Download - High Tech Materials
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HIGH-TECH MATERIALS
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VACUUM INSULATED PANELS
A Vacuum Insulated Panel (VIP)
consists of a gas-tight enclosure and a
rigid core from which the air has been
evacuated.
By removing air from fiber, powder, or
foam core materials VIPs achieve highthermal performance at a fraction of
the thickness of cut-to-fit insulation
materials. VIP products are made-to-fit
architectural details, with specified
service lives for floor, wall, and roof
constructions. Quality control of component manufacture is important.
A VIP uses the insulating effects of a
vacuum to produce much higher
thermal resistance than conventional
insulation.
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INSULTED GLAZING
These units use the thermal and acousticinsulating properties of a gas (or vacuum)contained in the space formed by the unit.They can provide good insulation withoutsacrificing transparency . Single glazed
tinted and reflective glasses can providesimilar thermal insulation, but for the sameinsulation performance are harder to seethrough and provide little protectionagainst unwanted sound.
Most IGUs are double glazed, but IGUs
with three sheets or more, i.e. "tripleglazing" are becoming more common dueto higher energy costs. Insulated glazingmay be framed in a sash, frame or in acurtain wall.
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AERO GEL
Aero gel is a manufactured
material with the lowest bulk
density of any known porous
solid. It is derived from a gel in
which the liquid component of
the gel has been replaced with agas. The result is an extremely
low-density solid with several
remarkable properties, most
notably its effectiveness as a
thermal insulator and its
extremely low density.
Aero gel supporting a Brick
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PROPERTIES
Aero gels are good thermal insulators because they almost nullify the threemethods of heat transfer(convection, conduction and radiation). They are good
conductive insulators because they are composed almost entirely from a gas, and
gasses are very poor heat conductors. Silica aero gel is especially good because
silica is also a poor conductor of heat
USES
Commercially, aero gels have been used in granular form to add insulation to
skylights.
Transparent silica aero gel would be very suitable as a thermal insulation materialfor windows,
Aero gel performance may be augmented for a specific application by the addition
of dopants, reinforcing structures, and hybridizing compounds. Using this approach,
the breadth of applications for the material class may be greatly increased.
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GEOTEXTILES
Geotextiles are permeable
fabrics which, when used in
association with soil have the
ability to separate, filter,
reinforce, protect, or drain.
Typically made frompolypropylene or polyester,
geotextile fabrics come in three
basic forms: woven, needle
punched , or heat bonded
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Geotextiles and related
products have many
applications and currently
support many civil engineering
applications including roads,
airfields, railroads,
embankments, retaining
structures, reservoirs, canals,
dams, bank protection, coastal
engineering and construction
site silt fences. Usually
geotextiles are placed at the
tension surface to strengthenthe soil. Geotextiles are also
used for sand dune armoring to
protect upland coastal property
from storm surge, wave action
and flooding
GEOTEXTILES
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EPOXY ANCHORING SYSTEMS
Epoxy Anchoring Systems are
designed for use in anchoring
threaded rod, bolts, reinforcing bars
and smooth dowels into concrete and
other solid base materials. The
system also can be used to anchorinto hollow masonry materials using
threaded rod and screen tubes.
This epoxy-based adhesive is for use
as a high strength, non-shrink anchor
grouting material. Resin and
hardener are dispensed and mixedsimultaneously through the mixing
nozzle.
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It can be used against:
Seismic/wind loading
Long-term creep at
elevated-temperature
Static loading at
elevated-temperature
Damp and water-filled
holes
Freeze-thaw conditions
Critical and minimum
edge distance and
spacing
EPOXY ANCHORING SYSTEMS
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Bubble aluminum radiant insulation
PET aluminum bubble film
consists of layers of
polyethylene bubbles
(single/double) that are
laminated between layers of
PET aluminum. The
polyethylene encapsulated
air bubbles serve as an
effective thermal break as
well as vapor barrier, while
the two outer layers of
aluminum reflect up to 97%
of all of the radiant heating
energy.
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Recommended use and benefits:(1)Major materials source for
auto accessories-sun shade, sun
shield, ice bag, cooler bag, ice
box.
(2) Homeowners, new and
rebuild: wall, attics, duct and pipewrap, post frame, block and
concrete wall, plumbing and
HVAC; Floor joist, slab, shed,
roofs and ceilings
(3) 3 in 1 insulation: vapor
barrier, thermal barrier, radiantbarrier
(4) Agricultural insulation: Dairy
barns, poultry house, hog shed,
etc, for the purpose of clean,
non-toxic, damp and water
resistant, radiant heat insulation
Bubble aluminum radiant insulation
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MUDBRICK OR ADOBE
Mudbrick or adobe is a buildingmaterial which consists of clay-loamsoil puddled with water, sometimescontaining straw. The ideal soilrequires a clay content and thestraw can be added to reduce drying
and cracking.However, almost any soil can beadapted to make mud bricks;making it one of the most flexibleand convenient building methods.It is most popular due to itssimplicity, which is easily grasped by
the layperson with limitedexperience, time or resources.
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Manufacture and laying
Adobe bricks are made with a completelysaturated mixture of clay and sand (andsometimes straw or manure), poured orpressed into forms, which are then
removed. After the bricks have dried forseveral days, they are turned on edge forfurther drying, then stacked for transportor for use on site. Typically, mud mortaris used, but a concrete- or lime-basedmortar has also been employed in certain
cases. Various stabilizers for the adobesthemselves have been developed, withmost, however, relying on cementitiousor asphalt-based compounds.
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The different material properties which
makes material selection critical:
Strength
Thickness
Elasticity
weight, etc.)
Common materials for doubly-curved
fabric structures are Teflon coated
fiberglass and PVC coated polyester.
MEMBRANE MATERIALS
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Architectural fabrics are composites of woven
substrate fiber protected by an applied
coating.
The finish coating applied to the substratematerial seals the fabric against weather and
dirt, provides resistance to ultraviolet light,
functions as a medium for joining panels and,
in some cases, incorporates fire-resistant
chemicals.
The roof can be a source of light at night bydirecting artificial light on its highly reflective
surface.
Primarily nylon, polyester, polyethylene and
fiberglass are used.
The proper selection of membrane material is based on:proposed structure's size
Form
Function
project economics, and
desired longevity.
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PTFE is used world wide as the
preferred material for large-scale
permanent structures.
It has excellent weather, temperatureand chemical resistance in addition to its
durability and strength.
This material has a life span of over 25
years and is manufactured in accordance
to standards.
Before installation, PTFE has an irregularoff white or slightly brown color, which is
caused during the manufacturing and
fabrication process.
TEFLON COATED FIBREGLASS (PTFE)
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EDEN PROJECT
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HDPE is a mesh material
manufactured and used in a
variety of ways.
This high-density
polyethylene fabric provideshigh tensile strength, biaxial
stability under load, UV
stability, high UV absorption,
and a Class A fire resistance.
This fabric is especially well
suited for dry/hot climateswhere protection from sun
and hail is desired.
HDPE membranes are not
waterproof.
HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (HDPE)