Download - HAZARD COMMUNICATION AND GHS

HAZARD COMMUNICATIONAND GHS

WITH THE GLOBALLY HARMONIZED SYSTEM (GHS) OF CLASSIFICATION AND LABELING OF CHEMICALS FOR

WASHINGTON STATE EMPLOYERS

Funding and support for this project provided by State of Washington, Department of Labor and Industries, Safety and Health Investments projects.

HAZARD COMMUNICATION PROGRAM

• What is a HAZCOM plan?

• What does GHS mean?

• How do hazardous chemicals affect the body?

• What are the different types of hazardous chemicals?

• What is on GHS compliant product labels?

• What are Safety Data Sheets (SDS)?

• How to protect yourself from hazardous chemicals.

Note: For HAZCOM compliant training, if type is in orange on slides, make sure the employees you are training do the activity and you update your HAZCOM program to match the responses of your COMPANY.

What is hazard communication?

Employees who work with Hazardous Chemical have a “Right to Know” :

•what those chemicals are,

•what hazards are associated with those chemicals,

•what they can do to protect themselves,

•how to handle and store products they work with,

•what to do if they have an emergency working with those chemicals.

Employers need a formal written program that includes employee training. This is often called a “HAZCOM” program. They need to be based on WAC 296-901

2

HAZARD COMMUNICATION

What is GHS?

•Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals - needed because of global economy

•Internationally Developed System to protect workers by using the same criteria (testing procedures, exposure limits, etc) to determine the hazards of chemicals

•Safety Data Sheets must be created based on the same 16 part format

•The use of visually based warning symbols (pictograms) on product labels so workers can immediately identify the hazards associated with the products they use.

2

GHS

2

WHO NEEDS A HAZCOM PROGRAM?

What must our company do to be in compliance? •Companies must have a written HAZCOM Plan.•It includes list of chemicals you have in your workplace.•Collect an SDS (MSDS if SDS is not available) for each of the chemicals and have available for employees.•Train your employees on how to read an SDS and Hazard Label.•Provide proper PPE for the chemicals your employees use.

HAZCOM COMPLIANCE


What is considered a “Hazardous Chemical?”

• A hazardous chemical is any chemical that can do harm to your body

• Most industrial chemicals can harm you at some level

• Employees who use chemicals (other than retail packaged products used for their intended purpose) must have access to the SDS and warning labels for products they use at work.


How do hazardous chemicals affect the body?

The effect a certain chemical has on the body depends on several factors:

• The physical form of the chemical

• How the chemical enters the body

• The amount of chemical that actually enters the body - the dose

• How toxic (poisonous) the chemical is

TYPES OF CHEMICALS

The Three Forms of Chemicals

All chemicals exists in one of three forms:

•Solid

•Liquid

•Gas

CHEMICAL SOLIDS

Solids – Dusts and Particulates

• Dust or powder can be released into the air by cutting, drilling, grinding or sanding and inhaled

• Dust can also be stirred up by dry sweeping and inhaled

• Spraying Paint causes particulates to be suspended in the air

CHEMICAL SOLIDS

Solids – Fumes and Fibers

•Fumes are extremely small droplets of metal formed when the metal has been vaporized by high temperatures (usually welding)

• Some compounds are fibers which can be similar to dusts but they have an elongated shape (like asbestos or fiberglass)

CHEMICAL LIQUIDS

Liquids

•Liquids can come into direct contactwith the skin and be absorbed into the body

•Liquids can be sprayed and form mists or evaporate and form vapors which can be inhaled

CHEMICAL LIQUIDS

Liquids (Mists)

•Mists can also be inhaled

• Mists can settle on the skin and be absorbed

•Airborne mists can also settle out and contaminate food or drink

CHEMICAL GASES

Gases

•Some can occur naturally

• Vapors can form from liquids

•Carbon Monoxide, Hydrogen Sulfide, and Ammonia gas are some chemicals that have killed workers in the gas form

HOW CHEMICALS ENTER THE BODY

There Are Five Routes of Entry:

•Ingestion – swallowing the chemical

•Inhalation – breathing in the chemical

•Absorption – the chemical soaks through the skin

•Skin or eye contact - chemical does external damage to skin or eyes on contact

•Injection - sharp object pierces the skin


Ingestion (Swallowing)

•Chemicals that are swallowed are absorbed in the digestive tract

•Chemicals can rub off dirty hands and contaminate food, drinks or tobacco products

•Chemicals in the air can settle on food or drink and be swallowed


Inhalation (Breathing)

Airborne chemicals are breathed in through the mouth or nose

•The size of particles or droplets can affect where the chemical settles in the respiratory tract

•Where the chemical settles in the respiratory tract determines what symptoms or diseases will develop


Skin Absorption

•Some chemicals can pass through the skin and be taken into the body’s systems

•Solvents and pesticides are examples of compounds that can be absorbed through the skin

15

CORROSIVE CHEMICALS

Skin Contact

• Corrosives can cause visible skin burns or damage

• The extent of skin damage depends on how long the corrosive is on the skin and how concentrated the corrosive is

24

CORROSIVE CHEMICALS

Eye Contact

• Inhalation of corrosive mists or vapors can cause severe bronchial irritation

• Corrosive chemicals are capable of damaging skin, eyes and the respiratory system

23

Acute chemical burn to the eye


Injection

•Some chemicals can pass through the skin and be taken into the body’s systems thorough a break in the skin

•Needles and sharp objects cause injection hazards

15

CHEMICAL TOXICITYToxicity: How dangerous are chemicals?

•Dose - The effects of any toxic chemical depends on the amount of a chemical that actually enters the body

•Acute Toxicity - The measure of howtoxic a chemical is in a single dose over a short period of time

•Chronic Toxicity – The measure of the toxicity of exposure to a chemical over a long period of time

Lethal Dose - expressed as LD50 or dose at which 50% of a population will die.

16

CHEMICAL TOXICITY

Chronic Toxicity and Acute Toxicity

•Some chemicals will only make you sick if you get an ‘acute” or high dose all at once Example - ammonia

•Some chemicals are mainly known for their chronic or long-term effects Example - asbestos

•Most chemicals have both acute and chronic effects Example – carbon monoxide

17

HEALTH HAZARDS

What are some of the things chemicals can do to you?

•Carcinogens - these chemicals may give you CANCER.

• Check to see if the chemicals you are using are on DOSH’s carcinogen list for special rules when working with these chemicals.

•Teratogens - these chemicals hurt unborn babies, or CAUSE BIRTH DEFECTS.

•Mutagens- these chemicals cause BIRTH DEFECTS and sometimes CANCER in the exposed worker

•Sensitizers - these chemicals can cause an ALLERGIC REACTION in smaller and smaller doses, that can be deadly.

18

CHEMICAL TOXICITY

Chemical Exposure Limits

•Many chemicals have exposure limits, or allowable amounts of a chemical in the air without having to wear additional protection.

•These limits are often called “PELs” or “TLVs”.

•They are based on 8-hour average exposure or ceiling or peak levels.

•Levels must be kept below these limits for safety.

•Employers have an obligation to monitor for many of these chemicals or use historical data to estimate PEL

Example: 100 parts per million

18

PHYSICAL HAZARDS - FLAMMABILITY

Air100%

Air0%

Methane100%

Methane0%

The flash point is the lowest temperature that a flammable liquid can generate enough vapor to

form a mixture with air that will ignite.

Flammable Range: The limits of flammability is the range that a mixture of air and vapor is flammable. Chemicals have an upper and lower flammability limit (LFL, UFL).

5.3%LFL

15.0%UFL

Boom!

Too RichToo Lean

Vapor pressure is a measure of how fast a liquid evaporates.

“Vapor density” is a measure of how heavy a vapor is compared to air. Air has a vapor density of 1.

Vapors with a density greater than air can flow like a liquid collect near the floor. Acetone, for example, has a vapor density of 2 and sinks.

This may create a fire or explosion hazard if the vapor flows to an ignition source.

34

PHYSICAL HAZARDS - VAPOR DENSITY

Explosions are physical hazards.

Explosive; fire, blast or projection hazards by self-reactive substances, substances that can burn without oxygen; or that may explode when disturbed will be labeled with this symbol.

Explosions are often caused by pressurized cylinders and can be accelerated by oxidizers.

34

PHYSICAL HAZARDS - EXPLOSIONS

34

THIS IS ALL GETTING A BIT TECHNICAL - HOW DOES IT WORK WITH

THE AVERAGE EMPLOYEE?

CHEMICALS AT WORKMEET BOB

•Works for Industrial Maintenance Company for Historic Buildings

•Does everything from cleaning windows, to restoring metal surfaces, to repair grout

•Bob works with many different kinds of chemicals

CHEMICALS AT WORKHow can Bob’s Company protect him from Chemicals?

•The HAZCOM ADMINISTRATOR for his company trains Bob on Chemicals, SDS, and Labels with this Presentation BEFORE Bob works with hazardous chemicals.

•Give Bob access to a list of SDS and copies of SDSs for the chemicals he works with, so he that he can double check all procedures.

•Make sure Bob has the correct PPE for the chemicals he works with.

Our company’s HAZCOM Administrator will be:___________________* Put in HAZCOM PLAN

HAZCOM TRAINING- GHS LABELSWhat does Bob need to know about chemical labels?

Bob learns the products he works with need to come with a warning label.

He needs to leave the product in the original container whenever possible.

If he puts the chemical in a new container, he needs to put a GHS Label on the container.

That will be our companies plan too.

GHS LABELS MUST HAVE 6 THINGS

MAKING LABELSMaking GHS Labels:

The information you need to make a label for a product is on the SDS (MSDS) for the product. Many online label making services (JJKeller) and apps are becoming available where you can make or get a GHS label on the jobsite using an IPad or Smartphone.

Our company will make labels by: _____________________________ * Put in HAZCOM PLAN

Did you say “MAKE” a label?

How do we do that?

GHS HAZARD COMMUNICATIONWhat do the Pictograms mean?

• Health Hazards

• Physical Hazards

• Environmental Hazards

GHS PICTOGRAMS

Exclamation Point:Chemicals that are acutely toxic and that can be harmful or toxic by ingestion, inhalation, or contact with the skin or eyes, often with a small dose.

Most of the cleaning products Bob uses have some minor health effects and may cause skin to

become irritated.

Cleaning Supplies:

Some of Bob’s cleaning supplies can cause longterm health effects like cancer, other can make him violently ill and do damage to specific organs.

GHS PICTOGRAMS

Health Hazard:Chemicals that pose Health Hazards and can cause acute or chronic health effects such as respiratory function damage, cancer, specific organ function damage, sexual dysfunction, fertility problems, birth defects and genetic mutations are represented by this symbol.

GHS PICTOGRAMS

PICTOGRAMSBug Spray: One of Bob ’s jobs is to spray for bugs. If he accidentally ingested some of the chemical or some absorbed through his skin, it would be bad!In fact....

PICTOGRAMSSkull and Crossbones: Chemicals that are acutely toxic and that can be harmful or toxic by ingestion, inhalation, or contact with the skin or eyes, often with a small dose.

PICTOGRAMSEtching metal: Another one of Bob’s jobs is to etch metal at one of the buildings to make it look stressed and old. To accomplish that Bob spray’s a corrosive chemical on it. It’s not only corrosive to metal....

PICTOGRAMSCorrosives: Chemicals that can be corrosive to metal, skin, or cause damage to eyes can be labeled with this symbol.

PPEPPE:

Personal Protective equipment such as •gloves, •safety goggles,•respirators, •and specialty chemical protective clothing could have protected Bob from many of these hazards.

Our company provides the PPE in the precautionary statements and on the SDS for chemicals our employees work with.

PICTOGRAMSWelding: Bob does a little welding in some of the buildings he works on. One is at a public pool built in the 1940s. There is lots of pipe to weld in the pump room, which is where they also store the pool chemicals.

PICTOGRAMSFLAME: Flammable solids, gases, aerosols, liquids, or; self-reactive substances and mixtures; pyrophorics, self-heating chemicals; chemicals that ignite when exposed to water and organic peroxides can be depicted with this symbol.

GAS CYLINDER: Gases under pressure may explode if heated.This pictogram would be used for compressed gases, liquified gases, refrigerated liquified gases, and dissolved gases. Gases may cause cryogenic burns or injuries.

PICTOGRAMSFLAME OVER CIRCLE: This symbol represents an oxidizer. Oxidizers are chemicals that cause or help other chemicals to burn by adding oxygen to the chemical process. Oxidizers can be gases, liquids, or solids.

To make matters worse, where Bob is

welding the pool chemicals are

oxidizers... and Bob starts a small fire.

Which becomes a big fire..

PICTOGRAMS

EXPLODING BOMB: Explosive; fire, blast or projection hazards by self-reactive substances, substances that can burn without oxygen; or that may explode when disturbed will be labeled with this symbol.

WHICH EXPLODES!

PICTOGRAMS

ENVIRONMENT: This non-mandatory pictogram represents a chemical’s effect on water, aquatic life or other impacts on the environment. It warns of immediate and long term hazards to the aquatic environment.

Bob next job for this company would been work that cleans up old factories....

OUR COMPANIES CHEMICALS

Activity:

Think of the types of chemicals our company uses that need pictograms and match them with the correct symbol.

Example: Ammonia -

TASKS THAT INVOLVE CHEMICALS The following activities are where our company uses or hazardous chemicals are present:

•Spraying Paints, Primers, or Stains

•Spreading or spraying certain glues

•Cleaning _____________________________________

•_____________________________________________

•_____________________________________________

•_____________________________________________

* Put this list in our Written HAZCOM Plan

36

PROTECTING YOURSELF

If you have been exposed to a chemical and feel sick:

•Let your supervisor know

•Find out what the chemical was

•Follow the first aid directions in the SDS

•Get medical attention as needed

•Check your PPE before going back to the area

50

GETTING INFORMATION

How do you get information about hazardous chemicals?

You can get information two ways:

•From the product label

•From the product Safety Data Sheet

38

GETTING INFORMATIONWhat is a Safety Data Sheet?

Safety Data Sheets (SDS) and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) are information sheets on products that:

•Tells what chemicals are in the product

•What the hazards of the chemicals are

•How to protect yourself from the hazards

Safety Data Sheets for our company are located in the following locations

Company Office - on the office computer under ______________ and in the book labeled HAZCOM PROGRAM and GHS SDS.

On the Job site - in the HAZCOM ADMINISTRATOR’s TRUCK

________________________________________________________40

SAFETY DATA SHEETS

SAFETY DATA SHEETS

40

SAFETY DATA SHEETS

PROTECTING YOURSELF

You can protect yourself from hazardous chemicals by:

•Knowing what is in the product your work with

•Using the smallest amount of a chemical to do the job

•Wearing necessary personal protective equipment

47

PROTECTING YOURSELF

In the case of a leak or spill, protect yourself by:

•Informing your supervisor of unusual odors, spills, or releases

•Leaving an area of a large spill or chemical release

Call ___________ and explain the circumstances of the spill. In addition, our company has this policy: _________________________________________

49

HAZARD COMPLIANCE

Choose a HAZCOM Administrator and fill out the

HAZCOM Program.

Make a list of chemicals you have in your workplace.

Collect an SDS (MSDS if SDS is not available) for

each of the chemicals and put in a book labeled

HAZCOM Program and SDS sheets, give employees

access.

Review the HAZCOM program with your employees.

Train employees how to read an SDS, focus on

Sections 2,4,6-8.

Show employees how to read GHS Product Labels

Have proper PPE available for the chemicals which

your employees use.

Download - HAZARD COMMUNICATION AND GHS

Top Related