![Page 1: Heart Elastic Arteries Muscular Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Veins 1) Arteries (away) 2) Capillaries 3) Veins (toward) Vessel Types: Blood Vessel -](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649e4c5503460f94b40d46/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Heart
ElasticArteries
MuscularArteries
Arterioles
Capillaries
Veins
1) Arteries (away)
2) Capillaries
3) Veins (toward)
Vessel Types:
Blood Vessel - Anatomy:
Venules
![Page 2: Heart Elastic Arteries Muscular Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Veins 1) Arteries (away) 2) Capillaries 3) Veins (toward) Vessel Types: Blood Vessel -](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649e4c5503460f94b40d46/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Structure and function - arterial system.
• 1/3 Conducting– The aorta & major branches
• Thickest• Largest• Elastic tubes
– Arteriosclerosis – Atherosclerosis (thickening) = turbulent flow– Balloon or burst (aneurysm)
![Page 3: Heart Elastic Arteries Muscular Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Veins 1) Arteries (away) 2) Capillaries 3) Veins (toward) Vessel Types: Blood Vessel -](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649e4c5503460f94b40d46/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Arterial System
• 2/3 Distributing – Delivery to organs – More active constriction – Less distensible
• Renal/urine - NFP
• 3/3 Arterioles• Flow determined by arteriole diameter• Constricted = bypassed• Dilated = local flow
![Page 4: Heart Elastic Arteries Muscular Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Veins 1) Arteries (away) 2) Capillaries 3) Veins (toward) Vessel Types: Blood Vessel -](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649e4c5503460f94b40d46/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Capillary Flow Control
• Precapillary sphincter– Cuff of smooth muscle fibers
» Open = flow
» Closed = shunt
![Page 5: Heart Elastic Arteries Muscular Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Veins 1) Arteries (away) 2) Capillaries 3) Veins (toward) Vessel Types: Blood Vessel -](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649e4c5503460f94b40d46/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Heart Elastic Arteries Muscular Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Veins 1) Arteries (away) 2) Capillaries 3) Veins (toward) Vessel Types: Blood Vessel -](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649e4c5503460f94b40d46/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Venous System.
– ↑ diameter– walls gradually ↔
• Venules→Veins– Larger lumens than corresponding
arteries» Reservoirs » 65% body’s blood supply
– VALVES for backflow» Most abundant in limbs - gravity
Vein Valve:
![Page 7: Heart Elastic Arteries Muscular Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Veins 1) Arteries (away) 2) Capillaries 3) Veins (toward) Vessel Types: Blood Vessel -](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649e4c5503460f94b40d46/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Blood Vessels:
Heart
Arteries Arterioles
Capillaries
VenulesVeins
• Carry blood away from heart
• Thick-walled:
• Smooth muscle / elastic fibers
• Withstand high pressure
Arteries
![Page 8: Heart Elastic Arteries Muscular Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Veins 1) Arteries (away) 2) Capillaries 3) Veins (toward) Vessel Types: Blood Vessel -](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649e4c5503460f94b40d46/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Blood Vessels:
Heart
Arteries Arterioles
Capillaries
VenulesVeins
• Control distribution of blood flow
• Smooth muscle expands / contracts
• Under hormone / NS control
Arterioles
![Page 9: Heart Elastic Arteries Muscular Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Veins 1) Arteries (away) 2) Capillaries 3) Veins (toward) Vessel Types: Blood Vessel -](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649e4c5503460f94b40d46/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Blood Vessels:
Heart
Arteries Arterioles
Capillaries
VenulesVeins
• Nutrients / waste exchanged with cells:
• Vessel wall one-cell thick
• Blood flow very slow
• Materials exit / enter via diffusion
Capillaries
![Page 10: Heart Elastic Arteries Muscular Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Veins 1) Arteries (away) 2) Capillaries 3) Veins (toward) Vessel Types: Blood Vessel -](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649e4c5503460f94b40d46/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Blood Vessels:
Heart
Arteries Arterioles
Capillaries
VenulesVeins
• Carry blood towards the heart
• Thin-walled; large diameter
• 65% blood volume in veins
Veins
![Page 11: Heart Elastic Arteries Muscular Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Veins 1) Arteries (away) 2) Capillaries 3) Veins (toward) Vessel Types: Blood Vessel -](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649e4c5503460f94b40d46/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Blood Vessels:
Heart
Arteries Arterioles
Capillaries
VenulesVeins
• Carry blood towards the heart
• Thin-walled; large diameter
• 65% blood volume in veins
Veins
• Low pressure system
• Blood return to heart assisted by:
1) Valves
2) Skeletal muscle pumps
![Page 12: Heart Elastic Arteries Muscular Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Veins 1) Arteries (away) 2) Capillaries 3) Veins (toward) Vessel Types: Blood Vessel -](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649e4c5503460f94b40d46/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Blood Vessels• Major arteries.
• Aorta – Ascending, arch, thoracic, abdominal
• Brachiocephalic• Ext. & Int. carotid• Pulmonary• Axillary, brachial, radial, ulnar • Femoral, post. tibial
– Major veins• Superior VC• Ext. & int. jugular• Pulmonary• Brachiocephalics• Internal & external iliac• Femoral..
![Page 13: Heart Elastic Arteries Muscular Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Veins 1) Arteries (away) 2) Capillaries 3) Veins (toward) Vessel Types: Blood Vessel -](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649e4c5503460f94b40d46/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Heart - Flow Through Heart:
Myocardial Infarction::
• Prolonged blockage of coronary vessels
![Page 14: Heart Elastic Arteries Muscular Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Veins 1) Arteries (away) 2) Capillaries 3) Veins (toward) Vessel Types: Blood Vessel -](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649e4c5503460f94b40d46/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Circuitsof the
CirculatorySystem:
![Page 15: Heart Elastic Arteries Muscular Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Veins 1) Arteries (away) 2) Capillaries 3) Veins (toward) Vessel Types: Blood Vessel -](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649e4c5503460f94b40d46/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Major branches - coronary
![Page 16: Heart Elastic Arteries Muscular Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Veins 1) Arteries (away) 2) Capillaries 3) Veins (toward) Vessel Types: Blood Vessel -](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649e4c5503460f94b40d46/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Coronary Vessels
![Page 17: Heart Elastic Arteries Muscular Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Veins 1) Arteries (away) 2) Capillaries 3) Veins (toward) Vessel Types: Blood Vessel -](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649e4c5503460f94b40d46/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Step 1:
• Depolarization wave initiated by sinoatrial node (SA Node)
Sequence of ExcitationHeart Physiology:
• Impulse to atrioventricular node (AV Node) where briefly delayed
Step 2:
![Page 18: Heart Elastic Arteries Muscular Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Veins 1) Arteries (away) 2) Capillaries 3) Veins (toward) Vessel Types: Blood Vessel -](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649e4c5503460f94b40d46/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Sequence of ExcitationHeart Physiology:
Step 3:
• Impulse to atrioventricular bundle and into bundle branches
Step 4:
• Impulse spreads throughout ventricles along Purkinje fibers
![Page 19: Heart Elastic Arteries Muscular Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Veins 1) Arteries (away) 2) Capillaries 3) Veins (toward) Vessel Types: Blood Vessel -](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649e4c5503460f94b40d46/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
IntrinsicConduction
System:
![Page 20: Heart Elastic Arteries Muscular Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Veins 1) Arteries (away) 2) Capillaries 3) Veins (toward) Vessel Types: Blood Vessel -](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649e4c5503460f94b40d46/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Controlof heart rate: