies of transparent uni-axially oriented filaments have appeared. For the case where
the unique symmetry axis (z) of a polymer was parallel to the direction of orientation in the uni-
axially oriented material, expressions have been presented relating the Raman scattering to the
type of symmetry [14]. On the basis of this model, the spectra were analyzed of isotactic
polypropylene [ 151, polyethylene [ 161, polytetrafluoroethylene [ 171, and an alternating
copolymer of ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene [18]. When the unique symmetry axis ( z ) is
perpendicular to the chain backbone, and thus perpendicular to the orientation direction, these
expressions are no longer valid. A new set of expressions has been derived for this case [ 191 and
the example of Raman-scattering spectral analysis for a uni-axially drawn filament of poly-
(vinylidenefluoride) was discussed. It seems that FT Raman studies of polarized spectra of
polymers are still very rare.
Main stages in the development of Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy
FTIR spectrometer - optical correlometer
The central part of the FT-spectrometer is the Michelson interferometer [20-221 in
which one of the mirrors moves along the optical axis of the instrument, changing the optical
path difference between the two arms of the interferometer. This produces the recorded
autocorrelation function of the radiation entering the interferometer having the amplitude of the
electric field E(t). The semi-transparent beam-splitter layer divides the entering light flux into
two parts, and after passing through their individual optical paths these two beams meet and mix
with each other, with a relative time delay z. The photodetector registers the intensity averaged
over a time Q (Q is the time constant of the detection system):
xv
I(t) = (p ~ / 2 ) < [E(t) + E(~-T)] > = (p u/2)[<E (t)> + < E (t-T)> t < 2E(t)E(t-~)>]
where p is the transmission, and u the throughput of the instrument. The value E(t) is a random
function because the light emission by atoms is a random process. If E(t) is a stationary random
function and Q is much less than the coherence time (as is usually the case), the following
equation is valid:
<E'(t)> = <E2(t-z)> = I ,
where I is the average value, constant over time, and
I ( T ) = <E(t)E(t-T)>
is the autocorrelation function, which is dependent on the delay ( -T) . In this case, the first
equation is replaced by a new one:
I(t) = p u[I, + I(T)].
On the basis of the Viner-Hinchin theorem the autocorrelation function of the stationary
random process is represented by the Fourier integral:
+ W
I(T) = I B' (a) exp(iDT)dD.
The inverse Fourier transformation gives:
B'@) = (1/2n)
- m
+ W
I(z)exp (-iDT)d T . -00
For real E(t) the functions I (T) and B'(D) are even, and the previous equation transforms into:
t m
B(D) = 2B'(a) = (]In) I@) cos (z, T) d~ , 0
where B(b) is the spectral density of the process E(t): in optics it simply means the
spectrum.
The Fourier spectrometer measures the interferogram, whose variable part is
proportional to the autocorrelation function of the studied radiation. The spectrum is obtained
by the Fourier transformation of that part. If L is the maximum path-difference between
interfering beams it means that the autocorrelation function is known in the interval from 0 to
T-. = L/c, which determines the resolution (the minimal resolved spectral interval Sf),
6f - l / ~ = c/L, where c is the velocity of light.
or, in wavenumbers, 6v- 1/L. It is seen that in contrast with classical spectrometers the
resolution, 6v, and resolving power of the Fourier spectrometer (R = v/6v) are not related to the
dimensions of any optical elements, but depend only on the maximal shift of the movable mirror
of the interferometer.
xvi
It took more than 50 years to reach the understanding that the interferogram is the
autocorrelation function of the incident in spectrometer radiation. The evolution of this
understanding went along with the development of the detectors of IR radiation and of
computational facilities for processing large masses of numerical data.
At the beginning of this century Rubens was closer than others to the realization of the
FTIR spectrometer during his studies on Maxwell-Gertz waves in the sub-millimetre
wavelength region. He observed the autocorrelation function using the “poor” scanning
Fabry-Perot interferometer during studies of the “reststrahlen band” of radiation reflected from
ionic crystals. As this radiation was quasi-monochromatic, the Fourier transformation was
unnecessary: just the summation of three to five sinusoidal signals was sufficient. To increase
the precision of wavelength determination, Rubens and Wood used a monochromatic reference
beam (emission from a sodium flame). The Rubens discovery was forgotten and even in 1947
Jacquinot had used the Fabry-Perot interferometer not as a spectrograph but as a spectrometer
with the photoelectric detector [23]. He understood that the diameter of the entrance aperture
should be consistent with the resolving power of the spectrometer. From simple considerations
it was clear that the best solid angle 62 should be determined from the equation, R62 = 2n. As the
solid angle is equal to 2 d R , the throughput of the interferometer is
u = 2n S / R ,
where S is the cross-section of the light-beam in the interferometer. The throughput for a grating
spectrometer is:
u :: pS/R,
where p is the angular height of the spectrometer slit. Consequently, at a fixed value of R the
interferometer’s gain in throughput, compared with a grating spectrometer with the same cross-
section, S, of the collimated light beam is equal to 274.3, i.e., near 200. This is the “Jacquinot
advantage”. The Jacquinot approach to the FTIR problem from the Fabry-Perot side had one
important consequence, showing that the Michelson interferometer is not unique in being useful
for optical correlometry, but there are many different types of devices which are acceptable.
Fellgett had found the “multiplex advantage” for FT-spectroscopy using the optical wedge in his
experiments [24]. Chantry et al. first performed by computer the Fourier transformation of an
interferogram registered on a lamellar interferometer [25].
The “Fellgett advantage” is the “multiplex advantage” (see later) related to the
simultaneous detection of all frequencies of the incident radiation. Let us assume that the FT-
spectrometer and grating spectrometer have the same resolution, that the studied spectral
interval is between v, and v2 and that it contains M spectral elements:
xvii M = (v, - v,) / 6v.
In the classical spectrometer the spectral elements are registered successively and T, is the time
needed for registration of one spectral element, so that the registration time of the total interval
(v2-v,) will be MT,.. In contrast with a grating spectrometer, the FT-spectrometer is registering
all the spectral information during the full time qs of the interferogram recording. If T,= T,
then the spectrum can be registered on the FT-spectrometer M times faster than on the grating
spectrometer. From the other side, if two spectrometers use the same time (nT, , for example)
then the FT spectrum will have a better signal-to-noise ratio as below:
(S/N),, / (S/N), = (MT, / Tfi ) ’I2 = M“?.
The gain of M”? in the signal-to-noise ratio is known as a “Fellgett gain” or “multiplex factor”.
This factor is really achievable if the computational system is able to process the full range of
data to receive the spectrum in the interval (v, - v,) without this being shortened. For example,
if the interval is 4000 cm-’ and the resolution 1 cm-l thus M = 4000. So, theoretically, the FT
spectrometer can register the spectrum in the interval from 0 to 4000 cm-’, with a resolution of 1
cm-l, 4000 times faster than a grating spectrometer at the same signal-to-noise ratio, or can give
a 63 times better S/N if the registration time is identical for the two spectrometers.
The dispersive spectrometers suffer from greater wavenumber errors, of a less
predictable form, owing to their general mechanical and thermal instability and can also be
affected by non-uniform illumination across the monochromator entrance slit [26]. FT-
spectrometers typically use a He-Ne laser as a reference beam to monitor the displacement of
the moving optical element, so providing an active internal absolute wavelength calibration
[27]. This feature of FT-spectrometers is known as the “Connes advantage” or gain. It is
especially important for high resolution FT-spectrometry, where the precision of the discrete
taking up of the interferogram values is of the level of 7A with the total number of counts 1O’O
[28]. In theory, all spectrometers can show an improved signal-to-noise ratio if the spectra are
averaged after spectral accumulation. However, this relies on the fact that the spectra can be
exactly superimposed. Any displacement error between spectra will cause the band shapes to be
distorted and the signal-to-noise ratio will consequently fail to improve. Interferometers have
the advantage that the frequency scale is generated from the He-Ne laser, whose wavelength is
invariant and very precisely known. This enables spectra to be superimposed exactly and added
together. The registration of an interferogram with a fixed precision is practically equivalent to
the production of a good-quality diffraction grating. In FT-spectroscopy this condition is
redoubled as any defect in spectrum is proportional to E - i.e. to the error in the optical path-
difference, but in case of real diffraction gratings it is proportional to €,,
xviii
The main advantage which allows Fourier spectroscopy to flourish was the fantastic
progress in computational techniques, such that the majority of problems of contemporary FT-
spectroscopy can be solved on the PC-type computers.
Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy
From the early days of FT-infrared spectroscopy's appearance in the 1950s, Fourier
transform Raman (FTR) spectroscopy became very attractive to many spectroscopists who
could see the advantages of FT interferometry. The theoretical analyses and the first
experimental attempts to realize FTR appeared after the pioneering successful work on the FT-
IR spectrometers [29-331. The progress in the FT-IR techniques, in lasers, NIR detectors, and
optical filters in the succeeding twenty years made FT-Raman spectroscopy a feasible, and
finally a very productive, method. The early experience in studies by IR-Raman spectroscopy of
narrow-gap semiconductors, which are opaque in the visible range, showed that the best source
for IR-Raman spectral excitation is the neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd3':
YAG) solid-state continuous-wave laser, operating at 1.064 pm. Especially productive for this
application were the studies of the pressure-dependent phonon Raman spectra accompanied by
the gap-width variation with hydrostatic pressure [34-391.
There are several components in the FT-Raman experiment and each one
contributes to the overall sensitivity. The choice of laser will depend on the type of sample
being examined. Since the Raman scattering cross-section varies as v4, the wavelength of the
laser should be as short as possible, to increase the probability of Raman-scattered photons. If,
however, fluorescence is a problem, the only way to avoid this effect is to reduce the energy of
the incoming photons to a value below the threshold for the excitation of fluorescence. For ease
of detection, the laser should operate in a continuous-wave mode. It might be possible to
operate with a pulsed system, if the repetition rate is fast enough, but a continuous-wave system
will have higher integrated power and a simpler detection scheme. Given the constraint of a
fluorescing sample, the laser of choice is currently a Nd-YAG system. In the future, other lasers
operating near 900 nm may be used to take advantage of the v4 gain, while still avoiding the
fluorescence problem. For example, diode lasers have made big progress and are now available
with reasonable power levels (30-300 mW) at 785 and 830 nm. Tuneable excitation in the
region 670-1 100 nm can be obtained with the Ti sapphire laser. Pumped by a continuous-wave
argon ion laser, output conversions of 10-15% are readily obtained. There is a great deal of
xix
interest in changing from Nd-YAG lasers to the diode-pumped versions which are coming onto
the market. The noise performance of these units is significantly better. Their small size makes
their incorporation into a laboratory spectrometer easier. The only limitation is their low power
(less than 1 W), although this limitation is changing almost daily. The parallel development of
red-extended CCD detectors, coupled with these lasers, has allowed the production of Raman
spectrometers with excellent fluorescence rejection and reasonable sensitivity.
FT-instruments show - under the conditions of Raman spectroscopy - a “multiplex
disadvantage”, since the statistical noise of the exciting radiation scattered onto the detector is
transformed to noise at all frequencies in the Raman spectrum. The Raman conversion
efficiency in the NIR spectral range, and differences in NEP (Noise Equivalent Power) at the
corresponding detectors, can be compensated as follows.
By increasing the power of the exciting laser. With Nd-YAG lasers this is possible
since almost all substances do not absorb at this frequency.
By changing the throughput of the spectrometer since the optical conductance of the
interferometer is at least one order of magnitude higher than that of a dispersive spectrometer.
By changing the sampling arrangements. Special care has to be taken to collect the
Raman radiation efficiently, especially for small samples. A special sample cell has been
developed which uses a spherical cuvette with the sample at the centre [40].
An efficient mechanism for rejection of the scattered laser-line radiation has to be
incorporated. The major new development in this area is the introduction of holographic filters.
These devices have the sharp cut-off characteristics of the multilayer dielectrics, but do not
exhibit a harmonic structure in the transmission curve. The transmission is high (SO-90%) and
featureless, as opposed to the dielectrics which have numerous features in the transmission
curve because of interference among the multiple layers. Two filters are sufficient to give
Rayleigh-line rejection, and spectral information down to 150 cm-’ can be obtained. Another
filter type is the Chevron unit [41] which has been shown by Nicolet, and possibly Bruker, to
give Raman data down to 60 cm“. Additionally, data can be obtained on both the Stokes and
anti-Stokes bands [42].
The choice of detectors now appears to have swung back to Ge. The use of a PIN Ge
detector operated at 77K and biased at 250V gives a slightly better performance than InGaAs
and increases the spectral range out to a 3500 cm-’ Raman shift. These detectors are, however,
sensitive to cosmic rays, and efforts must be made to ensure that these spikes do not
contaminate the interferogram [4 I ] ,
xx
The Raman effect arises from a non-resonant scattering interaction and is quite weak.
Thus any resonant interaction, such as fluorescence, either from the sample of interest or from
impurities contained in the sample, can completely mask the Raman spectrum. In addition,
conventional Raman spectroscopy lacks the frequency-precision necessary for good spectral
subtractions. Finally, high- resolution experiments are difficult with conventional grating
instruments, since they become throughput-limited when the slit-width is reduced. These three
problems are now completely solved, except for the presence of background signals, especially
in relation to low frequency vibrations (less than 100 cm-I).
This book, being a collection of data from 500 polymers, has appeared mostly as a
result of the unique facilities of NIR excitation of Raman spectra with quanta lower than the
low-lying electron states of the materials or their impurities, thus avoiding luminescence of the
samples.
In the Appendix we give a list of references to the literature containing the data on
spectral interpretation and to spectral collections [43-611, mainly taken from J.P. Coates’
review article [43].
Characterization of samples
The present collection was made as a result of co-operative work over a long time with
colleagues from a large number of Institutes and companies from Russia and other countries.
It contains homopolymers from twenty principal classes (from straight-chain aliphatic
hydrocarbons to very complex biopolymers and elemento-organic polymers), their widely used
copolymers, widely used resins and blends, and about a hundred related compounds such as
extenders, pigments, plasticizers, emulsifiers, and hardeners. Most substances were measured as
received, without purification.
The diversity of chemical structures in the polymer chains is characterized by the
incorporation of eleven different chemical elements. Each polymer is identified by its chemical
name, Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number, synonym or commercial (trade) name,
source, sample form (including the sample-preparation technique for IR measurements),
representative molecular structure, general formula, comments, filenames of individual
compounds’ spectra, and the entry numbers in our database.
xxi
Polymer classification
The present classification of the collection was founded on the principles accepted in
a monograph [56]. These principles seem to be a good compromise between the preferences of
classification on the basis of chemical classes accepted, for example, in the Sprouse collection
[57], and a computer-based classification by the chemical element constituents of the polymer
chain unit accepted in Hummel and Scholl's collection [58]. The latter is more suitable for
computer database organisation, but the former appears to be more convenient for the
observation of chemical-class spectral features and spectral changes with chemical structure
evolution.
According to the classification mentioned [56] all the polymers are divided into such
general groups as organic polymers (l), organo-element polymers (2) and inorganic polymers
(3). When dealing with analyses of real polymer materials we are inevitably concerned with
various additives, plasticizers and other compounds, whose spectra are included in our group of
related compounds (4). Because these categories have no sharp boundaries some simplifications
were accepted. For example, as a large number of polymers - and especially biopolymers -
contain the elements phosphorus and sulfur, all of the P- and S-, as well as the N- and 0-
containing polymers are referred to as organic polymers (in spite that, e.g. polyphosphazenes,
are usually referred to as being in the organo-element group). All other heteroatom-containing
organic polymers were referred to Group 2. Some minor components make it difficult to
differentiate between homopolymers and copolymers, or between mixtures and individual
compounds. For the sake of simplicity some rules have been accepted, as follows.
1. Features of a polymer main chain are considered prior to features of the side chains.
2. Minor components of molecular composition or monomer units in copolymers were not taken
into account if their content did not exceed a threshold of approximately 10%.
3. In cases of multiple features used for classification, the favourable one should be selected.
The more favourable are the more essential (functional) or rare features. An accepted sequence
of priorities is as follows:
Triple bonds > B > Si >> P > S > N > 0 (1.2.5 > 1.2.1 > 1.1.6) > unsaturated bonds
(1.1.2-double, aromatic) > halide substitutions > saturated (1.1.1).
These preferences are considered first for the main chain and then for side chains,
excepting those before the ">>" sign. The three left-side features occurring in the side chains
would be preferred over the right-side features occurring in the main chain.
xxii
First, the polymers are subdivided depending on the chemical element constituents of
the main chain. The degree of further subdivision was in correlation with the representative
nature of each class in the present collection.
Organic polymers were differentiated as homopolymers having a carbon main-chain
(1. l), heteroatom-containing main-chain homopolymers (1.2), their copolymers (1.3), and
widely used polymer blends and resins (1.4). Carbon-main-chain homopolymers were
subdivided, according to ref. [56], as saturated hydrocarbons (1.1, l), those having unsaturated
chains (1.1.2), and having other chemical features of the side chains up to eight subgroups (see
pages 23,24). Main-chain homopolymers containing a heteroatom ( 0, N, S, P) were subdivided
into four groups according to each element. We have also accepted the group of C- and 0-
containing cycles as a fifth group, including polyacetals and the outstanding class of
polysaccharides. As being most representative, the 0- (1.2.1) and N- (1.2.2) subgroups were
further subdivided into their main chemical classes (see page xxiv). Within the final subgroups
the aliphatic substances were ordered first, and then the aromatics: all were sequenced in order
of increasing number of C, H and other elements, alphabetically. The branch of copolymers
(1.3) was subdivided as a carbon-chain group (1.3.1), containing one heteroatom in the main
chain (1.3.2), and containing two heteroatoms in the main chain (1.3.3). There are no polymers
in the present collection which contain more heteroatoms in the main chain. Ordering into
subgroups was as mentioned above. The resins and mixtures (1.4) are differentiated as those
having natural origin (1.4.1) and synthetic products (1.4.2).
The organo-element general group (2) in the present collection was divided into Si-
containing polymers (2.1) and B-containing polymers (2.2).
The general group of inorganic polymers (3) was not represented here, and was filled
with some products of similar nature.
The total number of final subgroups in the present collection was limited to 29,
suitable for marking on the page's right-hand margin with class indexes to facilitate manual
searching in the book. To help searching for chemical class data, page xxiii with the polymer
classification guide, having an appropriately marked margin, is placed at the beginning of the
spectral data sheets, in addition to the alphabetical compound name and CAS number indexes at
the end of the book. All information included about each substance is created in the form of
electronic tables (databases) for computer searching by general formula and other types of
information and could be used together with spectral search systems.
I Polymer classification guide I
I I
I I 1 1.1 Carbon main chain 1.2 I letermlom. niaiii chain I . ? Copolymers 1.4 Resins and mixtures 2.1 Si-containing polymers 1. I Plasticizers, emulsifiers ...
11. I . I Salurated chains I 11.1.2 Ilnralurated chains I I I I 1 I lalidc substitution.; I
l'olvamides
.2 Polyurethanes
7 4 S i n main chain I 2 5 ( ' & L O cycles
in l l l l i " c-hain
m I 1.1 Carbon main chains 1.4.1 I3ascd o n natural .2 B-containing polymers m- in main cliain of units ...
xxiv
Table 1. Principal characteristic vibrational bands assignment for different polymer
Polymer
class
1
1.1.1
1.1.2
1.1.3
1.1.4
Frequency range
(cm-')
2 2950-2970
2920-2935
2860-2880
2840-2860
1450- 1470
-1380
720-770
1640-1648
1665-1 678
1630-1660
985-995,905-910
968-972
730-745
2080-2140
3300
2 100-2200
2200-2270
480-660
500-700
530-800
1 150- 1290
550-890
-3400, -1650
-1735, -1380
- 1240
-1020
classes.
Relative intensity
Infrared Raman
3 S
S
m
m
m
s-m (s, i
at C=O)
m
m
0
m
s, s
S
m-s
m-w
S
vw
vw
S
S
S
m-s
m-w
s, m-w
s, s
S
m
4 ~~ ~
rn
m
S
S
m
m-w (s, if
at C=C)
0
S
S
S
w-0
w-0
w-0
m-s
W
S
S
S
S
S
m-w
m-s
w, vw
m, m
W
m
Tentative assignment
5 Aliphatic CH, asymmetric stretch
Aliphatic CH, asymmetric stretch
Aliphatic CH, symmetric stretch
Aliphatic CH, symmetric stretch
Aliphatic CH,, CH3 bending
CH, bending
CH, rocking
C=C stretch in RHC=CH2
C=C stretch in truns- RHC=CHR'
C=C stretch in cis- RHC=CHR'
CH deformations in RHC=CH,
CH deformation in trans- RHC=CHR'
CH deformation in cis- RHC=CHR'
C=C stretch in RC=CH
C-H stretch in RC=CH
C=C stretch in RC=CR'
CzC stretch in RC=C-CaCR'
C - I stretch
C - Br stretch
C - C1 stretch
predominantly C-F stretch
oredominantlv C-F stretch
0-H stretch, deformation in vinyl alcohol
C=O stretch, CH, def. In CH,C(O)OR
C-0 stretch in CH,C(O)-OR
C-0 stretch in CH,C(O)O-R
xxv
~~
1.1.5
1.1.6
1.1.7
1.1.8
1.2.1.1
1.2.1.2
1.2.2.1
2600-3100
-1710, -1250
-1560, -1410 -1730
-1250, -1160
800-900
1700-1720
1670- 1700
1650-1670
2240-2260
2230-2240
22 15-2235
-3350, -3200
-1660, -1625
-1670
1000- 1250
1580-1620
-1032, 1002, -760,
-700
-1045, -745
-1002,645-765,
750-810, 810-900
620-645,810-850
-1000
830-940,1080-1150
1210-1290
845-900
1735- 1770
17 15-1740
1770-1785
-1780, -1860
-3300
-3080
1630- 1680
1530-1550
1220-1290
s (broad)
s, s
s, m-w S
m, s
m-w
S
S
S
m-s
m- s
m-s
s, m-s
s, s
S
w
m-w
w-0
m, vs
w, s
w-0, m,
s, m
w-0, s
w-0
w-0, s
S
0-w
S
S
S
s, w S
m
S
S
m
W
m, m-w
w, m-s
m
m, m-s
S
m
m
m
S
S
S
m, m
m, m
m
S
m-s
m, vs,
w-0
s, m
vs, m,
w-0, w-0
m-s, w-0
S
m-s, w-0
m
S
m
m
m
w, m-s
m
W
S
w
m
0 - H stretch in H-bonded RC(0)O-H
C=O, C - 0 stretch in RC(=O)-OH
C-0 stretch asym. and sym. in RCOO'
C=O stretch in alkyl-0-C(0)-R
C-0 stretch in C-0-C
predominantly C-C stretch
ketone C=O stretch in alkyl-C(0)-alkyl
ketone C=O stretch in aryl-C(0)-alkyl
ketone C=O stretch in aryl-C(0)-aryl
4liphat. C=N st. in acrylonitrile and cyanoacrylate
C=N stretch in aryl-CaN
CaN stretch in C=C-C=N
N-H stretch in primary amides
amide I (C-0 str.+C-N str.), amide I1 (C-N str.+
NH bend.) in primary amides
C-0 stretch in vinylpyrrolidone
C=S stretch
predominantly C=C benzene ring stretch
mono-substituted benzene ring modes
mono-substituted benzene ring modes
ortho-disubstituted benzene ring modes
meta-disubstituted benzene ring modes
meta-disubstituted benzene ring modes
para-disubstituted benzene ring modes
1.3.5- derivatives
symmetric and asymmetric C-0-C stretch in
aliphatic ether
C - 0 stretch in aryl-OR
0-0 stretch
C=O stretch in aliphatic ester
C=O stretch in aryl-C(0)OR ester
C=O stretch in Ar-0-C(0)-0-Ar carbonates
C=O stretch in cyclic anhydride units
N-H stretch
N-H stretch
C-0 stretch + C+N stretch (amide I)
C-N stretching + N-H bending (amide 11)
N-H bend + C-C str. + C=O bend. (amide 111)
xxvi
1.2.2.2
1.2.2.3
1.2.2.4
1.2.3
(polynucl-
eotides)
1.2.4
1.2.5
1.3.2
(for
example,
proteins)
3300-3350
2240-2270
1730-1690
15 15-1540
1790-1740
1690-1730
1360-1 390
1610- 1680
1550-1580
14 10- 1440
1200- 1230
1050-1100
-810
-790
2550-2600
500-545
620-730
470-5 10
1080-1 100
1120- 11 60
1300- 1340
-3400
1000- 1200 ~
-3300
-3080
1630-1680
1590-1620
1525-1550 (broad)
-1555 (sharp)
1230- 1290
-1210
1050- 1200
1032, 1002,624
900-1000
-830, -850
- 644
630-670, 700-730
5 10-540
s-m
m-s
S
m
m-w
S
S
m
0
0
s-m
m-w
W
W
m-w
0
m
0
m- s
m-s
S
S
S
S
m
S
W
S
0
S
0
W
o,o,o W
0,o
0
W
0
~
W
m- s
m
m-w
m-s
W
m-s
s
S
m
m-w
m- s
S
S
m-s
vs
S
vs
S
S
w-0
W
S
m-w
0
S
m-s
0
m
S
m-s
m
m-s
m
m-s, m-s
m- s
m-s
S
N-H stretch
stretching of O=C=NR
C=O stretch
C+N stretching + N-H bending (amide 11)
C=O symmetric stretch
C=O asymmetric stretch
predominantly C-N stretch
C=N stretch
N=N stretch (aliphatic substituent)
N=N stretch (aromatic substituent)
P+O asym. stretch in RO-P(-0,)'-OR'
P-0 sym. stretch in RO-P(-O,)'-OR'
P -0 stretch in -C-0-P(+O,)-0-C- (A-form)
P-0 stretch in -C-0-P(+O,)--0-C- (B-form)
S-H stretch
S-S stretch in alkyl-S-S-alkyl
C-S stretch in alkyl-S-S-alkyl or alkyl-S-alkyl
S-S stretch in aryl-S-S-aryl
C-S stretch aryl-S-aryl
S=O stretch symmetric in aryl-SO,-aryl
S=O stretch asymmetric in awl-SO,-awl
0-H stretch
C-0 stretch in -C-0-C-. -C-OH
amide A
amide B
amide I
Tyr, Phe
amide I1
Trp
amide I11
Tyr, Phe
predominantly C-N stretch
Phe
predominantly C-C stretch
Tyr (1830/1850 -indicative of H-bonding, ionization)
TYr
C-S stretch
S-S stretch
xxvii
S m-s 2100-2220
1000-1100 S 0
2.1 450-550 0 S
1255-1265 S W
2.2 2500-2600 S S
Si-H stretch
Si-0-Si asymmetric stretch
Si-0-Si symmetric stretch
Si-CH3 deformation B-H stretch in R-BloHlo-R'
Experimental conditions
Raman spectra were measured on a Bruker spectrometer, IFS 66, coupled with a
Raman Accessory FRA 106. The light-scattering was excited using a low-noise diode-pumped
advanced-technology Nd-YAG laser (ADLAS) at 1064 nm: the illumination power on a sample
was not more than 200 mW. A special (enhanced) liquid-nitrogen-cooled germanium detector
was used. The collection geometry of scattered light was 1800. Double sided interferograms
were acquired in both directions of the moving mirror. All spectra were obtained with a
resolution not higher than 4 cm-' (4P-apodisation) after more than 2000 scans (one hour) for a
high signal-to-noise ratio, stored in the range 100-3500 cm'l , and corrected for the instrument
response. Most spectra are presented after fluorescence-background correction using an
interactive baseline linearization routine program. The higher level noise in the range of
2000-2500 cm-' in some spectra having a high fluorescence background may appear as a result
of NIR water vapour absorption, and some features of the instrumental response.
Raman measurements needed no sample preparation or only minor preparation, such
as by pressing of solids into a conic hollow at the flat edge of aluminium cylinder (as well as a
node of a few fibres) or by making a multilayer package of films on a mirror surface to increase
the scattering intensity. Liquid samples were measured using a special quartz cell with a mirror-
back.
FT-IR spectra were measured mainly on a Bruker IFS 45 spectrometer coupled with
an IR-microscope (15-x Cassegranian objective, knife-edge apertures, MCT-detector) or on an
IFS 66 spectrometer at a resolution 4 cm-l (4P-apodisation) after acquisition of 50-100 scans.
Spectra were stored in the range 600-4000 cm-' when using the MCT-detector, or 400-4000
cm" with the DTGS-detector. IR spectra are presented after baseline linearization.
xxviii
All spectra were converted to the JCAMP format using the Bruker ATS-JCAMP-DX
(4.24) conversion program (Version 1.3). Data transfer to a personal computer was initialized by
the Bruker-Kermit program.
All accessories and materials for pressing KBr tablets were from Specac (England)
and Carl Zeiss (Germany). Hygroscopic materials were processed under an IR lamp. The
thermostatic press for polymer films was also from Specac. The diamond-anvil optical cell (type
IIA diamonds) from High Pressure Diamond Optics, Inc. (Tucson, Arizona, USA) was used.
The microtome with accessories were from Tesla (former CSSR).
Most substances were measured as received, without purification. Sample preparation
for IR-spectra was dependent on the physical form of the initial sample and its chemical
properties. Viscous liquids were commonly pressed between salt windows (KBr or KRS-5). A
few thermoplastic polymers were pressed from their melt. Some fibres, elastomers and other
solids were prepared as cast films from different solvents, but this procedure required control
for the elimination of residual solvents. For this reason, the following procedure was frequently
used as being preferable, with no need of diluents which may lead to contamination. The
samples were slightly squeezed to flatten them, using a diamond-anvil optical cell adjusted to be
slightly out of parallel. Polymer films deposited on the single diamond window were measured
under the IR-microscope, isolating by an aperture the areas with optimal thickness and using a
diamond window as reference. Many samples such as fibres, thick films, or powders are
suitable for this preparation technique. Some drawbacks of this technique are connected with IR
absorption by the diamond windows. However the windows used are thin enough to be properly
transparent in the whole range (see their spectra on page 415). Moreover, they are of the IIA
type, known to have no nitrogen defects and hence to be absorption-free below 1400 cm-' , and
only the 2000-2500 cm-' range is slightly obscured.
Some elastomer samples were measured using an ATR variable-angle accessory or
micro-ATR 4-times beam condenser accessory (both from Specac) with a KRS-5 45' element.
The resulting spectra were intensity-corrected for the wavelength dependence of the depth of
penetration.
The sample thickness for IR measurements was arranged so that the maximum
absorbance in most spectra was about 0.8-1.2 and did not exceed a threshold of 2.0.
xxix
Comments on data presentation
All data for each substance are presented as information tables, with IR and Raman
spectra confined in the same frame and, when available, the chemical structure drawing
inserted. The Tables contain the following ten items:
Compound name is used as commonly published in the literature (not necessarily the IUPAC
name).
Synonym or TM item includes the trade name of a sample, or another name
Source. The source names were inserted from the database as they were registered at a moment
of receiving the sample. However, the names of some enterprises changed during the period of
reformation in the former USSR area, and the data presented were updated as far as possible.
Commonly used abbreviations for different types of corporations and their names are presented
as direct transcriptions. Names in English of different institutes are presented as given on their
letterheads or business cards of colleagues.
General forinula represents the number of each element in homopolymer units and in
copolymer units, separated by a hyphen. The sequence of elements is conventional -
alphabetical, but starting with “C” and “H”.
Sample form represents the initial physical form of a sample: that is the state in which the
Raman spectrum was recorded (since it was not changed). The sample-form for registration of
the IR spectrum is presented after the signs “/ IR’. More detailed information on sample
preparation for IR measurements is presented in the Experimental part.
CAS numbers are given when they were available.
Number ofentry. This item is connected with the identification (chronological) number of the
spectrum in the user-created library of the Bruker IR-search program, modified for working
with Raman spectra. This also serves as a chronological number in the original information
database (using “Microsoft Office”)
Class indexes are serving numerals associated with the chemical class identification numbers
(shown in the Classification Guide - page xxiii). Since some of the substances could be referred
to more than one class, a few indexes indicated by ‘‘1’ are presented in order of the preferred
sequence described in the Polymer Classification part. These indexes could be used for
searching and isolation of a sought class (extended by having “recessive features” as secondary
indexes).
Filename is the individual name of each substance in the collection. Replacement of the first
two digits (representing the number of a definite class in the accepted sequence) by “IR’ means
xxx
the filename of the original IR spectrum, and by “RP”, the filename of the original Raman
spectrum.
Comments supply any additional information about a substance. The comment “laboratory
sample” means that the sample is experimental and produced mainly for use in the laboratory.
A comment, “standard material” means that a sample is industrial or commercial and when
available is supplied by numbers of standard documentation. Common abbreviations of standard
documentation are presented as direct transcription. “GOST” means “state standard”, “OST” is
a standard accepted for any branch of industry, “TU” is for “technological conditions”, etc.
Chemical structure drawings are representative of the main units: those which are
involved in linkages and end-group structures are not shown. In some cases, when they strongly
influence the spectra (for low-molecular-weight substances, or are highly linked) they are shown in
drawings (sometimes as dashed) or described in Comments. Moreover, if a linking process is
accompanied by substantial conversion of the main-chain backbone (as in polydiacetylenes) and
the initial structures contribute very slightly to the spectrum, the final structures are represented.
There was no intention to represent the spatial configurations of the molecular structures (despite
some cycles, for example in polysaccharides, looking like it).
Infrared and Raman spectra, both scaled to the most intensive bands, are presented as
stack-plots in the region 4000-100 cm-’. The absorbance scale is more suitable for comparison of
relative band intensities in the IR and Raman spectra. On the other hand, in most IR atlases the
spectra are presented using the transmittance scale: this includes the only atlas of combined IR and
Raman spectra [59] which uses the central part of the page, between the spectra, for chemical
structure representation. Thus the conventional transmittance scale was chosen as it is more
suitable for rational distribution of information in the combined figure and for an easier comparison
by the reader of presented IR spectra with other well-known reference collections.
References
1 L. Brillouin, Ann. Phys. (Paris), 17 (1922) 88.
2 A. Smekal, Nutunuissenschuften, 11 (1923) 873.
3 H.A. Kramers and W. Heisenberg, 2. Phys., 3 1 (1925) 681.
4 C.V. Raman, K.S. Krishnan, Nature (London), 121 (1928) 501.
5 G. Landsberg and L. Mandelstam, Nutunuissenschuften, 16 (1928) 557.
xxxi
6 D.A. Long, Raman Spectroscopy, McGraw-Hill, London, 1977.
7 J.F. Rabolt, in J.G. Grasselli and B.J. Bulkin (Editors), Chemical Analysis: A Series of
Monographs on Analytical Chemistry and Its Applications, Vol. 114, Wiley, New York, 1991,
p.123.
8 G. Placzek, in E. Marx (Editor), Handbuch der Radiologie, Vol. 6, Akademie-Verlag, Leipzig,
1934, p. 205.
9 B.J. Bulkin, in J.G. Grasselli and B.J. Bulkin (Editors), Chemical Analysis: A Series of
Monographs on Analytical Chemistiy and Its Applications, Vol. 114, Wiley, New York, 1991, p.
253.
10 A.H. Kuptsov and V.I. Trofimov, J. Biomol. Struct. Dynamics, 3 (1985) 185.
1 1 A.H. Kuptsov, Vibrational Spectroscopy, 7 (1 994) 185.
12 G.N. Zhizhin and E.I. Mukhtarov, in J.R. Durig (Editor), Optical Spectra and Lattice Dynamics
of Molecular Crystals, Vol. 21, Elsevier, 1995.
13 B. Wunderlich, Macromolecular Physics, Vols. 1-3. Academic Press, New York, 1973.
14 R.G. Snyder,J. Mol. Spectrosc., 37 (1971) 353.
15 R.T. Bailey, A.J. Hyde and J.J. Kim, Spectrochim. Acta, 30A (1974) 91.
16 R.T. Bailey, A.J. Hyde, J.J. Kim and J. McLeish, Spectrochim. Acta, 33A (1977) 1053.
17 J.F. Rabolt and B. Fanconi, Macromolecules, 11 (1978) 740.
18 K. Zabel, N.E. Schlotter and J.F. Rabolt, Macromolecules, 16 (1983) 446.
19 N.E. Schlotter and J.F. Rabolt, Polymer, 25 (1984) 165.
20 D.B. Chase and J.F. Rabolt (Editors), Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy From Concept to
Experiment, Academic Press, New York, 1994.
21 R.J. Bell, Introductory Fourier Transform Spectroscopy, Academic Press, New York, 1972.
22 G.N. Zhizhin (Editor), High Resolution Infrared Spectroscopy, Mir, Moscow, 1972 (in
Russian).
23 P. Jacquinot and J.C. Dufour, J. Rech. CNRS, 6 (1948
24 P. Fellgett, J. Phys. Radium, 19 (1958) 187.
25 G.W. Chantry, H.A. Gebbie and C. Hilsum, Nature (London), 203 (1964) 1052.
26 A. Crookell, P.J. Hendra, H.M. Mould and A.J. Turner, J. Raman Spectrosc., 21 (1990) 85.
27 J. Connes and P. Connes, J. Opt. SOC. Am., 56 (1966) 896.
28 J. Connes, H. Deluis, P. Connes, G. Guelachvili, J.-P. Maillard, and G. Michel, Nouv. Rev,
d’optique, 1 (1970) 3.
29 G.N. Zhizhin and M.N. Popova, J. Appl. Spectrosc. 32 (1980): Translation of Zh, Prikl.
Spectrosc., 32 (1980) 11 10.
xxxii
30 D.B. Chase and T. Hirschfeld, Appl. Spectrosc., 40 (1986) 133.
31 D.B. Chase,J. Am. Chem. SOC., 108 (1986) 7485.
32 V.M. Hallmark, C.G. Zimba, J.D. Swalen and J.F. Rabolt, Spectroscopy, 2 (1987) 40.
33 D.E. Jennings, A. Weber and J.W. Brault, Appl. Opt., 25 (1986) 284.
34 A. Mooradian and G.B. Wright, Solid State. Commun., 4 (1960) 43 1.
35 R. Zallen, M.L. Slade and A.T. Ward, Phys. Rev. B, 3 (1971) 4257.
36 R. Zallen and, M.L. Slade, Phys. Rev. B, 9 (1974) 1627.
37 R. Zallen, Phys. Rev. B, 9 (1974) 4485.
38 E.A. Vinogradov, G.N. Zhizhin, N.N. Melnik, S.I. Subbotin, et al., Phys. Stat. Solidi (B), 99
(1980) 215.
39 A. Polian, J.C. Chervin and J.M. Besson, Phys. Rev. B, 22 (1980) 3049.
40 B. Schrader and A. Simon, Proceedings of the 6th FTS Conference, August 24-28, 1987,
Vienna, Mikrochimica Acta, I1 (1988) 227.
41 D.B. Chase, in J.G. Grasselli and B.J. Bulkin (Editors), Chemical Analysis: A Series of
Monographs on Analytical Chemistry and Its Applications, Vol. 114, Wiley, New York, 1991, p.
21.
42 J.G. Radziszewski and J. Michel, Appl. Spectrosc., 414 (1990) 44.
Appendix
43 J.P. Coates, Appl. Spectuosc. Rev., 3 1 (1 996) 179.
Spectral interpretation literature
44 R.M. Silverstein, G.C. Bassler and T.C. Morril, Spectrometric Identi9cation of Organic
Compounds, Wiley, New York, 1980.
45 P.C. Painter, M.M. Coleman and J.L. Koenig, Theory of Vibrational Spectroscopy and its
Application to Polymeric Materials, Wiley, New York, 1982.
46 H. Ishida (Editor) Fourier Transform Infrared Characterization of Polymers, Plenum, New
York, 1987.
47 D.I. Bower and W.F. Maddams The Vibrational Spectroscopy of Polymers, Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge, 1989.
48 N.B. Colthup, L.H. Daly and S.E. Wiberley, Introduction to Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy,
3rd edn., Academic Press, San Diego, 1990.
xxxiii
49 W.J. Griddle and G.P. Ellis, Spectral and Chemical Characterization of Organic Compounds: A
Laboratory Handbook, Wiley, New York, 1990.
50 D. Lin-Vien, N.B. Colthup, W.G. Fateley and J.G. Grasselli, Infrared and Raman Characteristic
Group Frequencies, Academic Press, San Diego, 1991.
51 P. Hendra, C. Jones and G. Warnes, Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy. Instrumentation
and Chemical Applications, Ellis Horwood, Chichester, 199 1.
52 G. Socrates, Infrared Characteristic Group Frequencies, 2nd edn., Wiley, New York, 1994.
53 N.P.G. Roeges, A Guide to the Complete Interpretation of Infrared Spectra of Organic
Structures, Wiley, New York, 1994.
54 A.H. Fawcett (Editor), Polymer Spectroscopy, Wiley, New York, 1996.
55 A.H. Kuptsov, J. Forensic Sci., 39 (1994) 305.
56 A.A. Tager, Physics and Chemistry of Polymers, 2nd edn., Khimia, Moscow (1968) (in
Russian).
Spectral collections
57 Sprouse Collection of Infrared Spectra: Book I, Polymers, Sprouse Scientific Systems,
Charlotte, NC, 1987.
58 D.O. Hummel and F.K. Scholl, Atlas of Polymer and Plastics Analysis, Vols. 1-3, Verlag
Chemie, Weinheim, 198 1.
59 B. Schrader, Raman /Infrared Atlas of Organic Compounds, 2nd edn, VCH, Weinheim and
New York, 1989.
60 Infrared Spectra Atlas of Polymer Additives, Vols. 1-3, Sadtler Research Laboratories (Division
of Bio-Rad), Philadelphia, PA ,1987.
61 K.E. Sterin, V.T. Aleksanian and G.N. Zhizhin, Raman Spectra of Hydrocarbons: A Data
Handbook, Franklin, 1980.
62 J.D. Dillon, Infrared Spectroscopy Atlas of Polyurethanes, Technomic, 1989.
Acknowledgements
The authors are very grateful to Bruker Analytische Messtechnik GmbH and personally
to Dr J. Gast, Dr H. Somberg, Drs Uve and Barbara Eichoff for their kind attention, valuable
xxxiv
reviews of spectra quality and presentation of informational data. In particular, the authors are
grateful to Prof. Dr-Ing B. Schrader (Essen University) for inspiration of this work.
We are very grateful to Dr. B.G. Marshalko (Russian Federal Centre of Forensic Science)
for valuable help with data transfer from the Bruker spectrometer to a personal computer and for
further transformation of the data.
We also appreciate the help with information, substances and reviews from G.S.
Bezhanishvili, T.B. Chertkova, E.A. Kapitanova, L.O. Leontieva, I.Ya. Olkhova, and E.A.
Trossman, the members of the Russian Federal Centre of Forensic Science. Our thanks are
expressed to the following suppliers of polymer samples: B.G. Belenkaya, G.N. Gerasimov, G.V.
Kapustin, D.V. Pebalk, E.L. Popova (Karpov Institute of Physical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia),
E.G. Bulytcheva, R.A. Dvorikova, S. Evsiukov, T.I. Guseva, LA. Khotina, K.A. Mager, V.I.
Nedelkin, 1.1. Ponomarev, D.R. Tur (Nesmeyanov Institute of Organo-Element Compounds,
Academy of Sciences, RF, Moscow), L.M. Bolotina, N.N. Molotkova, V.K. Ninin, V.P.
Pshenitsyna, L.A. Slesareva (”0 “Plastmass”), I.V. Ikonitsky (S.V. Lebedev Central Research
Institute (VNII) of Synthetic Rubber, St. Petersburg, Russia), I.P. Kotova and G.S. Kupreeva
(NIIRP-Institute for Industry of Rubber); L.P. Semenova (Institute of Tyre Rubber); A.A.
Goncharov and A.M. Surin (”0 “Biotechnology”); I.D. Kuleshova (State Research and Design
Institute for Paint and Varnish Industry, NPO “Spectr”); D.A. Sukhov (S.-P. Technological
Institute of Pulp and Paper Industry); A.L. Kotiukova and T. Medvedeva (Mendeleev Institute of
Chemistry and Technology, Moscow, Russia); V.I. Donskikh (Central Institute of Railways,
Moscow); V. Demidov (Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences RF, Moscow); 0.1.
Mikhalev and L.V. Vladimirov (Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Academy of Sciences W,
Moscow); Dr. Masatoshi Hasegava, Toho University, Japan, and Dr. Rikio Yokota, Research
Centre for Advanced Science and Technology, Tokyo University, Japan.
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\tanddrd matcridl GOST 14925- 79 raw blend before vulcanuation
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0
[r
3
[r
? m
c3
N
I h
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I
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0
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0
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2 x
8
N
0
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%
85
i
0
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8 0
8 0
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8
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mi-
PACRNT.DX Compound name
(acrylonitri le-methylmcthacrylate) copolymer
- T--->
80 I d Synonym or TM
7 -1 60
%T
40
Kalinin, Russia
,General formula
C3H3N-C5H80
20 Sample form
N
111 C
-
[[25014-41-9] J
bc- -7 r- ---I
Number of entry
Class index
qtandard material, GOST 13232- Comments 79. content or MMA units about
0.8
0.6
a.u.
0.4
n 0.2
4M)O 3603 3200 2800 2400 2000 18M) 1600 1400 1 zoo
wavenumber (crn '1
1000 8GU 600 400
92
8 8 N
0
$2 (0
0
N
0
d
,I,
i
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x x
2
0
3 w
93
0
m
0
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94
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9
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3 0
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0
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95
0
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96
8 0
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0
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0
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4
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2 2
0
2
0
0
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8
97
?
98
99
2 x
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0
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0
00
100
0
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101
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9
0
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102
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103
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I
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104
0
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105
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:
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107
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0
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109
0
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0
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0
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8
110
X 0
0
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0
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0
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111
+ i
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0
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0
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\
112
X
9
6
X
CL 8 z
-------
0
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0
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P
I- 8
0
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2
2 x
2
113
t
114 "'-
0
(0
0
0)
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+ 8.
115
7
0
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0
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0
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0
co
PEG239.DX Compound name
80
60
40
20
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
I
Synonym or TM PEG 400
I I Source
General formula
C2H40
Sample form colourless liquid IR: KRS-5 cell 1 CAS number b25322-68-31 Number of entry
1239 Class index
Comments 11.2.1 . I . I
I
I, a.u.
1
3m 3200 2800 2400 1402 1200 1000 400 2000 1 (
wavenumber (cm”)
117
I ! ~
I=
I I
1
0 (v
I
0 (v
I I
u
I I -
X
2 s Y a 0
N
0
8 8
Q
c 8
I
IF-----
2 x
c9 0
118
X
9
Y kl n 0
8 (D
0
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P
H w
119
h
?
0
I .
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2 x
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2 0
m
0
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0
8 d
I- s-
120
ZI
T 0
ICI P
J
liiE
I EF
d
Q
121
?
122
0
s N
0
(0
0
m
123
124
X
-1
Y $ a
C
0
m
c
-8
2 x
2
125
X
2 z m
a 3
0
N
0
8 P
0
co
126
0
N
0
8 d
0
m
2 8
x -8 2
127
0
N
0
(D
0
a
I-
+ 8
i /B
129
0
(0
0
m
t
8
0
N
0
d
130
Ti
-I
0
W
0
N
E t
131
c 8
0
0
N
8 0
8
8 E?
0 0
m w 0
N
8
w
132 i
3 ::
0
W
0
OD
ir
c 8
-1
Compound name
polyphenylene
Source
Element Compounds Acad. Sci. RF, Moscow
General formula
C24H 160
Sample form
CAS number I I
11.2.1.1
Ar-CO-CH=C(CH3)-Ar end groups, n - 5 - 8
%T
a.u.
FLN434.DX
80
60
40
20
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
m 3600 3200 2800 2400 2000 1800 1600 1400 1202 1000 800 600 400 m
wavenumber (cm '1 c W w
134
0
P
0
(D
0
m
0
cu
135
i
0
m
0
8 ?
N
i 1
c9 0
x x
li
8
m 8 :: 8 N
0
N
8 w m w 8
136
X
2 m
t
B 3
0
a
0
m
I 11
11
2
I. - 2
2 x
2 0
cu
137
0
4
138
X
2 m t LL f
139
8
8
N
8
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IN
8
0
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0
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.- m
!
140 L s
3 0
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P
I- E
r
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I I
n
0-0
141
8
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142
c
-
0
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0
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Ic: I I
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x 2
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3 H N
0
m :: 8 8
143
0
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0
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9
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2 x
0
?
144
0
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0
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145
X
10 N
X
R B
0
3 8 N 0
N
8
0 0
2 w I
N
2 x
0
0
m
N
0
0
P
0
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146
147
z !I
I \I
a
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148
X
2 s n
a
a
I F i
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f
A- I I P U-0
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0
I
A
I
IN
V
I
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0
8 8
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ll h
3 a
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c 8
N
8
L
P a
149
8
I
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0
W
N
2 2
x 0
150
0
N
0
d
0
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I I
1
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w 0
1 w
151
i i 5 i
I
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I I
I I
0
8
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0
m
+ z
0
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I52
X
4
f 2 cn J
--T----
'1
i
-4 cu x
0
L
8
E a 9
co c a
L
153
I w
0
cu 0
d
0
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0
m
nn
nr-
154
X
s t s a
I I
E
1
I
0
N
0
d
0
(D
0
03
1--
8 H N
8 w 0
155
Ic
7
I
IN 0
I I 0
0-0 v
I '
I
0=0
I I
X
2 W
I- v)
w a
0
N
0
d
0
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0
156
X
9 6
a
8 8
8
I- E
I I
0
N
?
157
0
m
s 0
(0
158
i 8 8
w 8
I
159
i i \ i i I
i
0
N
0
d
0 a
0
00
4 i
I
N
0
d
x 0
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0
0
N
8 s 0
0
0
0
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0
2
3 !
0
0
0
N
8 cu 0
N
8
160
i
i 1:: X
cu m
W
2 a
m
0
9 N
0
W
0
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+ 8
01
H 0 0
:I
%
@4 0
9
2 2
0
161
162
0
N
0
d
0
(0
0
@a
c 8
163
8 'I 0
? 8
'0 0
0
:: 8 x
164
0
N
0
d
0
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0
m
c 8
s!
c
i
c9 0
d
N
z 0
0
8
0
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8
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w 0
0
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8 8
HZR252.DX Compound name
-~
~~~~ --I -~~ - - Synonym -~ or TM
-
Mendelcev Institute ot Chemistry and Technology, Mo\cow, Russia %T
-~
~- General formula
- - -_ - -
Sample form bnght yellow solid film/lR ca\t r tilm - -1
I 80
60
40
20
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
i - ----,
CAS number - I - - - - I
-
I-_- - Number of entry
Class index
Comments laboratory sample
1252 - - - ---I - - ~
11212--- 1 - - ~ ~
a.u
4000 3630 3200 2800 2400 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1M)o 800 600 400 200
wovenumber (cm ’)
166
X
n
0
m
s 0
W 1
I
0
N
8 x
=j
cq 0
167
i
168 I 2
i
:: 0
d
0
(D
0
m
2 x
x
0
0
N
0
8
0
8 8
m 0
0
:: 8 N w 8
8
169
FR1042.DX
-i\ T Compound name
80 1 Synonym or TM Macrolon
I
I I Source 60
%T
40
General formula C 16H 1403
I 1 Sample form colourless granule/ IR: cast film from DMFA
20
L l CAS number 1[24936-68-31 Number of entry .~
1139 Class index
Comments 11.2.1.2
0.8
(standard material, opticd organic glass 0.6
a.u.
0.4
0.2
4000 3200 21 1000 800 600 400 200 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 I 2400
wavenurnber (ern.')
171
172
0
m
r 0
N
0
d
0
W
x x
2 c9 0
173
174 L
0
m
0
N
0
d
0
(D
175
\
I 0-0
Il
l
I I
I- z
0
P
0
(D
0
m
+ 8
0
N
.
I
n! 2
x 0
w 8 0
0
0
0 0
N
176
0
N
0
d
0
ul
+ 8
'4
0
x
177
178
X
s s z W
LL
C
7
7 I
0-0
O-7 @ 2
--I I
8
;w
2--I
I .
I
0
co 0
3 N
0
lD
t 8
179
I
0
N
0
8 d
I- 8.
Ic
I - -I
I I -I
I 0
-0
I 0-0
-I-
0
z w 8 (u
0
cu 8
0
m :: w
180
X
0
LT
2 3 a
< c
0
m
0
(D
0
N
I
8 2--I I I
0-0
I
I
x 9
0
c9 0
181
II
0
N
0
d
0
(0
0
m
c9 0
x J
8
8
182
-I
T I i 0
-0 ko
II
'-i. I
I I
0
N
0
P
0
(D
x x
183
\ I I i
X
9
6
8 r 0
m
8
0
d
0
W
0
N
IG
?
184
0
ru 0
d
0 a
0
m
i
x t 0
8 0
8
z
185
2F====-
I
186
0
m
3 0
(D
c
8
0
N
~ A
c
I 0-0
0=0
q0b I
I
-1 I
2 2
x 2
IIIII
187
188
s 0
8 (D
t 8
0
N
2 x
2
189
!\
0
8 v
0
N
0
:: 8 8 5 0
0
0
0 0
N
h
3 35
; 5 v z 83
0
0
m 0
0
0
N
8 N
0 0
m
N
0
0
N
m
3 0
8
190
191
192 /--
c 8
?
193
T
i J
I
8 0
m
0
d
I- 8
0
cu x
x 2
1
2
~n
r
195
196
0
3 N
0
(0
F 8
r-r
2 0
(4
x -B 2
197
H 8 N
8
s
0
?
N
0
(0
0
m
0
w 8 c1 8
B
198
0
d
0
(D
0
W
k 8
11
7 0
N
199
0
N
0
8
d
!- 8
200
3 0
(D
0
a
I- 8
I-
-
0
cu
rlr
-
20 1
2 2
x 2
202
0
N
0
8 d
0
m
203
0
cu 0
8 d
0
W
c
ae
N
2 2
x 0
0
w
U RT553. DX h, 0 P
I
Compound name
(oxypropyleneglycol) copolymer K 80
k
Synonym or TM
Synthetic rubber SKU-DF2 - 60 Source
Acad. Sci. RF, Perm, Russia
40
General formula
Sample form 20
CAS number
Number of entry 1553 Class index 0.8
- 11.2.2.2 Comments
0.6
a.u.
0.4
/- hl 0.2
r ______
2000 1800 4 m 3600 3200 2800 1600 1400 1200 800 600 400
wovenumber (cm ')
205
X
4
m LL
I- a 3
VITUR.DX
80
N 0 Q\
Compound name
poly(urethan) '2
:i; I I
Ivanovo, Russia
60 - ,General formula , 40
I I Sample form elastic granules/ 1R: cast film from
CAS number I I
20
0.8
(810-85, thermoplastic polymer. 0.6
a.u.
0.4 1 L 0.2
1600 4ooo 3600 3200 2800 2000 18 1400 1200 800 600
wavenumber (cm ')
IMD453.DX Compound name
polyirmde based on 3,3',4,4- pyromelhtic dianhydnde and 5- bromide-phenylene- 1,3-d1amrnc
80 - 1
60
Nesmeyanov lnst Organo- rp Element Comp Acad Sci ~- , 1 %T
General formula 40
20 r16H5BrN2W -~ ~
Sample form orange-brown powder/ 1R diamond squeezed film 7 CAS number
-li
n 0
I-2
b3- --I ~~ __ 7 (1 2 2 3
Number of entry
Class index
J"
I 0.8
Comments
0.6
a.u.
0.4
c A L 0.2
\ *-A 2Mx) 1e
J
40m 3600 3200 2803 2400 1600 1400 1200 1 om 800 6M) 4M)
N 0 4 wavenumber (cm ')
208
c 8
209
I
i I
0
m
I----
c-4 0
9
2 2
0
0
w 8 w
210
0
* 0
(0
0
m
I- 8
0
N
21 1
0
0
CI
8 0
8
0
E 0
0
2
i
OB
O
0 Q
o I
0
P
0
(D
0
N
T
0
?
I
i
212
0
s N
0
lD
0
m 11
I4
L
i 7-
I
-
I 8 9 %
213
0
P
0
(0
t 8
0
N
t
x 0
cq 0
8
8
214
3 0
W
0
m
c 8
215
$1
0 0
2
I-
ll
I
c
::I
- I
Yl
F!
0
co 0 a
0
N
0
v
c 8
2 p.
2 0
216
Ic
.
Q
1 1
8 0
m
0
9 N
7r
-
IMD499.DX Compound name
naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride and di(hydroxypheny1)-methane-
diamine ..--J
1 i 80
60
1 40
source^^^^
Element Compounds Acad. Sci. RF, Moscow
General formula ~
p7zzzF I I Sample form 20
0.8
1 0
n OH
0 II " 0
OH
I GAS number
Number of entry
Class index 11.2.2.3
r y-1 1499 .______- ______ --I
\ i
Comments
0.6
L a.u. i 0.4 L 0.2
F
1E-
3600 800 bM) 400 1400 1200 lo00 2MM 1800 4000 3200 2800 2400
wavenumber (cm ')
218
L
I-
:: 0
8 d
0
OD
n 2
t 0
(4 0
w
g 8
A g 0
220
I
I
OB
O
0
N
0
d
0
(D
0
m
111
22 1
0
N
0
d
0
(0
c
z
PLIMD3.DX Compound name
Ipolyimide based on 3,3',4,4'- benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride and 4,4'- diaminotriphenylamine
8o I "
1 Source
6o I I
40 I
Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
- -
!a?& 200
General formula C35H 19N305
Sample form
squeezed film 0 u
? I
CAS number
Number of entry = _I.- I lL1 I I Class index 11.2.2.3 Comments
0.8 I
I
I 0.6 ~
0.4 I
/laboratory sample
a.u.
0.2
-.r
3600 4000 3200 2800 2400 2000 18 1600 1400 1200
wavenumber (cm")
1000 800 600 400
223
0
N
0
d
0
(0
0
OD
224 1
X
R n E
a 1
0
s 01
0
(D
0
m
ir
(9
t
2 0
0
225
226
X
Y
9
n
r -I a
7 I ! I I
4
0
W
0
m
0
cu
1
221
0
N
0
d
0
(0
0
OD
0=0
0=0
W~
-0-0
Y
7-
I
?
228 c 11
0-0, ,o-0
.. z
- I I
0
8 (0
.- 10
0
N
1 2
x 2
229
230
23 1
s 0
(D
0
m
0
N
C
' I
'
z I1 II 0
z
\I
232 v- c
Q
233
234
235
w
0
(0
0
m
0
N
0
d
r
c
236
237
0
N
0
d
0
(0
I- 8
8 t
0
238 I\ I
1L
I 0 I -
!! 'i Ir
-
e,
x
c a
- E E
c 8
239
NIZ483.DX h, P 0
I
Compound name
poly(naphthoylencbenzimidazolc)
d 80
I ___.I 60
Element Compounds Acad. Sci. RF, Moscow 40
J
General formula
1 I
squeezed film
20
I 0 n
I
CAS number 77 I I Number of entry
Class index
Comments
1483 ______ --3 [ 1.2.2.4 --I
I
0.8
0.6
a.u.
0.4
0.2
J - ___-
2000 1 3 m 3200 2800 2400 1600 200 1400 1200 1000 800 600
wavenumber (cm 9
24 1
0
9 N
0
ro 0
m
242
0
s N
0
W
0
co
243
i i 0
m
0
(0
0
d
2 0
c9 N
0
a
0
244
0
8 3
N
0
co
11
N
2 x
0
cq 0
;
245
0
m
0
N
'0
8 h! 0
s 2
x 0
246
X
ln
2 Y a a 0
(0
0
co
c 8
r-----
0
N
247
0
N
0
d
0
(0
0
OD @4
x 0
0
0
2
8 s 0
0
03 N
248
I -
X
:
m
m I
a a
0
s cu
0
(0
0
CD
+ 8
ii 0
'8
0
c9 2
x 2
249
7
250 r-----lr--
25 1
I L!
I0
-
0
hl
0
* 0
(D
x 2
'4
0
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252
X
2 a 3 2
0
5 0
E
0
n
0
..
.
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253
PSR208.DX Compound name
polysulphide rubber
is"-"- w 'I 80 I I Synonym or TM
60
%T
40
I Source
Institute, Russia
I
CAS number - 20 I r
I
Number of entry 1208 Class index 11.2.4 Comments lstandard material, sealant, sulphur
0.8
0.6
a.u.
0.4
icontent 38-40%
I
0.2
_I__J
2000 1800 1600
- d 200 4000 3600 3200 2800 2400 1400 1200 800 600 400
wavenumber (mi')
255
4,
i i 1
.
256 i-;-
I
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l- I
1
9 0
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251
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2
AFS492.DX Compound name
\ 80
I I 60
%T Element Compounds Acad. Sci. RF, Moscow 40
20
squeezed film
CAS number J”
0.8
Comments
disulfide units 0.6
am.
0.4
J 1.1 0.2
p’ 1600 1 000 200 4 m 3603 3200 2800 2400 2000 18 1400 1200 800 600
wavenumber (cm ‘1
259
X
n
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0
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285
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294
295
ABC202.DX N W Q\ Compound name
acetate-butyrate cellulose
1: 80
Synonym or TM
Paint &Varnish Industry, Moscow, RF
60
%T
40 I General formula
C16H2408 Sample form lwhite powder/ IR: diamond 1
C14H2008-Cl8H2808-
20
squeezed film
CAS number 1[9004-36-8] Number of entry
Class index I 1 * c I
1202
V
0.8 PH2
11 .L.J 1 Comments /standard material, component for I automobile paint coatings. Structure and general formulae represent some of statistical units
0.6
a.u.
0.4 /\JfldLL 1 I‘;
L
1000 800 600 400 200 1800 1600 1400 1200 3600 3200 2800 2400 2000 4000
0.2
wavenurnber (mi‘)
Compound name
poly(viny1 butyral) - -~
1 source- -
ONPO Plastpolymer, St Pctersburg, Russia
L- -~ - - 2
General formula
1402 1 l------J Sample form white powder/ IR: diamond squeezed ti I m 1 r Number of entry
Class index 1 2 i i -
1F5--p -1
%T
a.u.
4 wavenurnber (cm ')
298
0
0
m
(D
/i
299
iI 1
300
X
n
8
0
m
0
N
0
d
2 2
x ?
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8 8 N
0
0
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0
w 8
301
?
302 L
.I
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m
b I 1
I
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304
305
306
0
d
0
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0
0)
t- 8
0
N
2 x
2 c9 0
Compound name
poly(viny1 butyral) - -~
1 source- -
ONPO Plastpolymer, St Pctersburg, Russia
L- -~ - - 2
General formula
1402 1 l------J Sample form white powder/ IR: diamond squeezed ti I m 1 r Number of entry
Class index 1 2 i i -
1F5--p -1
%T
a.u.
4 wavenurnber (cm ')
308
0
0
0
(D
d
N
0
m
r
I
?
309
310
31 1
312
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9
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a
v,
Ir
-
313
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8
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3 14 2.
315
316
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cu
r
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$ x
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N
N
I
8
Compound name
'(methylmethacrylate-styrene- 1 lacry lonitrile) copolymer
!
C5H802-CSH8-C3H3N
Sample form transparent granule/ IR: cast film from DMFA
%T
a.u.
318
0
0
0
0)
(D
d
0
N
- I I
r- M
319
320
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N
lil -7
321
322 !i 0
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323
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325
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328
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332
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333
334
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335
0
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336
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338
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w
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i
KlTFXl .DX Compound name
~~~~
80
60
40
20
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
source- ~ ~ -
V E Chemisch-Technischc Werkc, Leiprig I
i
~ - - ~ - -
General formula
-1 LII - - - ~
I Sample form colourless film/lR drled film on KBr disk
CAS number
Number of entry
Class index
Comments
@jiii-TGii I ~ 1
b r z = y = 7
a.u.
3600 3200 2800 4000 W W \o
wavenumber (Cm ')
340
KGE236.DX Compound name
Synonym or TM r -p---~ 1 60
_ _ ~ - - - i:- V sourcepp -- ___
Plastmass Zavod, Bravarsk, Russia r 20
0.8
0.6
~ p - - ~
CAS number
Number of entry
Class index
Comments
L3L--- - - 1 ~
PI---- -1
a.u.
0.4
n A 0.2
1400 1200 1000 800 m 2800 24M) Zoo0 1800 40M) 3633 3200
wavenumber (cm ')
342
r J
2==
0
3 N
0
fn
0
m
I- 8
1.-
I--
2 0
x 2
'4
343
344
0
a
0
0
0
(D
P
cu
c
ae
7-
h! 2
0
x 0
9
8 N
8 N
0
0
2
8
Compound name
Synonym or TM [ h ; l o p h o x I -~--p-
Sourcepp ~
Corporation,Kotlas, Russia
General formula ------
-------
Sample form -- -
Number of entry
Class index E4=-- __ - 7
7
80
60
40
20
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
h
Comments standard material wood tar component
a.u.
I
800 600 400 1400 1200 1000 K) 1600 W P vl
4oM) 3600 3200
wavenumber (cm ‘1
346
'I
m $
L
YI
a
WI
0
(0
ll
347
348
0
3 cu
0
(D
0
OD
c 8
GEPRND.DX
:II 20
CAS number
Number of entry
Class index :I*
Comments
~ 0 ~ 0 8 - l l - 7 7
m- 7 0 8
06 1 ::: 1 a.u. 0.4
0.2 c -
/- I- 1 1600 1400 1200 loo0
wovenumber (crn ‘1
800 600 4030 3600 3200 2800 w
P \o
3 50
-1
0
N
0
P
0
8 (D
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0
P
351
8 N 0
w w m
k
3
352
X
ft (D
cu t 0
0
8 (D
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8 0
0
m
N
8 w 8
353
354
355
0
N
0
d
0
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I- 8
356
357
I
358
X
u. 2 m
3 (3
0
m
0
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N
+ 8
359
3 60
c 8
361
?
3 62
363
3 64
365
367
I----- >
1; ?
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hl 0
d
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368
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0
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369
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310
0
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0
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t 8
---..,
-.I:
2 ---
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: 2 a
2 2
x 2
GER289.DX
p~
acrylic resin
~ p . ~ ~ - - 1 Synonym or TM Anaterm- 103 1
80
60
Kargln htltute of Polymers, Pilot tdctory, Dzerrhinsk, Russ~d 1 sourcep ~
~ p - ~ -
General formula
~ p p -- -1 I r-- Sample form yellowish solid IR diamond squeered film
CAS number
Number of entry
Class index
1 ~ ~ - p - -
I=-- - - 1 b i i - y p p 7 k 4 x 1 5 _____ _____ - 1
%T
40
20
0.8
Comments
83, hardened sealant material, TU 6-01-2-656-
0.6
a.u.
0.4
0.2
200 800 600 400 3200 2800 2400 Zoo0 4000 3600
wavenumber (Cm ')
372
X 0 7
\
0
4)
I 1
373
d
2 0
h! 0
0
-3 0
W
I- 8
GER286.DX Compound name
I'; a0 I I
Synonym or TM Anaterm-8K
L Source 60
J Kargin Institute of Polymers, Pilot factory, Dzerzhinsk, Russia
,General formula , 40
20
0.8
0.6
0.4
------l /yellowish solid/ IR: diamond squeezed film
CAS number
Number of entry
Class index
- 1286
(1.4.ul.I .7
86, hardened sealant
a.u.
0.2
c 4000 3600 2000 1800 1600 1400 12co 800 600 400 200
wavenurnber (crn I )
375
0
N
0
,i3 d
0
OD
k
8
376
8 8 N
0
w 8 N
m
K42 1 02.DX
-- Compound name
rcsm
80 ----I
Synonym or TM
60
1 40
%T
-~ - - - ~ 1 Yaroslavl, Russia
source- - -- -
;J \
(Genersl f o r m e
20
CAS number
Number of entry
Class index
Comments
i-z=:::1 r-rrr7 l142~Ir1
0 8
06
J"
L NH
I CH OH
a.u. I 0.4
0.2
L 3 1600 8M) Mx) 400 1400 1200 1 om 2000 1 4000 3 m 3200 2800 2400 W
4 4
wavenumber (cm.')
PMGFOS. DX Compoundname - - _ - glyphlhalic alkyd coating
-- Synonym or TM IResin GF-05 based paint coating I
80
:__I 60 Source
%T
40
,General formula -_ _
1 I I I I
L--- I 20
I
CAS number I -
Number of entry
166 -2
11 4 2 - - 1 -
Class index
Corn m e n t s .clandad matcnal, autorriobilc paint coating
'
0.8
0.6
0.4
a.u.
0.2
.- ._ . ..-
200 3200 2800 2400 20w ldoo 1200 1000 800 600
wavenumber (cm~')
379
0
d
0
8 W
0
N
x
w 8 0
8
0
8 E 8 N 0
IW
380
1
X
0
d
2 a
5 0
d
0
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m
t 8
382
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9
8 4
(0
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m
0
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---- ll
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383
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0
m
0
hl
---
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384 c
0
m
:: 0
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385
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386
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mr
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387
388
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389
390
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392
393
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396
397
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398
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403
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ln
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405
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hl
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8 8
d
t- 8
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1
x
406
0
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0
d
0
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407
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408
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c 8
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;
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Compound name
Synonym or T M
peneral formula C7H7N02-C30H28B 1002
Sample form Lolid yellow glassy/ IR diamond 1
Comments
%T
a.u.
wavenumber (crn ‘1
P
410
0
W
0
m
0
9 N
c
8
71
2 0
(4 -8
x 0
N
41 1
0
N
0
d
0
W
0
m
k
z
x x
412
FLB430.DX Compound name
(pheny1ene)-(phenylene- carborane) copolymer I- F 1 'y- T
60 F i r Z r g i Source -1 %~
Element Compounds Acad. Sci 40
20 Sample form
Number of entry
Class index 0.8 1430 I 12 2 7
L
Comments laboratory sample
0.6
a.u.
0.4
J
0.2
J-
1400 1200 1000 800 600 3m 3200 28M) 2400 4oM) c
W
wavenumber (Cm ')
414
7r
-
- diamond
I-- ~ ---I
Sample form colourless crystal faced in I I CAS number
Number of entry
Class index
Lpp--l 1394-1rrr7 [3-----J
%T
a.u.
wavenurnber (cm '1
0
OD 0
0
(D
d
k 8
0
N
N
8 8 N
0
0
%
w 8
HAP276.DX Compound name
hydroxide
~~- ~ --
white powder/lR.dlamond
CAS number
"12167-74-71 7 Number of entry
b6-- - 1 Class index
Comments
general formula CalO(OH)2(P04)6 laboratory sample, tentative
1 __---
1 ~ - ~ ~ ~ -
%T
a.u
wavenumber (cm '1
418
ii w
x I- [r
W
4 z 0
hl
0
8 d
x
x
1
nn
-
!I !
I -0
B II
!I
419
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f P i
0
N
0
d
0
8
(D
/I
2 x
2
I 10
8
1
8 0
d
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m
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x
0 0
N
42 1
422
3 0
0
4)
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0
(u
2 c 8
x '9 0
~
tricresyl phosphate
“Polymerfilm” tactory, Ruwa
~~~-~~
CAS number
“1330-78-51 Number of entry
Class index
Comments
49 p - ~ 1 - ~ - 7 1 4 1
%T
a.u.
P h) W
wavenumber (cm ‘)
424
X
9
R Y a
--T-
I
i’
i I
-,
-%=
_I
0
(D
0
CO 0
N
0
d
x x
PLCZO5.DX
d- 80
60
%T
40
General formula
-1 Sample form
20
CAS number
Number of entry
Class index
i_:IIrI:7 61-------1
)41----- -1
0
0.8
Comments standard material, plasticiier
-------
0.6
a.u.
0.4
I \ n
0.2
IY 200 800 m 4cQ 1800 1600 1400 1200 2000
1 000 3200 2800 2400
wavenumber (cm ')
426
i-
421
428
X
n
F
0
N
0
0
8 (D
d
c 8
r-------
/I
429
X
:
m m
I- 0
a i
0
m
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0
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0
d
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430
0
m
0
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0
0
(D
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P c
3
W
0
0,
0
P
0
N
0
-
1% I.
I EP
432
433
0
m
0
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0
d
0
cu
i
I< i
434
0
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0
m
0 0
2
435
436 i X
0 0 0
8 i2 0
cu 0
d
0
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UJ 2
x x
2
437
N
x 0
m
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0
0
0
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0
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4 !
w 0
8 8 w 1
-
X
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P 7-
B
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I-
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440
44 1
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0
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a
0
@a
0
d
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x x
442
IG0006.DX Compound name -
-p-pp--_I
--p-
_ _ _ _ p - p ~
CAS number
Number of entry
Class index fiE- - - --7 ~
q2--------1
1
i 80
60
40
20
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
t
OH Comments standard sample
I ___pp-p--
a.u
1 I 6 0 0 1400 1200 1M)o 800 600 m
wavenumber (cm '1
3200 2000 18 4 m 3600 P P w
0
(0
0
m
c 8
0
d
0
N
445
446
s 0
0
m
W
0
cu 2
‘4 ?
0
0
IGPBCR.DX Compound name
80
60
%T
40
20
CAS number
Number of entry
Class index
Comments
standard sample
b7758-97-61 ~P 7 b2-- ~ -1 -
b I ~ ~ . P ~ P.
0.8
..1
0.6
a.u.
0.4
0.2
200 400 1400 1200 1000 3200 28CQ 2400 P
P 4
wavenumber (cm ‘1
448 i I ,
449
I I '7
I i II
0
05
TI
i-
ii
-=====I
t
2 x
0
N
0
0
R 8 0
8
H E 8 (u
8
2
3 8 2
w 8 N 0
N
8
w m 3 E e
450
45 1
I- s?
452
45 3
X
0
3 9 P 0
N
0
d
0
%
(0
c9 0
454
E m 3 0
i
P
0
0
m
(D
0
3 N
2
t
2 2
0
455
456
0
s cu
0
W
0
m
457
c
?
s?
45 8
X
;
z
a P
I I
i 0
N
0
3 d
0
OD
c 8
2 0
x 2
(4
8 0
N
8
IGRUTL.DX Compound name
~
80
r ------- 1 60
rutile
Source
1 %T 40
Reachem, Russia
I -p----
SynonymorTM
-------
-----
Generalformula
1 20 I"-- - ~ - p - -
white powder/ IR. KBr pellet
CAS number
Number of entry
Class index
-----I1 FKp - --I -- F3- - - :::1
0 8
//
0.6
a.u.
0.4
0.2
_--- 0 1600
-̂--I- - -- 400 200 800 600 1400 1200 1 000
4000 3600 3200 2800 2400
wavenumber (cm
460
X
4 0
z
N
i2
8 s
:: 2
0
4)
9 0
CYS460.DX
Compound name
I-cystein
80 -~---- - - I
Synonym or TM
60
I- -p--------
%T
40
"Soyuzreactiv",Moscow, Russ~a
-
fiemxal formula --
C3H7N02S 'J ~~
OH
I I I
o=c
CH-CH2--SH
N"2
20
Comments standard sample
i -~
0.6
a.u.
0.4
0.2
+ -- -
4000 3600
wavenumber (cm ')
462
463
RBZ352. DX P Q\ P
Compound name ribose
80
1 60
%T
40 General formula C5H 1005
I Sample form 20
I I CAS number
Number of entry I?c? 1
b50-69-11 1
0.8
standard material 0.6
am.
0.4
4 0.2
1600 1400 12M) 1wO 200
wavenurn ber (ern.')
XLZ355.DX Compound name
n
80
60
40
20
0.8
0.6
0.4
Source
General formula
form white s o l d IR diamond squcued
CAS number
Number of entry
Class index
Comments
b58-86-61 1 c 1 14 4 I
%T
a.u.
0.2
loo0 800 600 400 200 1400 1200 m 3600 3200 2800 2400
wavenumber (cm ')
467
m
m
468
469
470
47 1
472
I-======
0
m
0
8 *
0
N
c9 0
47 3
8
0
4
475
I- s
i
476
0
(D
0
m
m
R 0
*
477
Q
?
478
479
480
X
b
w
W
a r
a
48 1
X
;
d
W I
n
/
f
0
00
irj'
0
N
0
d
0
(0
?
2 0
x 2
'9
0
8 w 0
8
Q
N
0
0
R
0
3 8
482
X
4 6
d a
II: +
a 0
2
0
I
6;
0
8 ln
t 8
0
P
?
483
I I >-=- If
+
484
Compound name
1,3-diglycidyl-oxyhenLene I pp ~ pp - -
%T
a.u.
wavenumber (cm ‘1
486
487
488
X
2 In N" a (I) 0
Q)
0
N
I 1 2;
1" 2
z
N
x 0
'4 0
489
490
t- 8
49 1
492
0
s N
0
(D
t 8 r
Og
0
2 2
x 2
4 .- P
493
494
:: 0
m
s 0
N
2 2
x
495
t
0
0
d
0
N
2 x
0
(D
0
m
496
X
b
? 4
a
r
I
0-0-0
0
3 hl
0
(0
0
CO
2 t
2 2
0
497
a 8 8 0
8
X
9
m
a a
7
v)
m
L
0
N
0
d
0
rD
0
m
0
4 (u
8
1%
lm
CLB349.DX
cellobiose
P W 00
80
60
40
20
0.8
0.6
0.4
I
Source
Slovakia
I
General formula
CASnumber b528-50-71 -1 Number of entry
Class index
Comments
1349 1 (4.4/1.2.5 1
OH OH OH OH
~
___I
1600
:::; a.u.
0.2
x' 3200 2800 3600 2000 1800
400 1000 800 600 1400 1200
wovenumber (cm ')
499
500
0
m
0
(D
0
d
w 0
w 0
w
501
Alphabetical compound name index
Compound name
(1,2-bis(oxymethyl)carborane)-(diphenylolpropane-carbonate) copolymer
( 1,2-bis(oxyphenyl)-carborane)-(diphenylolpropane-carbonate) copolymer
(1,6-bis((4-carbonyl)-phenoxy)-hexa-2,4-diyn)-(hexanediamine) copolymer cross-linked
( 1,6-bis((4-carbonyl)-phenoxy)hexa-2,4-diyn)-( 1,3-phenylenediamine) copolymer cross-linked
( 1,6-bis((4-carbonyI)-phenoxy)hexa-2,4-diyn)-( 1,4-phenylenediamine) copolymer
( 1,6-bis((4-carbonyl)-phenoxy)hexa-2,4-diyn)-(hydroquinone) copolymer
( 1,6-bis((4-carbonyI)phenoxy)hexa-2,4-diyn)-( 1,3-phenylenediamine) copolymer
( 1,6-bis((4-carbonyl)phenoxy)hexa-2,4-diyn)-(ethylenediamine) copolymer
( 1,6-bis((4-carbonyl)phenoxy)hexa-2,4-diyn)-(hexanediamine) copolymer cross-linked
( 1,6-bis((4-carbonyI)phenoxy)hexa-2,4-diyn)-resorcino1) copolymer
(4,4'-diphenyloxide diacid chloride)-( 1,3-~henylenediamine) copolymer
(4,4'-diphenyloxide diacid chloride)-(4,4'-diphenyl(2-~yan)diamine) copolymer
(acrylamide-methylene-bis acrylamide) copolymer
(acrylate-acrylonitrile) resin
(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) copolymer
(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) copolymer
(acrylonitrile-methylmethacrylate) copolymer
(acry lonitrile-vinylchloride) copolymer
(alkylarylenebenzophenonimide)-(siloxanebenzophenonimide) copolymer
(allylcyanacry late)-(bis(methacry1ate- 1,4-phenylene-oxy- I ,4-phenylene)carborane) copolymer
(allyIcyanacrylate)-(bis-(ethynyl-phenoxy-phenyl)carborane)copolymer
(allyIcyanacrylate)-(bis-methacrylate-diphenylolpropane) copolymer
(bis(4,5-dicarboxynaphtho-l-yl)-1',3'-benzene) dianhydride and bis(3,3'- aminopheny1ene)-
hexafluorodiphenylolpropane based polyimide
(bis(4,5-dicarboxynaphtho-I-yl)-l',3'-benzene) dianhydride and bis(3,3'-aminophenylene)-
diphenylolpropane based polyimide
(bis-(gamma-aminopropyltetramethyl)siloxane) and (3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic
dianhydride) based polyimide
(butadiene-dimethan)-(oxypropyleneglycol) copolymer
(butadiene-diurethan-dicarbamide)-(dihydroxy-diurethan-isoprene-butadiene) copolymer
(butadiene-diurethan-dicarbamide)-(oxypropyleneglycol) copolymer
(butadiene-diurethan-dicarbamide)-(oxypropyleneglycol) copolymer
(butadiene-diurethan-dicarbamide)-(slloxane) copolymer
(butadiene-methylstyrene) copolymer
(butadiene-styrene) copolymer
(butadiene-styrene-acrylate) copolymer
(butylcyanacrylate)-(pentamethyldisiloxanemethoxyethyl-( 1 -methyl,4-cyan)pentadienate) copolymer
Page
406-408
412
42
36
38
34-35
39
32
40-41
33
179
185
95
373-374
308
3 12
91-92
307
396-400
410
409
320
227
228
395
204
200-201
198-199
2 0 2 - 2 0 3
401-402
324
311
313
3 94
(chloroprene-dichlorobutadiene) copolymer
(chloroprene-dichlorobutadiene) copolymer
(chloroprene-dichlorobutadiene) copolymer
(dimethyl-si1oxane)-(methyl-phenyl-siloxane) copolymer
(dimethylsi1oxane)-(diethylsiloxane) copolymer
(dimethylsi1oxane)-(methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer
(dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane-methy~phenylsiloxane) copolymer
(ethylene oxide)-(propylene oxide) copolymer
(ethylene-propylene) copolymer
(ethylene-propylene) copolymer diene modified
(ethylene-vinylacetate) copolymer
(formaldehyde-dioxolane) copolymer
(g1ycolide)-(caprolactone) copolymer
(g1ycolide)-(para-dioxanone) copolymer
(hydr0xy)dihexadecylphosphate
(isophthalic diacid chloride)-(4,4'-dipheny1(2-~yan)oxydiamine) copolymer
(maleinate-phthalate-styrene) resin
(methylmethacrylate-methacrylate-ethylmethacrylate) copolymer
(methylmethacrylate-styrene) copolymer
(methylmethacrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile) copolymer
(methylvinylpyridine-butadiene) copolymer
(naphthalenimidobenzimidazole)-(quinazoline) copolymer
(oxypropyleneglycol-dicarbamide-tetrahydrofuran-diurethan)-(siloxane) copolymer
(pheny1ene)-(phenylene-carborane) copolymer
(styrene-acrylonitrile) copolymer
(styrene-divinylbenzene) copolymer
(terephthalic diacid chloride)-(4,4'-dipheny1(2-~yan)oxydiamine) copolymer
(tetrafluoroallyl-cyanacrylate)-(trichlorobutadiene) copolymer
(trifluoromethyl-cyanacrylate)-(trichlorobutadiene) copolymer
1,2-bis(oxymethyl)carborane
1,2-bis(oxyphenyl)-carborane
1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraen
1,3-diglycidyl-oxybenzene
1,4-dioxan-2-one
2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-ethynyl-4-piperidine
2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-ethynyl-4-piperidinol
2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-tetracosane
acetate cellulose
acetate-butyrate cellulose
52
54
60-64
391
390
3 89
392
325-326
305
299-304
306
115
144
143
421
180
158
315
316
317-319
329
323
335
403-404
413
32 1-322
109
181
310
309
405
41 1
479
485
463
483
484
5
292
296
acrylic resin
agarose
alkyd ruby paint
aluminum silicate hydroxide
amylum
arabinose
asparagine
aspartic acid
barium sulphate
bee venom phospholipase A2
beta-alanine
beta-indoly l-alpha-aminopropionic acid
beta-phenyl-alpha-alanine
beta-pheny I-beta-alanine
bipheny lene-dianhy dride-dianiline
bipheny lene-dianhydride-metha-diethy !aniline
bipheny lene-dianhydride-ortho-diethylaniline
bipheny he-dianhydride-para-diethylaniline
bipheny lenedianhydride
bisphenol A epoxy resin hardened
bright orange anthraquinone dye
calcium carbonate
calcium phosphate tribasic hydroxide
calcium sulphate dihydrate
Canada balsam
casein
cellobiose
cellulose cotton
cellulose triacetate
chromium oxide
cis-poly(butadiene)
cis-poly (pentenamer)
cystein
cystine
dextran
dextran
dextran epichlorohydrin linked
diamond
dibutyl phthalate
didodecyl phthalate
370-372
29 1
380
453
285
497
S O 0
499
452
333
496
482
48 1
480
492
495
494
493
489
363-364
438
446
417
45 1
340
330
498
282
294
456
1s
20
46 1
470
286
288
289
41s
420
426
504
diethy laminoethyl cellulose
diethylaminoethyl sepharose
diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A polyamine hardened
dioctyl phthalate
dioctyl sebacate
diphenylolpropane-formaldehyde novolak resin
diphenylolpropane-formaldehyde resol resin
dulcitol
dye Bordo CM
dye Bordo K
dye bright red S
dye orange G
dye pink G
dye red 2 CM
dye red 5s
dye red G
dye red S
dye scarlet N
dye yellow 4K
dye yellow stable
dye yellow stable 2 2 A
dye yellow stable Z
epichlorohydrin rubber
epichlorohydrin rubber
epoxidized plant oil
epoxy resin
epoxy resin hardened
gelatine
glucose
glue "Mokol"
glue Tesa Coll
glutamic acid
glycogen
glyphthalic alkyd coating
hardwood pulp
heparin
heparinoid C
histidine
hydrous magnesium silicate
Inerton
295
293
3 62
424
425
360
359
475
445
43 7
442
443
44 1
440
435
444
436
439
434
43 1
433
432
121
123
347
365
361
33 1
472
367
3 66
469
287
378
283
290
349
478
448
418
insulin porcine
isoprene & chloroprene rubbers blend
kolophonium glycerol ester
kolophonium-maleinate resin
lead chromate
lecithin egg
lysine-HC1
maleinate resin, bromide modified
maltose
machinery oil
melamine-acrylate resin
melamine-alkyd enamel
melamine-formaldehyde resin
melamine-triazinone-formaldehyde resin
melibiose
methionine
naphthalenimide copolymer
natural pine-needle resin
natural rubber
natural softwood lignin
nitrocellulose
nitrocellulose
norleucine
norvaline
octadecanoic acid barium salt
octadecanoic acid calcium salt
octadecanoic acid lead salt
octadecanoic acid lithium salt
para-pheny lene-diaminediphthalate
para-pheny lenediamine
paraffin
Parafilm M
pentaphthalic alkyd resin
phenol-formaldehyde resin
pine resin
poly( 1,3-phenoxy- 1 ,4-phenylene- 1,4-phenoxy- 1,3-phenylene-pyromellitimide)
poly( 1,3-phenylene-(bis(propargyl))-phthalamide)
poly( 1,3-phenylene-(propargyloxy)terephthalamide)
poly( 1,3 -pheny he-(propargy1oxy)terephthalate)
poly( 1,3-phenyIene-isophthal-amide)
332
368
34 1
342
447
348
474
160
487
369
3 84
382-383
377
375-376
486
468
328
344
19
343
338
339
473
466
422
42 1
430
429
49 1
477
4
13
379
355-356
345
220
37
28
27
178
5 06
poly( 1,3-phenylene-oxide)
poly( 1,4-dioxyanthraquinone-carbonate)
poly( 1,4-phenoxy- 1,4-phenylene-(trichloromethyl)-rnethylene)
poly( 1,4-phenoxy- 1,4-phenylene-isopropylidene- 1,4-phenoxy-phenylene-sulphone)
poly( 1,4-phenoxy- l,4-phenylene-isopropylidene-phenoxy-phenylene-sulphone-diphenylene-su~phone)
poly( 1,4-phenoxy-bromophenylene)
poly( 1,4-phenoxy-phenylene-ethyne)
poly( 1,4-phenylene-(4-(4'-methoxy-4-diphenyloxy)-butoxy)terephthalamide)
poly( 1,4-phenyIene-(propargyloxy)terephthalamide)
poly( 1,4-phenyIene-carbodiimide)
poly( 1,4-phenylene-sulfide- 1,4-phenylene-sulphone)
poly( 1,6-dicarbazolyl-2,4-hexadiyne)
poly(2,6-diphenyl-n-phenyleneoxide)
poly(2-propenoic acid,-2-cyano-2-(2-propenyloxy-ethylester))
poly(2-propenoic acid,-2-cyano-2-(2-propenyloxy-ethylester)) cross-linked
poly(4-methyl- 1 -penten)
poly(cyanurate)- poly(bis-maleinimide) mutually penetrating net
poly(di( 1.4-phenoxy- 1.4-phenylene)-sulphone)
poly(di(oxy- 1,4-phenylenesulfonyl- 1,4-phenylene))
poly(ether-ether-ketone )
poly(para-dioxanone)
poly(para-xylylene)
polyacenaphthenylene
polyacrylamide
polyadenine
polyally I-oxy-isopropy 1-cyanacrylate
polyallyl-oxy-isopropyl-cyanacrylate cross-linked
polyallyl-oxy-propyl-cyanacrylate cross- linked
polyamic acid based on 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and tetramethyl-phenylene-1,4-
diamine
polyamide 6 modified
polyamide based on ((4-phenyl)-benzoyloxy)-terephthalic acid and 1,3-phenylenediamine
polyamidocarboxylic acid based on 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and cyclohexyl- 1,4-
diamine
polyamidocarboxylic acid based on 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and oxydianiline
polyamidocarboxylic acid based on 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and para-phenylene
diamine
polyaminophenylene-sulfide
polyarylamide
127
165
130
267-269
271-273
129
26
188
29
23 1
259
43
132
98
99
11-12
336
266
262-263
87-89
145
256-257
25
135-136
93-94
252
100
101
102
184
353
186
183
187
182
258
233-234
polyarylamide
polybis-maleinimide
polybis-trifluoroethy laminophosphazene
polybromopheny lene
polybutadiene ester
polybutadiene-Na
polybuty lacry late
polybuty leneterephthalate
polycaprolactam
polycarbosilan
polychloroprene
polychloroprene
polycyanacrylate
polycyanurate
polycyclooctenamer
polydibutylaminophosphazene
poly diethy laminophosphazene
polydiethy leneglycolsuccinate
polydihexy laminophosphazene
polydimethylaminophosphazene
polydimethy lsiloxane
polydiphenylolpropanecarbonate
polydodecanamide
polyepichlorohydrin
polyepoxypropy lcarbazole
polyester unsaturated
polyester unsaturated, bromide modified
polyethy lacry late
polyethylene
polyethylene chlorinated
polyethylene chlorosulfonated
polyethylene high pressure
polyethylene low pressure
polyethy lene-imine
polyethy leneglycol
polyethy leneglycoladipate
polyethy leneglycolphthalate
polyethyleneglycolsebacate
polyethy lenegly colsuccinate
polyethy leneterephthalate
245-246
104
251
68
3 14
14
84
156
172-174
393
53
55-59
96
242
23-24
249
248
149
250
247
3 88
166-170
176
122
131
16 1- 164
159
83
3
66
90
1
2
229-230
116-118
148
154
157
147
151-153
poly ethy leneterephthalate
polyfluoroethylene
polyglycolide
polyhexamethy leneadipamide
polyhexamethy lenesebacateamide
polyimide based on (1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride) and (diphenyl-disulfonic acid)
diamine
polyimide based on 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride and di(hydroxypheny1)-methane-
diamine
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride and 4,4'-diaminotriphenylamine
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride and 5-bromide-1,3-phenylene-
diamine
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride and 9,10-bis(para-
aminopheny 1)-anthracene
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and 9,1O-bis(para-aminophenyl)-
anthracene
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and cyclohexyl- 1 ,4-diamine
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and oxydianiline
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and para-phenylene-diamine
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and tetramethyl-l,4-phenylene-
diamine
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-oxydiphthalic dianhydride and (4-tetrafluoroethyloxy)-1,3-phenylene-
diamine
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-oxydiphthalic dianhydride and 5-bromide- 1,3-phenylene-diamine
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-oxydiphthalic dianhydride and oxydianiline
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-oxydiphthalic dianhydride and para-phenylene-di(oxyani1ine)
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-pyromellitic dianhydride and 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-pyromellitic dianhydride and 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-pyromellitic dianhydride and 5-bromide-phenylene- 1,3-diamine
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-pyromellitic dianhydride and 9,1O-bis(para-aminophenyl)-anthracene
polyimide based on 3,3,-bis(3',4'-dicarboxyphenyl)phthalide dianhydride and 9,lO-bis(para-
aminopheny1)-anthracene
polyimidobenzimidazole with bisphenol-A linkages
polyisobutylene
polyisoprene
polyisoprene vulcanized
polylactide
polymethacrylic acid
polymethylene oxide
polymethylmethacrylate
155
47
140-142
175
177
105
217
222
214
225
224
212
218
210-211
216
215
213
219
22 1
208
209
207
223
226
24 1
10
16-17
18
146
74
112-113
75-8 1
509
polymethylmethacrylate resin
polynaphthoy lenebenzimidazole
polynaphthoylenebenzimidazole
polynaphthoylenebenzimidazole
polyoxadiazole
polyoxy- 1,4-phenylenesulfonyl- 1 ,4-phenylene
polyoxy- 1,4-phenylenesulfonyl[ 111'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl
polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate
polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate
polyoxymethylene
polyoxymethylene
polyoxyphenylene-sulfide
polyoxypropy leneglycol-diurethan-dicarbamide
polyoxypropy leneglycoldiurethan
polypentenamer - trans
polyphenoxy-dipheny lene-ethyne
po lypheny lene
polypheny lene
polypheny lene
polyphenylene sulphone
polypheny lene-carborane-ethyne
polyphenylene-oxide modified
polypropanone
polypropylene
polypropylene glycol
polypropy lene-oxide
polyquinazoline with phenylene ether linkages
polyquinazoline with phenylene ether linkages
polyquinazolone with phenylene ether linkages
polyquinazolone-quinoline
Polysorb-1
polystyrene
polystyrene bromide
polysulfonyl- 1.4-phenylene
polysulphide rubber
polyterphenylene-2,5-diphenylbenzoyloxy-terephthalamide
polyterpheny lene-terephthalamide
polyterphenylene2,5-diphenyl-4-phenylene-trimethylene-carbonyloxy-terephtha~amide
polytetrafluoroethy lene
polytetrafluoroethylene-co-perfluorosulfonic acid
82
236
240
321
235
26 1
264-265
120
119
111
114
255
196- 197
192
21-22
31
30
133- 134
137-139
270
414
128
85-86
6-9
124
125-126
232
238-239
231
243-244
110
106-108
65
260
254
189
191
190
44
61
510
polytetramethyldiphenylolpropanecarbonate
polytriethyleneglycolsuccinate
polyurethan
polyurethan
polyuridilic acid
polyvinyl acetate
polyvinyl alcohol
polyvinyl butyral
polyvinyl butyral & phenol-formaldehyde resin blend
polyvinyl chloride
polyvinyl pyrrolidone
polyvinyl pyrrolidone
polyvinylcarbazole
polyvinylidene chloride
polyvinylidene fluoride
potassium sulfate
rhamnose
ribonucleic acid yeast
ribose
serine
silicon
sodium bicarbonate
sodium dihexadecylaminoethylsulphite
sodium lauryl sulphate
sodium sulfate
sodium sulphite
sorbitol
sucrose
sulphate cellulose
sulphate cellulose- viscose
sulphite cellulose
sunflower oil
titanium oxide
titanium permagneziate
tricresyl phosphate
triphenyl-stibine
urea-formaldehyde & alkyd resins blend
urea-formaldehyde resin
urea-urone-formaldehyde resin
valine
171
150
193- 195
205-206
253
72-73
69-7 1
297-298
357-358
48-50
97
3 54
103
51
45
449
471
337
464
462
416
455
428
419
457
450
476
488
277-281
276
274-275
346
458-459
454
423
490
3 85
350-351
352
467
511
valinomycin
VBFS-4 resin
vinylidenefluoride copolymer
viscose
VMA-0 1 10 resin
white topcoating
xylose
zinc oxide
334
3 86
46
284
387
381
465
460
512
Alphabetical synonym or TM index
Synonym or TM
( 1,4-dioxan-2,5-dione)-( 1,4-dioxan-2-one) copolymer
( 1,4-dioxan-2,5-dione)-(caprolactone) copolymer
acetate fiber
acetobutyrate cellulose
Acetur
Acrylex P-30
Acrylex P- 100
Acrylic resin Etacryl ACR 15
ACRYLON
Agarose
anatase
Anaterm- 103
Anaterm- 17M
Anaterm-6K
Anaterm-8K
Arabinose
Armos 100
Armos, 55.9
barite
Butachlor GRT
Butachlor MC-30
Butachlor MSC-102
Butadiene ester rubber
butadiene-methylstyrene rubber SKMS 30 ARKM 15
butadiene-styrene rubber SKS 30 ARK 15
Butadiene-styrene-ester rubber BSEF
butyl rubber
Butylacrylate rubber BAC
calcite
Canada balsam. Michrome
Carbamide resin K-411-02
carbamide resin MCH-025 K-403
Carbamide-alkyd resin MCH-061
Carilon E
casein glue
cellulose SFA
Page
143
144
292
296
193
93
94
315
82
291
458
371
372
373
3 74
497
246
245
452
61
52
53
3 14
324
311
3 13
10
84
446
340
351
350
385
85-86
330
277-28 1
513
cellulose SFI
Chloroprene S-40
Chromosorb- 102
cis-polypentenamer
Compound K-153
Cotton fiber
CSPE rubber
Cyacryne glue
d-Glucose
d-Sorbite
d-Xylose
Dacryl2M
Dacryl2M orange
Dacryl2MO
Dacryl8
DEAE-Cellulose DE 22
DEAE-sepharose CL-6B
Delpet
Dextran
Dextran G-50 Molselect
diamond IIA type
Diflon, "PC-6", "PC-LT-10"
DL-Aspartic acid
DL-beta- Alanine
DL-beta-Pheny I-alpha- Alanine
DL-beta-Phenyl-beta- Alanine
DL-Lysine-HC1
DL-Methionine
DL-Norleucine
DL-Norvaline
DL-Serine
DL-Tryptophan
DL-Valine
Dulcitol
Dutral D-235-E2
Dutral D-346-E
Dutral D-436-E
Dutral D-334-E
Dutral D-53742
epichlorohydrin rubber
214-215
54
109
20
365
282
90
96
412
416
465
16
I 8
11
81
295
293
15
286
288
415
168
499
496
48 1
480
414
468
41 3
466
462
482
461
475
3 02
303
3 04
300
299
122
514
Epoxy resin ED-20 hardened
epoxy resin EDP-20 polyamine hardened
fluoride rubber
Ftorlon fiber
Ftoroplast (Fluoroplast)
Gelatine
Glue BF-2
Glue BF-6
Glycogen
gypsum
Heparin
Heparinoid-C
Hydrin- 100
Hydrin-200
isoprene rubber
Kanekalon
kaolinite
Keltan 512, SKEPT
Kittifix
KM resin
kolophonium
L-Asparagine
L-Cystein
L-Cystine
L-Glutamic acid
L-Histidine
I-Rhamnose
LAVSAN
Lexan LS2-4 135
Luran ABS-plastic
Lustran
Macrolon
Melamine-alkyd resin ML-12
Mokol glue
Moment-1 glue
MPP 05-08-308
MS-copolymer
MSN
MSN-I1
MSN-L
3 63 -3 64
362
46
47
44
33 1
357
358
287
45 1
290
349
121
123
16
307
453
305
339
342
345
500
46 1
470
469
478
47 1
151-152
167
308
312
170
383
3 67
368
6
316
317
319
318
515
Na-butadiene rubber
NAFION
Nairit BCM
Nairit DB
Nairit DCN
Nairit DCP
Nairit DH
Nairit DP
Nairit DX
Nairit NT
natural caoutchouc
Neoprene WRT
Nissan white paint coating
Nitrocellulose glue
Nitron
NORYL SE 100
PAN-fiber
Panlite L 1250 VHE 20006 V
para-dioxanone
paraffin 54156
Parafilm M
Paraform
Parylene N
PEEK
PEG 15000
PEG 400
PEG 8000
PEND
PEPA
PETF-KM
PEVD
PF-053
Phenol-formaldehyde resin 101 LK
phenolic resin FL-326
Phenyl-vinyl-siloxane rubber
Phenylon
plant oil
Plexiglas 8H
poly((5-bromide- 1,3-phenylene)-pyromeIlite-imide)
poly( 1,l -dichloroethylene)
14
67
59
56
62
57
63
55
64
58
19
60
381
338
91
128
92
169
463
4
13
114
25
87
118
116
117
2-3
230
153
1
379
355
356
392
178
346
80
207
51
poly( 1,1 -difluoroethylene)
poly( 1,3-phenylene-((4-phenyl)-benzoyloxy)terephthalamide)
poly( 1,3-phenylene-(propargyloxy)terephthalamide)
poly( 1,4-dioxan-2-0ne)
poly( 1,4-p heny lene-(propargy 1oxy)terephthalamide)
poly( I-chloroethylene), PVC
poly( 1 -hydroxyethylene)
poly( I-hydroxyethylene), "Vinol" fiber
poly(3,6-dimethyl- 1,4-dioxan-2,5-dione)
poly(4,4'-diphenyl-(2-cyan)oxy-isophthalamide)
poly(4,4'-diphenyl-(2-cyan)oxy-terephthalmide)
poly(ally1-oxyethyl-cyanacrylate)
poly(ally1-oxyethyl-cyanacrylate) cross-linked
poly(aramide)
poly(ary1ene-amide)
poly(bromostyrene)
poly(cyclohexy1- 1,4-diamine-biphenyl amic acid)
poly(diacety1ene)
poly(ether sulphone)
Poly(ether sulphone) PES- 1
Poly(ether sulphone) PES-B
poly(n,n'-bis(phenoxypheny1)-pyromellitic imide) , PM Film, Capton
poly(naphthoy1eneimide)
poly(oxydiani1ine-biphenyl amic acid)
poly(para-phenylene-biphenyl amic acid)
poly(para-pheny lene-sulfide-sulphone)
poly(para-phenylene-sulphone)
poly(pheny1ene ether)
poly(resorcin-(propargy1oxy)terephthalate)
poly(si1oxanebenzophenonimide)
poly(tetramethy1- 1,4-phenyIenediamine-biphenyl amic acid)
poly(thi0- 1,4-phenylene)
poly(thi0- 1,4-phenylene) Ryton V-1
POlY[AI
POlY[UI
Polyamide 6 -1201321
polyamide 6-2 1013
Polyamide- 12 LA
Polyamide-6
Polyamide-6,lO L
45
186
28
145
29
48-50
71
69
146
180
181
98
99
188
179
65
183
39-43
264-265
262
26 1
209
105
187
182
259
260
130
27
395
184
257
256
252
253
172
173
176
174
177
517
Polyamide-6,6
polybipheny lpyromellitimide
polycyanamide
polycyclooctenamer
polydiacety lene
polydiacetylene
polydiglycolide, poly( 1,4-dioxan-2,5-dione)
polydiglycolide, poly( 1,4-dioxan-2,5-dione)
poly diglycolide, poly( 1,4-dioxan-2,5-dione)
Polyester fiber
Polyester PN-12 TR 30-14-13-81
Polyester PN-3 1
Polyester PN-35 Br
Polyester PN-35Br
Polyester PN-67
Polyester PN-69
Polyester PN-SK-20
polyformaldehyde
polyformaldehyde, poly(oxymethy1ene)
polyformaldehyde, poly(oxymethy1ene)
polymethacrylic acid
Polypentenamer TPA
Polyphenylene-oxide 5PH 4E
polypropylene
Polypropylene 2 1030-16
Polypropylene Glycol 200
polypropylene oriented
Polystyrene PS -0505
Polystyrene PSM- 1 15
Polystyrene UPS- 1002
Polysulphone PSB-200
Polysulphone PSB-220
Polysulphone PSB-230
Polysulphone PSD
Polysulphone PSF- 150
Polysulphone PSK-1
Polysulphone Talpa-1000
Polyvinylbutyral PSH- 1
polyviny lpyrrolidinone
Proxanol208
175
208
185
23-24
32-36
38
140
141
142
155
158
162
159
160
163
164
161
111
112
113
74
21
127
7
8
124
9
108
106
107
27 1
272
273
266
267-268
269
263
298
97
325
518
Proxanol268
PUR RIM
PVA
Resin GF-05 based paint coating
Resin K-42 1-02
resorcinol diglycidyl ether
Ribose
row rubber SKI-3
Rubber Acron
rubber SKI-3
Rubber SKTE-8
Rubber SKTMF
Rubber SKTV- 1
Rubber synthetic propylene-oxide "SKPO"
rutile
SAN-A
Sefadex G 100
Sevilen 1 1 104-030
SILAMID
Silicon
Silicon elastomer E 301
SKEPT
SKMVP rubber
SKU-DF2 rubber
Spandex B 97114
Squalane
starch
Stearate Ba
Stearate Ca
Stearate Li
Stearate Pb
Sudan orange G
SVM 29
SVM 55.9
Synthetic rubber SKD
Synthetic rubber SKU-DF2
Synthetic rubber SKU-PF-OP
Synthetic rubber SKU-PFL
Synthetic rubber SKU-PFL
Synthetic rubber SKU-PFL
326
194
72-73
378
377
485
464
17
83
18
390
391
389
125-126
459
32 1
289
306
353
416
388
301
323
401-402
205
5
285
422
42 1
429
430
443
234
23 3
15
198-204
195
196-197
403-404
192
5 19
talc
Talpa K-200
Teisin polycarbonate
Templen P-4-MP-1203
Templen P-4-MP- 1203-02
Tenax GC
Tesa Coll Universallim
trans-polypentenamer
triacetate film
tripheny lantimony
tritolyl phosphate
Tween 40
Tween 80
Tyrel
UHU stic, glue
Uhu-plus resin
Uniherm-8
Vedryl9D
Vinol
Viscose fiber
Viscose SFA
Vitur T-1013-75
Yeast RNA
Zapon red, mark S
Zn-insulin
448
88-89
166
12
11
132
366
22
294
490
423
119
120
322
354
361
370
79
70
284
276
206
337
442
332
520
Alphabetical general formula index
General formula
A1207Si2
Ba04S
ClOHllN06P-K+ C 10H13N03
C 1 OH 13N03
C1 OH1 3N03
C1 OH1606
C10H804
C10H804
C10H804
CllH12N202
C11H1608
C11H19N
ClIH19NO
CllHF2105S
C 12H1204
C12H1404
C 12H 1 809
C12H2004
C 12H22N202
C12H22011
C12H22011
C12H22011
C12H22011
C12H23NO
C12H23N05
C 12H2504S-Na
C 12H28N3P1
C12H402S2
C 12H7Br0
C 12H803 S
C 12H803 S
C 12H803 S
C14H1 ON202
C14H11N
Compound name
aluminum silicate hydroxide
barium sulphate
diamond
poly(adenine)
poly( allyl-oxy-isopropyl-cyanacrylate)
poly(ally1-oxy-isopropyl-cyanacrylate) cross-linked
poly(ally1-oxy-propyl-cyanacrylate) cross-linked
poly(triethy leneglycolsuccinate)
poly(ethyleneglyco1phthalate)
poly(ethyleneterephtha1ate)
poly(ethyleneterephtha1ate)
beta-indolyl-alpha-aminopropionic acid
cellulose triacetate
2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-ethynyl-4-piperidine
2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-ethynyl-4-piperidinol
poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-perfluorosulfonic acid)
poly(butyleneterephtha1ate)
1,3-diglycidyl-oxybenzene
agarose
poly(ethyleneglyco1sebacate)
poly(hexamethy1eneadipamide)
cellobiose
d-maltose
d-melibiose
d-sucrose
poly(dodecanamide)
diethylaminoethyl cellulose
sodium lauryl sulphate
poly(dihexy1aminophosphazene)
poly( 1,4-phenylene-sulfide- 1,4-phenylene-sulphone)
poly( 1,4-phenoxy-bromophenyIene)
poly(di(oxy- 1,4-phenylenesulfonyl- 1,4-phenylene))
poly(di(oxy- 1,4-phenylenesulfonyl- 1 ,4-phenylene))
poly(oxy- 1,4-phenylenesulfonyl- 1,4-phenylene)
poly(m-phenylene-isophthal-amide)
poly(vinylcarbazole)
Page
453
452
415
252
100
101
102
150
154
15 1-153
155
482
294
483
484
67
156
485
29 1
157
175
498
487
486
488
176
295
419
250
259
129
262
263
26 1
178
103
521
C14H20B 1002
C14H2008-Cl8B2808-
C16H2408
C14H80
C14H9C130
C15H13NO
C15H18B1003-
C16H1403
C15H20N205
C15H605
C 16H12N20
C 16H1403
C16H2204
C16H30N202
C 16H5BrN204
C16H606
C17H1005
C 17H 12N203
C 17H12N203
C 1 8H 1 ON204
C18HlON205
C18H11Br
C18H12
C18H120
C18H1203 S
C 18H1203S
C 18H15Sb
C18H35Ca02
C18H3502-Ba
C18H3502-Li
C18H3502-Pb
C19H1203
C20H 12N20
C20H 14N203
C20H2203
C2 1 H 1 ON204
C2 1H13N303
1,2-bis(oxyphenyl)-carborane
acetate-butyrate cellulose
poly( 1,4-phenoxy-phenylene-ethyne)
poly( 1,4-phenoxy- 1,4-phenylene-(trichloromethyl)-methylene)
poly(epoxypropy1carbazole)
( 1,2-bis(oxyphenyl)-carborane)-(diphenylolpropane-carbonate) copolymer
poly (oxypropyleneglycoldiurethan)
poly( 1,4-dioxyanthraquinone-carbonate)
dye orange G
poly(diphenylo1propanecarbonate) 1
dibutyl phthalate
poly(hexamethy1enesebacateamide)
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-pyromellitic dianhydride and 5-bromide-
phenylene- 1,3-diamine
biphenylenedianhydride
poly( 1,3-phenylene-(propargyloxy)terephthalate)
poly( 1,3 -phenylene-(propargy1oxy)terephthalamide)
poly( 1,4-phenylene-(propargyloxy)terephthalamide)
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-pyromellitic dianhydride and 4,4'-
diaminodipheny 1
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-pyromellitic dianhydride and 4,4'-
diaminodiphenyl ether
poly(bromopheny1ene)
poly(pheny1ene)
poly(2,6-diphenyl-n-phenyleneoxide)
poly(oxy- 1,4-phenyIenesulfonyl[ 111'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)
poly(oxy- 1,4-phenylenesulfonyl[ l,l'-biphenyI]-4,4'-diyl)
triphenyl-stibine
octadecanoic acid calcium salt
octadecanoic acid barium salt
octadecanoic acid lithium salt
octadecanoic acid lead salt
poly(ether-ether-ketone)
polyquinazoline with phenylene ether linkages
(4,4'-diphenyloxide diacid chloride)-( 1,3-phenylene-diamine) copolymer
poly(tetramethyldipheny1olpropanecarbonate)
poly(bis-maleinimide)
(isophthalic diacid chloride)-(4,4'-diphenyl(2-cyan)oxy-diamine) copolymer
41 1
296
26
130
131
412
192
165
443
166-170
420
177
207
489
27
28
29
208
209
68
30
132
264
265
490
42 1
422
429
430
87-89
232
179
171
104
180
522
C2 1 H13N303
C2 1H14N402
C21H2104P
C22HlON204
C22HlON204
C22H 12N203
C22H12N204
C22H 1 2 0
C22H14N206
C22H16N204
C22H16N40
C22H18N204
C22H18N204
C22H20N206
C22H9BrN205
C23H9BrN205
C24HlOF4N206
C24H160
(terephthalic diacid chloride)-(4,4'-diphenyl(2-cyan)oxy-diamine)
copolymer
poly(ary1amide)
tricresyl phosphate
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and para-
phenylene-diamine
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and para-
pheny lene-diamine
poly(oxadiazo1e)
para-pheny lene-diaminediphthalate
poly(phenoxy -di(phenylene-ethyne))
polyamidocarboxylic acid based on 3,3',4,4'-biphenyl-tetracarboxylic
dianhydride and para-phenylene diamine
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and
cyclohexyl- 1,4-diamine
dye red G
( 1,6-bis((4-carbonyl)phenoxy)hexa-2,4-diyn)-(ethylene-diam~e) copolymer
( 1,6-bis((4-carbonyl)phenoxy)hexa-2,4-diyn)-(ethylenediamine) copolymer
cross-linked
polyamidocarboxylic acid based on 3,3',4,4'-biphenyl-tetracarboxylic
dianhydride and cyclohexyl- 1,4-diamine
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-oxydiphthalic dianhydride and 5-bromide-1,3-
pheny lene-diamine
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarbo-~yIic dianhydride and
5-bromide- 1,3-phenyIene-diamine
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-oxydiphthalic dianhydride and (4-
tetrafluoroethy1oxy)- 1,3 -phenylene-diamine
polyphenylene
C24H160-C38H34B 1002 (pheny1ene)-(phenylene-carborane) copolymer
C24H1604S poly(di( 1.4-phenoxy- 1.4-phenyIene)-sulphone)
C24H22BlO poly(pheny1ene-carborane-ethyne)
C24H3804 dioctyl phthalate
C25H 1605 (1,6-bis((4-carbonyl)-phenoxy)hexa-2,4-diyn)-(hydro-quinone) copolymer
C25H 1605 ( 1,6-bis((4-carbonyl)-phenoxy)hexa-2,4-diyn)-resorcinol) copolymer
C26HlON403 poly(naphthoylenebenzimidazo1e)
C26H12N2010S2 polyimide based on (1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxyIic dianhydride) and
(diphenyl-disulfonic acid) diamine
C26H18N204 ( 1,6-bis((4-carbonyl)phenoxy)hexa-2,4-diyn)-( 1,3-~henylenediamine)
copolymer cross-linked
C26H18N204 ( 1,6-bis((4-carbonyI)phenoxy)hexa-2,4-diyn)-( 1,4-phenyIenediamine)
181
233-234
423
210
21 1
235
49 1
31
182
212
444
32
41
183
213
214
215
133
413
266
414
424
34-35
33
236
105
36
38
523
C26H18N204
C26H18N204
C26H18N204
C26H22N206
C26H26N204
C26H26N204
C26H5004
C27H12N404-
C29HlON402F6
C27H 12N404-
C34H20N40
C27H 14N206
C27H 14N206-
C27H14N208
C27H17N303
C27H18N204
C27H2204S
C27H2204S
C27H2204S
C28H 14N205
C28H 14N206
C28H16N204
C28H18N207
C28H2402
copolymer
( 1,6-bis((4-carbonyI)phenoxy)hexa-2,4-diyn)-( 1,3-phenyIenediamine)
copolymer
poly( 1,3-phenylene-(bis(propargyI))-phthalamide)
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and
tetramethyl- 1,4-phenylene-diamine
polyamic acid based on 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and
tetramethyl-pheny lene- 1,4-diamine
( 1,6-bis((4-carbonyl)phenoxy)hexa-2,4-diyn)-(hexanediamine) copolymer
cross-linked
( 1,6- bis((4-carbonyl)phenoxy)hexa-2,4-diyn)-(hexanediamine) copolymer
cross-linked
dioctyl sebacate
poly(naphthoylenebenzimidazo1e)
(naphtha1enimidobenzimidazole)-(quinazoline) copolymer
polyimide based on 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride and
di(hydroxypheny I)-methane-diamine
naphthalenimide copolymer
(4,4'-diphenyloxide diacid chloride)-(4,4'-diphenyl(2-~yan)diamine)
copolymer
polyamide based on ((4-phenyl)-benzoyloxy)-terephthalic acid and 1,3-
pheny lenediamine
poly( 1,4-phenoxy- 1,4-phenyIene-isopropylidene- 1,4-phenoxy-phenyIene-
sulphone)
poly( 1,4-phenoxy- 1,4-phenyIene-isopropylidene- 1,4-phenoxy-phenylene-
sulphone)
poly( 1,4-phenoxy- 1,4-phenyIene-isopropylidene- 1,4-phenoxy-phenyIene-
sulphone)
(bis-(y-aminopropy Itetramethyl)siloxane) and 3,3',4,4'-ben-
zophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride based polyimide)
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and
oxydianiline
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-oxydiphthalic dianhydride and oxydianiline
biphenylene-dianhydride-dianiline
polyamidocarboxylic acid based on 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic
dianhydride and oxydianiline
polypheny lene
39
37
216
184
42
40
425
327
335
217
328
185
186
267
268
269
395
218
219
492
187
134
C2F4
C2H2C12
C2H2F2
C2H2F2-C3F6
C2H202
C2H202-C4H603
C2H3C1
C2H4
C2H4
C2H4
C2H4
C2H4-C2H3Cl-
C2H3C102S
C2H4-C3H6
C2H4-C3H6
C2H4-C4H602
C2H4N20
C2H40
C2H40
C2H40-C3H60
C2H5N
C2H60Si
C2H60Si-C3H60Si
C2H60Si-C4HlOOSi
C2H60Si-C7H80Si
C2H60Si-C7H80Si-
C3H60Si
C2H8N3P 1
C3 OH 19Br0
C30H20N2
C30H200
C30H2002
C30H62
C3 1H22N403
C3 1H28N205
C32H24N204
C32H24N204
C32H24N204
C32H5404
poly(tetrafluoroethy1ene)
poly(viny1idene chloride)
poly(viny1idene fluoride)
vinylidenefluoride copolymer
poly(glyco1ide)
(g1ycolide)-(para-dioxanone) copolymer
poly(viny1 chloride)
paraffin
poly(ethy1ene)
poly(ethy1ene) high pressure
poly(ethy1ene) low pressure
poly(ethy1ene) chlorosulfonated
(ethylene-propylene) copolymer
(ethylene-propylene) copolymer diene modified
(ethylene-vinylacetate) copolymer
urea-formaldehyde resin
poly(ethyleneglyco1)
poly(viny1 alcohol)
(ethylene oxide)-(propylene oxide) copolymer
poly(ethylene4mine)
poly(dimethylsi1oxane)
(dimethy1siloxane)-(methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer
(dimethylsi1oxane)-(diethylsiloxane) copolymer
(dimethyl-si1oxane)-(methyl-phenyl-siloxane) copolymer
(dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane-methylphenylsiloxane) copolymer
poly(dimethy1aminophosphazene)
poly(acenaphtheny1ene)
poly( 1,6-dicarbazoly1-2,4-hexadiyne)
poly(acenaphtheny1ene)
polyphenylene
2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-tetracosane
polyquinazolone with phenylene ether linkages
poly( 1,4-phenylene-(4-(4'-methoxy-4-diphenyloxy)-
but0xy)terephthalamide)
biphenylene-dianhydride-metha-diethy lanilhe
bipheny lene-dianhy dride-ortho-diethy lanilhe
bipheny lene-dianhy dride-para-diethy laniline
didodecyl phthalate
44
51
45
46
140-142
143
48-50
4
3
1
2
90
305
299-304
306
350-351
116-1 18
69-7 1
325-326
229-230
388
389
390
391
3 92
247
135
43
136
137- 138
5
237
188
495
494
493
426
C32H6704P
C34H18N206
C34H18N207
C34H24N205-
C27H30N206Si2
C34H7003NS-Na
C35H19N305
C36H18N204
C36H2403
C36H2404S
C39H3006S2
C3H3N-C2H3C1
C3H3N-C4H6-C8H8
C3H3N-C5H80
C3H40
C3H5C110 1-C2H40
C3H5C10
C3H5C10
C3H5NO
C3H5NO
C3H6
C3H60
C3H60-C6H1002
C3H7N02
C3H7N02S
C3H7N03
C40H24N402
C40H24N402
C4 1 H22N204
C42H22N205
C44H20N405
C44H28N406
C48H42N303
(hy droxy)dihexadecy lphosphate 427
poly( 1,3-phenoxy-l,4-phenylene-1,4-phenoxy-l,3-phenylene- 220
pyromellitimide)
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-oxydiphthalic dianhydride and para-phenylene-
di(oxyani1ine)
(alkylarylenebenzophenonimide)-(siloxanebenzophenonimide) copolymer 396-400
22 1
sodium dihexadecylaminoethylsulphite
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride and
4,4'-diaminotriphenylamine
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-pyromellitic dianhydride and 9,1O-bis(para-
aminopheny I)-anthracene
polypheny lene
poly(pheny1ene sulphone)
poly( 1,4-phenoxy- 1,4-phenylene-isopropylidene-phenoxy-phenyIene-
sulphone-dipheny lene-sulphone)
(acrylonitrile-vinylchloride) copolymer
(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) copolymer
(acrylonitrile-methylmethacry late) copolymer
poly(propanone)
epichlorohydrin rubber
epichlorohydrin rubber
poly(epich1orohydrin)
(acrylamide-methylene-bis acrylamide) copolymer
poly(acry1amide)
Poly(ProPylene)
poly(propy1ene glycol)
poly(propy lene-oxide)
dl-beta-alanine
I-cystein
dl-serine
polyquinazoline with phenylene ether linkages
polyquinazoline with phenylene ether linkages
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and 9,lO-
bis(para-aminopheny1)-anthracene
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride and
9,1O-bis(para-aminophenyl)-anthracene
poly(naphthoylenebenzimidazo1e)
polyimidobenzimidazole with bisphenol-A linkages
poly(cyanurate)
42 8
222
223
139
270
271-273
307
308
9 1-92
85-86
123
121
122
95
93-94
6-9
124
125-126
496
46 1
462
238
239
224
22 5
240
24 1
242
C48H42N303-
C2 1 H 1 ON204
C49H26N206
C4H10Si2
C4H 12N3P 1
C4H16B1002
C4H3CL3-C5H2NF302
C4H3CL3-C7H5F4N02
C4H404-C6H1002
C4H5CI
C4H5CI
C4H5CI
C4H5C1
C4H5CI
C4H5CI-C4H4C12
C4H6
C4H6
C4H6-CSH8
C4H6-CSH8-C3H3N
C4H6-CSH8-C9H1404
C4H6-C9H1404
C4H6F6N3P1
C4H602
C4H602
C4H602
C4H603
C4H603
C4H7N04
C4H8
C4H8N203
C52H34N206
C57H34N403
C58H46N206
C59H36N208
C5H1002S2
poly(cyanurate)- poly(bis-maleinimide) mutually penetrating net
polyimide based on 3,3,-bis(3',4'-dicarboxyphenyl)-phthalide dianhydride
and 9,1O-bis(para-aminophenyl)-anthracene
poly(carbosi1an)
poly(diethylaminophosphazene)
1,2-bis(oxymethyl)carbrborane
(trifluoromethyl-cyanacrylate)-(trichlorobutadiene) copolymer
(tetrafluoroallyl-cyanacrylate)-(trichlorobutadiene) copolymer
(glyco1ide)-(caprolactone) copolymer
(chloroprene-dichlorobutadiene) copolymer
(chloroprene-dichlorobutadiene) copolymer
(chloroprene-dichlorobutadiene) copolymer
poly(ch1oroprene)
poly(ch1oroprene)
(chloroprene-dichlorobutadiene) copolymer
cis-poly(butadiene)
poly (butadhe)-Na
(butadiene-styrene) copolymer
(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) copolymer
(butadiene-styrene-acrylate) copolymer
poly(butadiene ester)
poly(bis-trifluoroethylaminophosphazene)
poly(methacry1ic acid)
poly(viny1 acetate)
poly(viny1 acetate)
1,4-dioxan-2-one
poly (para-dioxanone)
dl-aspartic acid
poly(isobuty1ene)
1-asparagine
poly(terphenylene-(2,5-di(phenylbenzoyloxy))-terephthalamide)
poly(quinazo1one-quinoline)
poly(terphenylene(2,5-di(phenyl-4-phenylene-~imethylene-carbonyloxy))-
terephthalamide)
(bis(4,5-dicarboxynaphtho-l-yl)-1',3'-benzene) dianhydride and bis(3,3'-
aminopheny1ene)hexafluorodipheny lolpropane based polyimide
(bis(4,5-dicarboxynaphtho-l-yl)-1',3'-benzene) dianhydride and bis(3,3'-
aminopheny1ene)-diphenylolpropane based polyimide
polysulphide rubber
336
226
393
248
405
309
3 10
144
52
54
60
53
55-59
6 1-64
15
14
311
3 12
313
3 14
25 1
74
72
73
463
145
499
10
500
189
243
190
227
228
254
C5H1005 arabinose
C5H1005 d-xylose
C5H1005 ribose
C5H11N02 dl-norvaline
C5Hl lN02 dl-valine
C5H11N02S dl-methionine
C5H14B 1003-Cl6H1403 (1,2-bis(oxymethyl)carborane)-(diphenylolpropane-carbonate) copolymer
C5H8
C5H8
C5H8
C5H8
C5H802
C5H802
C5H802
C5H802-C4H602-
C5H802
C5H802-C8H8
C5H802-C8H8-C3H3N
C5H9N04
C66H58N20 12
C6H1005
C6H1005
C6H1005
C6H1005
C6H1005
C6H1005
C6H1005
C6H1005
C6H1005
C6H1005
C6H11NO
C6H11NO
C6H11NO
C6H11NO
C6H12
C6H12
C6H 12N204S2
C6H1205
C6H1206
C6H13N02
cis-poly(pentenamer)
poly(isoprene)
poly(isoprene) vulcanized
trans-poly(pentenamer)
poly(ethylacry1ate)
poly(methylmethacry1ate)
poly(methy1methacrylate) resin
(methylmethacrylate-methacrylate-ethylmethacrylate) copolymer
(methylmethacrylate-styrene) copolymer
(methylmethacrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile) copolymer
I-glutamic acid
poly(terpheny lene-terephthalamide)
amylum
cellulose cotton
dextran
dextran
dextran epichlorohydrin linked
glycogen
hardwood pulp
sulphate cellulose
sulphate cellulose- viscose
sulphite cellulose
poly(capro1actam)
poly(capro1actam)
poly(capro1actam)
polyamide 6 modified
poly(4-methyl- 1 -penten)
poly(4-methyl- 1 -penten)
I-cystine
I-rhamnose
d-glucose
dl-norleucine
527
497
465
464
466
467
468
406-408
20
16-17
18
2 1-22
83
75-81
82
315
316
317-319
469
191
285
282
286
288
289
287
283
277-281
276
274-275
172
173
174
353
11
12
470
47 1
472
473
528
C6H14N202
C6H1406
C6H 1406
C6H40
C6H402S
C6H40S-C6H40S2
C6H4S
C6H5NS
C6H7N02
C6H8N2
C6HXN209
C6H804
C6H804
C6H9N302
C6H9NO
C6H9NO
C76H40N806
C7H1202
C7H4N2
C7H60
C7H7N02-C23H2404
dl-lysine-HC1
d-sorbitol
dulcitol
poly( 1,3-phenylene-oxide)
poly(sulfony1- 1,4-phenylene)
poly(oxypheny1ene-sulfide)
poly(para-phenylene-sulfide)
poly(aminopheny1ene-sulfide)
poly(cyanacry1ate)
para-pheny lenediamine
nitrocellulose
poly(ethyleneglyco1succinate)
poly(1actide)
1-histidine
poly(viny1 pyrrolidone)
poly(viny1 pyrrolidone)
poly( quinazolone-quinoline)
poly (buty lacry late)
poly( 1,4-phenylene-carbodiimide)
phenol-formaldehyde resin
(allylcyanacrylate)-(bis-methacrylate-diphenylolpropane) copolymer
C7H7N02-C3 OH28B 1 0 0 2 (allylcyanacry1ate)-(bis-( ethynyl-phenoxy-pheny1)carborane)copolymer
C7H7N02-C3 4H3 6B 1006 (allylcyanacry1ate)-(bis(methacry1ate- 1,4-phenylene-oxy- 1,4-
pheny1ene)carborane) copolymer
C7H9Na05S2 viscose
C8Hl lN02- (butylcyanacrylate)-(pentamethyldisiloxanemethoxyethyl-( 1 -methyl,4-
C 15H27NSI204 cyan)pentadienate) copolymer
C8H 1204 poly(ethyleneglyco1adipate)
C8H1205 poly(diethyleneglyco1succinate)
CXH1206 acetate cellulose
C8H14 poly(cyc1ooctenamer)
C8H1402 poly(viny1 butyral)
CXH1402-C7H60
CXH20N3 P 1 poly(dibuty1aminophosphazene)
C8H7Br poly(styrene bromide)
C8H8 1,3,5,7-~yclooctatetraen
C8H8 poly(paraxyly1ene)
C8H8 poly(styrene)
CXHS-C3H3N (styrene-acrylonitrile) copolymer
CSH9N-C4H6 (methylvinylpyridine-butadiene) copolymer
poly(viny1 butyral) & phenol-formaldehyde resin blend
474
476
47 5
127
260
255
256-257
258
96
477
338
147
146
478
97
3 54
244
84
23 1
355
320
409
410
284
3 94
148
149
292
23-24
297-298
357
249
65
479
25
106-108
321-322
323
529
C9HlO-C4H6
C9HlON208P-Kt
C9H11N02
C9H11N02
C9H11N03
C9H1 IN03
Ca04S
CCa03
CH20
CH20
CH20
CH20-CjH602
CHNa03
Cr203
Cr04Pb
H2Mg30 12Si4
K204S
Na203S
Na204S
02Ti
02Ti
OZn
Si
TiMg04
CAS number
[ 10030-85-01
[ 100684-42-21
(butadiene-methylstyrene) copolymer
poly(uridi1ic acid)
dl-beta-pheny 1-alpha-alanine
dl-beta-pheny I-beta-alanine
poly(2-propenoic acid,-2-cyano-2-(2-propenyloxy-ethylester))
poly(2-propenoic acid,-2-cyano-2-(2-propenyloxy-ethylester)) cross-linked
calcium sulphate dihydrate
calcium carbonate
poly(methy1ene oxide)
poly(oxymethy1ene)
poly(oxymethy1ene)
(formaldehyde-dioxolane) copolymer
sodium bicarbonate
chromium oxide
lead chromate
hydrous magnesium silicate
potassium sulfate
sodium sulphite
sodium sulfate
titanium oxide
titanium oxide
zinc oxide
silicon
titanium permagneziate
Compound name
1-rhamnose
ribonucleic acid yeast
324
253
481
480
98
99
451
446
112-1 13
1 1 1
114
115
455
456
447
448
449
450
457
458
459
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454
Page
47 1
337
530
[ 10101-41-41
[ 107-95-91
[108568-51-01
[108568-51-01
[ 108568-51-01
[lll-01-31
[ 117549-52-71
[ 117549-52-71
[ 1 17-8 1-71
[12167-74-71
[1308-38-91
[1314-13-21
[ 1317-70-01
[ 13 17-80-21
[ 1330-78-51
[1332-58-71
[144-55-81
[ 14807-96-61
[150-30-11
[ 15 1-21-31
[1592-23-01
[2001-95-81
[2051-85-61
[2197-63-91
[24936-50-31
[24936-68-31
[24936-68-31
[24936-68-31
[24936-68-31
[24936-68-31
calcium sulphate dihydrate
dl-beta-alanine
poly(ether-ether-ketone)
poly(ether-ether-ketone)
poly(ether-ether-ketone)
2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-tetracosane
poly(2-propenoic acid,-2-cyano-2-(2-propenyloxy-ethylester))
poly(2-propenoic acid,-2-cyano-2-(2-propenyloxy-ethylester)) cross-
dioctyl phthalate
calcium phosphate tribasic hydroxide
chromium oxide
zinc oxide
titanium oxide
titanium oxide
tricresyl phosphate
aluminum silicate hydroxide
sodium bicarbonate
hydrous magnesium silicate
dl-beta-phenyl-alpha-alanine
sodium lauryl sulphate
octadecanoic acid calcium salt
valinomycin
dye orange G
(hydroxy)dihexadecylphosphate
poly( styrene bromide)
poly(diphenylo1propanecarbonate)
poly(diphenylo1propanecarbonate)
poly(diphenylo1propanecarbonate)
poly(diphenylo1propanecarbonate)
poly(diphenylo1propanecarbonate)
"937-05-1]/[24938--37-21 poly(ethyleneglyco1adipate)
[24937- 16-41 poly(dodecanamide)
[24937-78-81 (ethylene-vinylacetate) copolymer
[24937-79-91 poly(viny1idene fluoride)
124938-60-11 poly(m-phenylene-isophthal-amide)
[24938-68-91 poly(2,6-diphenyl-n-phenyleneoxide)
[24968-12-5]/[26062-94-21 poly(butyleneterephtha1ate)
45 1
496
87
88
89
5
98
99
424
417
456
460
458
459
423
453
455
448
48 1
419
42 1
334
443
427
65
166
167
169
170
168
148
176
306
45
178
132
156
53 1
[24969-06-01
[24969-06-01
[250 14-4 1-91
[25034-86-01
[25034-96-21
[25036-01-51
[25036-01-51
[25038-36-21
[25038-36-21
[25038-36-21
[25038-36-21
I2503 8-3 6-21
[25038-36-21
[25038-54-41
[25038-54-41
[25038-54-41
[25038-59-91
[25038-59-91
[25038-59-91
[25038-59-91
[25067-30-51
[25067-59-81
[25067-95-21
[25067-95-21
[25067-95-21
[25067-95-21
[25067-95-21
[25067-95-21
[25068-26-21
[25068-26-21
[25087-26-71
[25103-85-91
[25103-85-91
[25 103-85-91
[25135-51-71
[25135-51-71
[25 135-5 1-71
epichlorohydrin rubber
poly(epich1orohydrin)
(acrylonitrile-methylmethacrylate) copolymer
(methylmethacrylate-styrene) copolymer
poly( ethyleneglycolsebacate)
poly(acenaphtheny1ene)
poly(acenaphtheny1ene)
(ethylene-propylene) copolymer diene modified
(ethylene-propylene) copolymer diene modified
(ethylene-propylene) copolymer diene modified
(ethylene-propylene) copolymer diene modified
(ethylene-propylene) copolymer diene modified
(ethylene-propylene) copolymer diene modified
poly(capro1actam)
poly(capro1actam)
poly(capro1actam)
poly(ethyleneterephtha1ate)
poly(ethyleneterephtha1ate)
poly(ethyleneterephtha1ate)
poly(ethyleneterephtha1ate)
poly(cyanacry1ate)
poly(vinylcarbazo1e)
(chloroprene-dichlorobutadiene) copolymer
(chloroprene-dichlorobutadiene) copolymer
(chloroprene-dichlorobutadiene) copolymer
(chloroprene-dichlorobutadiene) copolymer
(chloroprene-dichlorobutadiene) copolymer
(chloroprene-dichlorobutadiene) copolymer
poly(4-methyl- 1 -penten)
poly(4-methyl- 1 -penten)
poly(methacry1ic acid)
cis-poly(pentenamer)
trans-pol y(pentenamer)
trans-poly(pentenamer)
poly( 1,4-phenoxy- 1,4-phenylene-isopropylidene-1,4-phenoxy-phenylene-
poly( 1,4-phenoxy- 1,4-phenylene-isopropyIidene- 1,4-phenoxy-phenylene-
poly( 1,4-phenoxy- 1,4-phenylene-isopropylidene- 1,4-phenoxy-phenylene-
121
122
91
316
157
135
136
299
300
301
302
303
3 04
172
173
174
151
152
153
155
96
103
54
60
61
62
63
64
11
12
74
20
21
22
267
268
269
[252 12-74-21 poly(para-pheny lene-sulfide)
[252 12-74-21 poly(para-phenylene-sulfide)
[25248- 17-31 poly(ethyleneglycolphtha1ate)
[25267-51-01 poly(cyc1ooctenamer)
[25267-51-01 poly( cyclooctenamer)
[25322-68-31 poly(ethyleneglyco1)
[25322-68-31 poly(ethyleneglyco1)
[25322-68-31 poly(ethyleneglyco1)
[25322-68-31 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate
[25322-68-31 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate
[25322-69-41 poly(propy1ene glycol)
[25322-69-41 poly(prop ylene-oxide)
[25322-69-41 poly (propylene-oxide)
[25667- 1 1-2]/[25569-53-31 poly(ethyleneg1ycolsuccinate)
[25667-42-91 poly(oxy- 1,4-phenylenesulfonyl- 1,4-phenylene)
[25667-42-91 poly(di(oxy- 1,4-phenylenesulfonyl- 1,4-phenylene))
[25667-42-91 poly( di(oxy- 1,4-phenylenesulfonyl- 1,4-phenylene))
[26009-03-01 poly(glyco1ide)
[26009-03-01 poly(glyco1ide)
[26009-03-01 poly(glyco1ide)
[26023-21-21
[26793-77-11 poly(diethyleneglyco1succinate)
[27028-97-31 poly( 1,4-phenylene-sulfide-1,4-phenylene-sulphone)
[27680-96-21 (methylvinylpyridine-butadiene) copolymer
[28086-43-31 poly(uridi1ic acid)
[28650-84-21 poly(triethyleneglyco1succinate)
[29223-92-51 poly(para-dioxanone)
[302-84-11 dl-serine
[30396-85-11 (acrylonitrile-methylmethacrylate) copolymer
[304 1-1 6-51 1,4-dioxan-2-one
[3 1833-61-11 poly(sulfony1- 1,4-phenylene)
[32077-07-91 poly(oxy- 1,4-phenylenesulfonyl[ 1, I'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)
[32077-07-91 poly(oxy- 1,4-phenylenesulfonyl[ 1,l '-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)
[32131-17-21 poly(hexamethy1eneadipamide)
[365522-63-11 poly(butadiene)-Na
[4485-12-51 octadecanoic acid lithium salt
polyimide based on 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride
256
257
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23
24
116
117
118
119
120
124
125
126
147
261
262
263
140
141
142
214
149
259
323
253
150
145
462
92
463
260
264
265
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14
429
533
[471-34-11
[492-62-61
[50-69- 13
[50-70-41
[5 16-06-31
[528-50-71
[52-90-41
[54-12-61
[55774-96-41
[56-86-01
[56-89-31
[57407-08-61
[57-50-11
[585-99-91
[58-86-61
[59-51-81
[603-36-11
[608-66-21
[6 16-06-81
[617-45-81
[629-20-91
[63 148-65-21
[63 148-65-21
[63 148-65-21
[63231-66-31
[6363-53-71
[68037-39-81
[6865-35-61
[70-47-31
[70-54-21
[7 1-00- 11
[7428-48-01
[7440-21-31
[760-78-11
[7727-43-71
[77323-49-01
[7757-82-61
calcium carbonate
d-glucose
ribose
d-sorbitol
dl-valine
cellobiose
1-cystein
beta-indolyl-alpha-aminopropionic acid
poly(epoxypropylcarbazo1e)
1-glutamic acid
1-cystine
diethylaminoethyl sepharose
d-sucrose
d-melibiose
d-xylose
dl-methionine
triphenyl-stibine
dulcitol
dl-norleucine
dl-aspartic acid
1,3,5,7-~yclooctatetraen
poly(viny1 butyral)
poly(viny1 butyral)
poly(viny1 butyral) & phenol-formaldehyde resin blend
poly(ethy1ene) chlorinated
d-maltose
poly(ethy1ene) chlorosulfonated
octadecanoic acid barium salt
1-asparagine
dl-lysine-HC1
1-histidine
octadecanoic acid lead salt
silicon
dl-norvaline
barium sulphate
poly(tetrafluoroethy1ene-co-perfluorosulfonic acid)
sodium sulfate
446
472
464
476
467
498
46 1
482
131
469
470
293
488
486
465
468
490
475
473
499
479
297
298
357
66
487
90
422
500
474
478
430
416
466
452
67
457
534
[7757-83-71
[7758-97-61
[7778-80-51
[8002-74-2]/[64742-5 1-41
[ 8049-62-5]/[ 9004-2 1 - 11 [8068-03-91
[82028-95-31
[82375-93-71
[84-74-21
[87-72-91
[9000-70-81
[9000-7 1-91
[900 1-84-71
[9002-81-71
[9002-8 1-71
[9002-8 1-71
[9002-81-71
[9002-84-01
[9002-85- I]
[9002-86-21
[9002-86-21
[9002-86-21
[9002-88-41
[9002-88-41
[9002-88-41
[9002-89-51
[9002-89-51
[9002-89-51
[9002-89-51
[9002-89-5]/[9003-20-71
[9002-98-61
[9002-98-61
[9003-00-31
[9003-05-81
[9003-05-81
[9003-05-81
[9003-07-01
sodium sulphite
lead chromate
potassium sulfate
paraffin
insulin porcine
natural softwood lignin
(ethylene oxide)-(propylene oxide) copolymer
poly( adenine)
dibutyl phthalate
arabinose
gelatine
casein
bee venom phospholipase A2
poly(oxymethy1ene)
poly(methy1ene oxide)
poly(methy1ene oxide)
poly(oxymethy1ene)
poly( tetrafluoroethylene)
poly(viny1idene chloride)
poly(viny1 chloride)
poly(viny1 chloride)
poly(viny1 chloride)
poly(ethy1ene) high pressure
poly(ethy1ene) low pressure
poly(ethy1ene)
poly(viny1 alcohol)
poly(viny1 alcohol)
poly(viny1 alcohol)
poly(viny1 acetate)
poly(viny1 acetate)
poly(ethy1ene-We)
poly(ethy1ene-imine)
(acrylonitrile-vinylchloride) copolymer
poly(acry1amide)
poly( acrylamide)
(acrylamide-methylene-bis acrylamide) copolymer
poly(propy1ene)
450
447
449
4
332
343
326
252
420
497
33 1
330
333
111
112
113
114
44
51
48
49
50
1
2
3
69
70
71
72
73
229
230
307
93
94
95
6
535
[9003-07-01
[9003-07-01
[9003-07-01
[9003-17-21
[9003-27-41
[9003-31-01
[9003-31-01
[9003-31-01
[9003-32-11
[9003-39-81
[9003-39-81
[9003-49-01
[9003-53-61
[9003-53-61
[9003-53-61
[9003-53-61
[9003-55-81
[9003-70-71
[9004-34-61
[9004-34-61
[9004-34-61
[9004-34-61
[9004-34-61
[9004-34-61
[9004-34-61
[9004-34-61
[9004-34-61
[ 9004-3 5-71
[9004-36-81
[9004-54-01
[9004-70-01
[9004-70-01
[9005-12-31
[9005- 12-31
[9005-25-81
[9005-79-21
[9006-21-71
POlY (propylene)
POlY (ProPY lene)
PolY(ProPY1ene)
cis-pol y(butadiene)
poly(isobuty1ene)
poly(isoprene)
poly(isoprene)
poly(isoprene) vulcanized
poly(ethylacry1ate)
poly(viny1 pyrrolidone)
poly(viny1 pyrrolidone)
poly(butylacry1ate)
poly(paraxyly1ene)
POlY (styrene)
poly(styrene)
POlY (styrene)
(butadiene-styrene) copolymer
Polysorb-1
sulphite cellulose
sulphite cellulose
sulphate cellulose- viscose
sulphate cellulose
sulphate cellulose
sulphate cellulose
sulphate cellulose
sulphate cellulose
cellulose cotton
acetate cellulose
acetate-butyrate cellulose
dextran
nitrocellulose
nitrocellulose
(dimethyl-si1oxane)-(methyl-phenyl-siloxane) copolymer
(dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane-methylphenylsiloxane) copolymer
amylum
glycogen
(methylmethacrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile) copolymer
7
8
9
15
10
16
17
18
83
97
354
84
25
106
107
108
311
110
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
28 1
282
292
296
286
338
339
39 1
392
285
287
317
536
[9006-21-71
[9006-2 1-71
[9008-66-61
[9010-79-11
[9010-98-41
[9010-98-41
[9010-98-41
[9010-98-41
[90 10-98-41
[9010-98-41
[9010-98-41
[9011- 14-71
[9011-14-71
[9011-14-71
[9011-14-71
[9011-14-71
[9011-14-71
[9011-14-71
[9012-09-31
[9012-36-61
[9013-34-71
[9016-00-61
[9041-08-11
[904 1-08- 11
[9041-80-91
[9048-7 1-91
[9050-94-61
[9052-61-31
[9052-77-1]/[9003-56-91
[9052-77-11/[9003-56-9]
[9058-15-5]/[9003-54-7]
[9058-15-5]/[9003-54-71
[93358-01-11
(methylmethacrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile) copolymer
(methylmethacrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile) copolymer
poly(hexamethy1enesebacateamide)
(ethylene-propylene) copolymer
(chloroprene-dichlorobutadiene) copolymer
poly(ch1oroprene)
poly(ch1oroprene)
poly(ch1oroprene)
poly(ch1oroprene)
poly(ch1oroprene)
poly(ch1oroprene)
poly(methylmethacry1ate)
poly(methylmethacry1ate)
poly(methylmethacry1ate)
poly(methylmethacry1ate)
poly(methylmethacry1ate)
poly(methylmethacry1ate)
poly(methylmethacry1ate)
cellulose triacetate
agarose
diethylaminoethyl cellulose
poly(dimethylsi1oxane)
heparin
heparinoid C
poly( 1,3-phenylene-oxide)
dextran
dextran epichlorohydrin linked
(butadiene-methylstyrene) copolymer
(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) copolymer
(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) copolymer
(styrene-acrylonitrile) copolymer
(styrene-acrylonitrile) copolymer
(ethylene oxide)-(propylene oxide) copolymer
318
319
177
305
52
53
55
56
57
58
59
75
76
17
78
79
80
81
294
29 1
295
388
290
349
127
288
289
324
312
308
321
322
325