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High performance, low carbon: ICT and the environment
many people, including Mike Norris
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Agenda
• The challenge• The ICT sector• GN3-NA3.5• Preliminary results• Conclusion
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The Challenge
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Climate change – some trendsClimate Change 2007: Synthesis Report, IPCC
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Global & ContinentalTemperature Change
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Changes in GHG emissions(source: UNFCCC)
Country GHG emission 2004 (Mtonne of CO2)
GHG emission change 1990-2004
Kyoto Treaty obligation 2008-2012
Austria 79 15.7% -13%
Canada 599 26.6% -6%
Denmark 70 -1.1% -8%
European Comm 4253 -0.6% -8%
Finland 71 14.5% -8%
Germany 1226 -17.2% -8%
Hungary 123 -31.8% -6%
Iceland 3 -5.0% +10%
Ireland 56 23.1% -8%
Poland 564 -31.2% -6%
Sweden 72 -3.5% -8%
USA 6103 15.8%
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The ICT Sector
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Trends in ICT sector
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Data centres
• 120 x 109 Kwh/year= ~2% of global CO2 emission= emission from aviation industry
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… we have to be SMART
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Routers: a power law for power consumption
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IT mitigation
• Videoconference2-day trip to a meeting 1000km away, VC can save €1000 and 500kg of CO2 per person
• TeleworkingEvery teleworker can save ~ 1 ton of CO2 a year
• Dematerialisation & substitutione.g. E-books, e-banking etc
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GN3-NA3.5
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Structure of GN3• Joint research activities
- JRA1: future network- JRA2: multi-domain resources & services- JRA3: enabling communities
• Network activities- NA1: management- NA2: joint dissemination & outreach- NA3: status & trends- NA4: liaison & support
• Service activities- SA1: GÉANT network architecture design & planning, procuring, building & operating
- SA2: multi-domain service operation
- SA3: end-user services in a federated environment
- SA4: software governance
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GN3
NA3: Status and trends
Task 5: environmental
effect
NORDUnet HUNGARnet PSNC HEAnet
Environmental working group
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GN3-NA3.5: work programme
• Baseline audits...... of GÉANT and partner NRENs, using standards, such as ISO 14064
• Best current practice...... and practical policies
• Final results...... and recommendations
Throughout, liaison with other GN3 tasks, with NRENs and with projects such as Canarie’s Green
IT pilot
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GHG audit
Office Data centres- services
Transportation- commute
- on mission
Backbone network
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Preliminary results
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Office7% Transport
2%
Data centres36%
Backbone30%
Schools network
24%
HEAnet GHG emissionsPr
ovisi
onal
–
to b
e che
cked
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GHG emission from schools network
School routers67%
Network + services33%
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HEAnet staff commute
Walk or cycle32%
Public transport55%
Car or motorbike14%
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Conclusion
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Further work
• Wasteful redundancy – dual PSU and equipment resilience ?
• Does equipment need to be powered on if it’s not in service or likely to be?
Some questions that need to be addressed, without impinging on the level of service
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Investigating RE sources
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Caution
“Green struck my head open,and freed me from all thinking!”
From “Bus” by Marina Tsvetaeva, 1934-36
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Thank you