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Group 1
Ajay Kumar (1411211)
G Nitin (1411224)
Krubakar M (1411237) Nikhil Kumar Choudhary (1411251)
hipra A!ar"al (14112#5)
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Table of Contents
ALUMINIUM INDUSTRY IN INDIA
HINDALCO COMPANY OVERVIEW
RESOURCE BASED VIEW
RESOURCES
CONTROL ACROSS VALUE CHAIN
BRANDS
FINANCIAL S TRENGTH
GLOBAL PRESENCE
CAPABILITIES
INBOUND AND OUTBOUND LOGISTICS
INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT
OPERATIONS TECHNOLOGY AND R&D
VRIN ANALYSIS AND COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
CURRENT STRATEGY
OPPORTUNITIES AHEAD
LIGHT-WEIGHTING
APPLICATIONS IN AUTOMOBILE
MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS
IMPLEMENTATION
RECYCLABILITY
IMPLEMENTATION
COST REDUCTION
IMPLEMENTATION 10
CONCLUSION 11
EXHIBITS 12
Aluminium Industry in India
$ndia% "ith a population o& o'r on billion on*umd 1+7 million tonn o& primary aluminium in
2,13% "hil th "orld on*umd 5, million tonn o& primary aluminium th *am yar 1+ 17 prnt
o& th "orld population on*umd 3+4 prnt o& th "orld-* primary aluminium+
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idnti&id *om o& th ky &or* in play and th mr!in! trnd* that " bli' "ill dri' th
&utur !ro"th o& th indu*try+
• h aluminium indu*try in $ndia i* an oli!opoly+ hr ar thr major playr* "ith *imilar
markt *har+ h main produt% primary aluminium% i* undi&&rntiatd+ h ti&& i* ba*d on
pri and uality% and th main ontributin! &ator to bottomlin i* th o*t o& prodution+
• $t i* a hi!hly apital intn*i' indu*try% a* on nd* to *tabli*h a numbr o& &ailiti* *tartin!
&rom minin! to *mltr*+ h inumbnt* njoy onomi* o& *al and al*o ha' in*talld
apaity to rtaliat a!ain*t any n" ntrant and &or him out o& th markt+
• 6auit and oal (po"r) ar th t"o major ra" matrial* &or thi* indu*try+ All inumbnt*
oprat apti' bauit min*+ Coal minin! lin* or po"r i* ompltly undr ontrol o& th
!o'rnmnt o& $ndia+ Gi'n th rnt dr!ulation o& oal *tor and &urthr upomin!
aution*% *l&minin! o& oal "ill &urthr rdu o*t+
• h major u*r *!mnt &or aluminium in $ndia ar ltrial (48)% tran*port (158)%
on*trution (138)% paka!in! (48)% on*umr durabl (78)% mahinry and uipmnt (78)
and othr* (#8)+2
• Aluminium bin! a li!ht"i!ht mtal i* !oin! to ha' inra*d dmand in th automoti'%
on*umr durabl and paka!in! *tor*+
• h rylability o& aluminium "ill b a ky !ro"th dri'r &or th indu*try in th &utur+
9roduin! *ondary aluminium ruir* only 5 prnt o& nr!y and rla** 5 prnt o&
Grn :ou* Ga** in ontra*t to primary aluminium+ hi* "ill *ub*tantially rdu th
prodution o*t and any &urthr upomin! arbon ta+
(6a*d on ubmi**ion 1)
Hindalco Company Overview
;*tabli*hd in 105% :indalo% part o& th Aditya 6irla Group% i* a ladin! aluminium and oppr
produr in $ndia+ $t* &ir*t prodution &aility "a* ommi**iond in <nukoot in =ttar 9rad*h in
10#2+ $t ha* !ro"n rapidly *in thn and urrntly oprat* &our plant* produin! primary
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aluminium% &i' &or &lat rolld produt*% t"o &or tru*ion*% on &or &oil* and on oppr unit in
$ndia+
ill 2,,3 :indalo "a* an up*tram playr
&ou*in! on primary aluminium a* it* major
produt+ 9o*t 2,,3 it addd do"n*tram
opration* to it* port&olio% on'rtin! primary
aluminium to a numbr o& 'alu addd
produt*+ hi* "a* in part ahi'd throu!h
mr!r* and aui*ition*% th bi!!*t bin!
$ndal in $ndia and No'li* in North Amria+
$n 2,13% 4#8 o& :indalo-* r'nu "a* &rom
th *al o& primary aluminium and 548 &rom
'alu addd (do"n*tram) produt*3+
hr major playr*% :indalo% Nalo and >danta (trlit) $ndu*tri*% dominat aluminium
indu*try in $ndia% "ith :indalo apturin! th hi!h*t markt *har o& 3084+
3 :indalo?Annual?<port?2,1314
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Resource Based View
Resources
idnti&id &our ky r*our* that at a* a *our o& omptiti' ad'anta! &or th &irm+ hy
ar @ ontrol aro** 'alu hain% produt* and brand*% inanial trn!th and Global pr*n+
Control across value chain
tartin! &rom bauit minin! to primary aluminium% :indalo i* pr*nt in 'ry part o& th 'alu
hain inludin! apti' po"r plant*+ $t i* al*o th only aluminium produr in $ndia that o"n* a
apti' oal min "hih i* u*d &or produin! ltriity in it* po"r plant*+ :indalo al*o
manu&atur* it* o"n arbon anod to b u*d in th *mltin! pro**+ uh a 'a*t ontrol o'r th
'alu hain nabl* :indalo to b on o& th lo"*t o*t produr* o& aluminium !lobally+5
Brands
h &inal produt* &all into t"o at!ori* @ primary aluminium in th &orm &or in!ot* and billt*%
and 'alu addd produt* lik automobil bodi*% roo&in! *trutur*% tru*ion*% "indo"*% &oil* t+
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h 'alu addd produt* ar *old a* brand* o& :indalo% "hih at* a* a *tron! *our o& *tabl
r'nu and *u*taind omptiti' ad'anta!+ om o& th major brand* ar *ho"n blo"+
Financial tren!th
:indalo% bakd by th on!lomrat Aditya 6irla !roup% ha* a !lobal turno'r o& B14+5 billion#+
$t ha* in'*td o'r $N< 3,%,,, ror* in it* Grn&ild and 6ro"n&ild projt* in $ndia in th la*t
t"o yar*+ $t ha* a 9/; ratio o& 2% "hih i* muh hi!hr than th indu*try a'ra! o& 2, and thi*
di*play* th po*iti' in'*tor *ntimnt to"ard* :indalo+
"lobal #resence
:indalo i* th only $ndian mtal* produr to b pr*nt in 11 ountri*+ $t oprat* 51 unit* "ith
a "ork&or o& 34%,,, &rom 15 nationaliti*+ 3, prnt o& th ompany r'nu om* &rom
port*7+
# :indalo?Annual?<port?2,1314
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Capabilities
Inbound and Outbound $o!istics
u to th ontrol that :indalo njoy* aro** th 'alu hain% mo*t o& it* &ailiti* ar loatd
"ithin lo* proimity thrby minimiDin! th lo!i*ti o*t*+ or in*tan% th po"r &or th
<nukoot plant i* *ourd &rom thir <nu*a!ar apti' po"r% "hih i* *ituatd 4, Km a"ay+ h
plant at :irakud ha* attahd &ailiti* &or produin! do"n*tram produt* lik tru*ion* and &lat
rolld produt*+ :indalo o"n* and oprat* a dry ar!o handlin! &aility in ahj ( ahj
:arbour and $n&ra*trutur Eimitd) in th "*t oa*t o& $ndia+
International %ana!ement
:indalo ha* !ro"n throu!h aui*ition* po*t 2,,3+ $t mana!* No'li* in an ambidtrou*
mannr "ith loal mana!mnt ha'in! all th &rdom and montary *upport thy nd but
onntd at th top+ h uipmnt &or thr n" Grn&ild plant* in $ndia had bn *hippd&rom idl plant* o& No'li* in North Amria% "hih rdud th o*t* o& *tabli*hin! th plant
*ub*tantially+
Operations
6in! th *in!l lar!*t 'rtially int!ratd aluminium produr% it njoy* hu! onomi* o&
*al+ A* a r*ult it i* in th top uartil o& lo" o*t aluminium produr* in th "orld 5+ F'r th
yar*% it ha* d'lopd oprational apabiliti* aro** th 'alu hain *tartin! &rom minin! to
prodution o& do"n*tram 'alu addd produt*+
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Technolo!y and R&'
:indalo ha* t"o ddiatd < ntr* in $ndia alon! "ith on in ah o& it* plant to &ou* on
pro** impro'mnt and n" produt d'lopmnt+ $t al*o in'*td in a joint 'ntur "ith Alm
aro*pa to d'lop li!ht"i!ht appliation* o& aluminium in aro*pa appliation*+ hr "a*
#,8 inra* in th numbr o& patnt appliation* la*t yar+
VRI( Analysis and Competitive Advanta!e
)*hibit + *ho"* th ><$N analy*i* pr&ormd on th &irm* ky r*our*+ h *tron! brand* o&
:indalo and th thnolo!y and r*arh and d'lopmnt apabiliti* d'lopd o'r th yar*
at a* th *our o& *u*taind omptiti' ad'anta!+
Current trate!y
h aluminium indu*try nompa*** &our
typ* o& ompani*. Compani* *uh a* ubal
ha' a** to hap po"r and thy buy
alumina &rom third party manu&aturr* to
*mlt it and produ aluminium0+ Minr* *uh
a* <io into trat alumina and manu&atur
primary aluminium+ o"n*tram produr*
*uh a* apa buy aluminium tradd on Eondon
tok ;han! and on'rt it into aluminium
produt* &or indu*trial u**+ And thr ar
int!ratd !iant* *uh a* Alan that ombin
up*tram and do"n*tram opration*+
ill 2,,3 :indalo "a* only in th up*tram bu*in** o& tratin! alumina and produin! primary
alumina+ Compani* that &ou* on up*tram bu*in*** ha' hi!h mar!in intn*ity and *u&&r &rom
hi!h 'olatility o& r'nu*+ hi* i* on aount o& *pulation* that lad to &lutuation* o& pri* on
mtal *tok han!*+ A* a di'r*i&iation *trat!y &or *tadir r'nu* and not to rmain
boundd in ommodity bu*in** :indalo *tartd to auir do"n*tram ompani*+ h urrnt
idolo!y o& :indalo i* to ha' a balan bt"n hi!hmar!in up*tram produt* and *tadir lo"
mar!in do"n*tram port&olio+
or up*tram prodution th "illin!n** to pay i* dtrmind by th pri uotd on ommodityhan!* and th &ator that di*tin!ui*h* pro&itability o& on &irm &rom anothr i* th o*t o&
prodution+ Co*t omptiti'n** impro'* throu!h oprational &&iiny% ontrol o& ky r*our*
*uh a* bauit and oal min*% *mltin!% po"r plant* and rapin! th bn&it* o& onomi* o&
*al+
or do"n*tram prodution aui*ition* po*t 2,,3 and th runnin! thm a* an ambidtrou* unit
o& :indalo ha* hlpd :indalo b both a o*t ladr and di&&rntiator+ No'li* ha* th &rdom
:indalo?Annual?<port?2,1314
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to d'lop it* o"n apabiliti* "hn it om* to do"n*tram produt*H ;r*t"hil $ndal% ha* it* o"n
<9 plant% and d*tination plant* &or produin! tru*ion* and othr do"n*tram produt*
Opportunities Ahead
“There are times when a leader must move out ahead of the flock, go off in a new direction,
confident that he is leading his people the right way.” - Nelson Mandela
rom our analy*i* o& th indu*try " idnti&id thr ky trnd* that "ill *hap th indu*try &utur+
6a*d on our analy*i* o& th irm% " ha' di*u**d ho" :indalo an u* it* bi!!*t *trn!th* to
mak th b*t u* o& th* opportuniti* mr!in! in th indu*try+
$i!ht,wei!htin!
At 27,, K!/m3 aluminium i* onthird dn*r than *tl1, + :o"'r to maintain th *am *trn!th
onthird rdution in "i!ht i* *ldom ahi'd+ $n *trutural appliation* 1+5 i* th mo*t
&runtly nountrd thikn** ratio o& uipmnt u*in! aluminium in*tad o& *tl+ hi* dirtlytran*lat* to a "i!ht *a'in! o& almo*t 5, prnt+
Applications in Automobile
Automobil $ndu*try i* 'ol'in!+ h !o'rnmnt* all o'r th "orld ar impo*in! tou!hr and
tou!hr arbondioid mi**ion *tandard*+ ;uropan 'hil* ha' bn mandatd to dra*
arbondioid mi**ion to 05 !/Km by 2,2,% uallin! a CAG< o& 3+08 pr yar 11+
)*hibit - !i'* a &air rpr*ntation o& th li& tim arbondioid *a'in! that an b ahi'd on
aount o& li!ht"i!htin!+ Fn th &ul part% Chri*top Ko&&lr ha* *ho"n in hi* papr 12 that th &ul
on*umption in ordr to mo' a ma** o& 1,, k! o'r 1,, Km amount* to ,+12 litr o& di*l and
,+15 litr o& ptrol r*pti'ly+ o o'r th la*t thr yar* Mahindra ha* &&ti'ly inra*d th
mila! o& I=> 5,, by 5+1 prnt on aount o& rdution o& "i!ht by 25, K!+ 13
Aluminium on aount o& it* li!ht "i!ht proprty ha* bn &indin! appliation in 'hil* *in
1075+ :o"'r% th !ro"th o'r th la*t dad and th upomin! dad i* !oin! to b
phnomnal+ )*hibit . !i'* th !ro"th o& aluminium u*a! in 'hil+ $n 2,14 th a'ra!
aluminium u*d pr ar i* 1#, K! and it i* ptd to ri* to 25, K! in th nt dad+ h
1, http.//aluminium+mattr+or!+uk/ontnt/html/n!/d&ault+a*pJatid217pa!id214441713,
11 http.//"""+aluurop+u/"pontnt/upload*/2,13/1,/;AAAluminiuminCar*=nlokin!th
li!ht"i!htin!potntial?ptmbr2,13?,3+pd& % pp 3
12 Fn th alulation o& &ul *a'in!* throu!h li!ht"i!ht d*i!n in automoti' li& yl
a****mnt*% Chri*toph Ko&&lr Klau* <ohd 6randnbur!r+ $ntrnational Lournal o& Ei&
Cyl A****mnt (2,1,)% pp
13 http.//artil*+onomitim*+indiatim*+om/2,111,1/n"*/3,205##?1?&ul&&iiny
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annual on*umption o& aluminium by th automobil indu*try !lobally i* ptd to ri* by 17,8
to 37+ Million tonn ()*hibit /)+
$n 2,13 th total on*umption o& aluminium by th automobil indu*try "a* 2 prnt 14% and
:indalo-* *har in r'nu &rom *hipmnt to automobil had bn ju*t a mr 0 prnt+ hr
ha* to b a thr tim* prodution inra* to ha' a 25 prnt *har o& r'nu* &rom automobil
*tor+
%iscellaneous applications
hr ar mor than thr thou*and appliation* o& aluminium in th "orld and $ndia ha* l** than
thr hundrd appliation* o& aluminium+ :n it om* a* a no *hokr than $ndia-* aluminium
pr apita on*umption i* &ar blo" than it* ountrpart* ()*hibit 0)+ h !amut o& a'iation%
mahinry and uipmnt% ltroni* and d&n i* ntirly undrd'lopd in $ndia+ ith ri*in!
inom an inra* o& 1 K! pr apita "ill lad to an inra* o& 1+2 M in dmand+
Implementation
:indalo urrntly oprat* only on plant in Alupuram that manu&atur* aluminium &or
automoti' appliation*+ hi* i* al*o th hou* o& th Maloadr- brand o& aluminium truk
bodi*+
No'li*% auird by :indalo in 2,,7% i* th "orld-* ladin! *upplir o& automoti' *ht mtal 15+
hy ha' a *pialiDd < tam &ou*in! on aluminium alloy *olution* that an b applid in
hood*% trunk*% door*% &ndr*% outr body panl* t+ No'li* al*o pionr* Aluminium >hil
hnolo!y (A>) that nabl* 'olum prodution o& aluminium 'hil *trutur*+ h*
apabiliti* o& No'li* an b u*d to *t up plant* in $ndia that *pialiD on manu&aturin!automoti' omponnt* &or F;M* in $ndia+
Recyclability
h li& yl o& aluminium produt* ar an ption to th traditional li& yl o& any produt
birthtodath+ Aluminium produt* tra'r* thir li& yl &rom birthtobirthH thi* i* bau*
aluminium ha* th proprty o& in&init rylability "ithout any lo** in it* proprti*+ Compard to
th prodution o& primary aluminium% *ondary aluminium nd* 5 prnt nr!y and nr!y
&orm* 4, prnt o& prodution o*t &or primary aluminium+ h "orld a'ra! o& rylability o&
aluminium i* 32 prnt1# "ith th majority o& ;uropan and Amrian ountri* ha'in! a
rylin! rat o& mor than 5,8 1)*hibit 23+ $ndia produ* a *hoddy pitur "hn it om* to thi*
bu*in**+ h only rylin! unit atrin! to orporat nd* i* a minut 25,,, onn pr ar 17
&aility o"nd by :indalo "hih "a* addd to it* port&olio "hn it auird $NAE in 2,,4+
Majority o& th *ondary aluminium prodution in $ndia happn* in th unor!ani*d *tor takin!
14 http.//"""+"orldaluminium+or!/*tati*ti*/OdataH total prodution 50,602 met!" t#$$e% 't#m#(!)e
"#$*'m+t!#$ # )'m!$!'m 1-,./0 met!" t#$$e e!(!t -3
15 http.//"""+no'li*+om/nu*/9a!*/$nno'ationCapabiliti*Automoti'+a*p
1# http.//min*+ni+in/"ritraddata85CContntlink*
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th nt ontribution o& *ondary aluminium to 2, prnt ()*hibit 2)+ hi* i* a 'a*t opportunity
&or inhin! th rylability prnt o& $ndia to"ard* th "*trn a'ra!+
Implementation
h rylin! intn*ity o& a ountry i* a &untion o& markt maturity% on*umption pro&il%
rylin! in*titution* and in&ra*trutur% and < &&ort* o& u*r indu*try+ h a'ra!on*umption pr apita o& aluminium in $ndia i* 2+2 K! and a* th onomy d'lop* thi* a'ra!
i* !oin! to ri* lo*r to "orld a'ra! o& K!+ trn!thnin! th rylin! in*titution and
in&ra*trutur ruir* d'lopmnt o& bak"ard in&ra*trutur and *mltin! apabiliti*+
'lopin! o& rylin! in*titution and in&ra*trutur ruir* a *i *tp approah dpitd
!raphially in )*hibit 4+ Colltor*% di*mantlr*% mtal mrhant* and *rap pro**or* &orm th
bak"ard in&ra*trutur ruird to build th rylin! indu*try+ :indalo nd* to !t in
ollaboration "ith NGF*% muniipal board*% *oial ntrprnur* and n!inrin! in*titut* to
d'lop th* &our *ta!*+ h la*t t"o *ta!* <&inr* and r*mltr* "ill b a r*ult o&
:indalo-* <*arh and 'lopmnt &&ort*+ No'li*% a *ub*idiary o& :indalo% i* a *tat o& thart ompany in rylin! b'ra! an* &or th Amrian and ;uropan markt*+ $t ryl* 5,
billion1 b'ra! an* annually and :indalo an l'ra! th thnolo!y o& No'li* to d'lop
rylin! &ailiti* in $ndia+
Cost Reduction
Alumina% po"r and labour on*titut ,8 o& th total prodution o*t &or primary aluminium+
:n% th t"o ky &ator* that "ill did th loation o& n" *mltr* ar
•
6auit a'ailability ky &or alumina prodution
• 9o"r o*t*
hr i* *tron! trnd o& a*t"ard *hi&tin! o& aluminium *mltin! plant* du to ri*in! po"r o*t*%
*ta!natin! dmand and &allin! !rad* o& bauit r*r'* in th "*t+ o add to that ar th ri*in!
arbon o*t* and arbon import ta in ;urop% "hih &urthr mak* *mltin! mor pn*i' in th
"*t+
A*ia-* *har o& !lobal aluminium prodution inra*d &rom 2,8 in 2,,, to 548 in 2,1, and th
trnd i* ptd to ontinu% th major dri'r bin! alumina pri* and hap lo!i*ti*+
$ndia aount* &or 58 o& "orld bauit r*r'*+ 6ut *till po"r i* uit pn*i' in $ndia and
aount* &or almo*t 4,8 o& th prodution o*t+ $ndia al*o ha* a tou!h loal n'ironmnt% "hih
au** lon! dlay* in land aui*ition and obtainin! laran*+ Currntly% Middl ;a*t ontribut*
#8 to"ard* th "orld aluminium prodution "ithout any a'ailability o& loal alumina and bauit%
th major ra*on bin! hap and abundant nr!y a'ailabl in th Middl ;a*t+
17 http.//"""+mtal"orld+o+in/n"*lttr/jan12/5o'r*tory,112+pd& % pa! 4#
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$ndu*try prt* pt that 0,8 o& th n" apaity addition !lobally &rom 2,1,2,1# i* !oin! b
&rom China% Middl ;a*t and $ndia10+ 6a*d on th ptd !ro"th in min prodution in China%
it* r*r'* o& bauit ar ptd to la*t only # yar*+ hi* pr*nt* a !rat opportunity &or
$ndian ompani* lik :indalo to auir or ntr into joint 'ntur a!rmnt* "ith &irm* in th
Middl ;a*t% a* $ndia ha* a !ood r*r' o& bauit and ountri* lik ubai ha' hap nr!y &or
*mltin!+
Implementation
Middl ;a*t-* apaity o& primary aluminium i* ptd to !ro" to 5 million tonn* by 2,15
"hih "a* only 3+7 million tonn* in 2,122,+ om o& th potntial &irm* ar li*td blo" alon!
"ith thir apaity dtail*13+
• ubai Aluminium (ubal) @ 1%,#1 Ktpa
• Aluminium 6ahrain (Alba) @ 0, Ktpa
• ;mirat* Aluminium (;mal) @ ,, Ktpa
• Patar Aluminium (Patalum) @ #27 Ktpa
• ohar Aluminium @ 3#, Ktpa
• Aluminium Co o& ;!ypt (;!yptalum) @ 31, Ktpa
• $ranian Aluminium ( $ralo) @ 12, Ktpa
• Almahdi Aluminium Co @ 11, Ktpa
• ;ti Aluminium A @ #2 Ktpa
ubal and ;mal ar both o"nd by ;mirat* Global Aluminium 9LC and thir nd u*r produt*
ar &oundry alloy &or automoti' appliation*% tru*ion billt &or &or!in! in automoti' indu*tri*
and hi!h purity aluminium &or ltroni* and aro*pa appliation*% "hih ar th major *tor*
on*umin! aluminium in $ndia21+ Al*o% A*ia i* thir major port markt "ith a *har o& 308 22+
ubal% :indalo and :ydromin $n+ o& =A &ormd into a joint 'ntur in 2,, to d'lop a
bauit minin! and alumina r&inin! &aility in Camroon23+ bli' a &urthr tn*ion o& thi*
10 http.//aluminiumindia+or!/orld*nario+php
2, http.//"""+mbdataba*+om/middla*t
21 http.//min*+!o'+in/"ritraddata/Contntlink*/442b750&504445a05#aa3d&3&a+pd&
22 http.//"""+mbdataba*+om/6a*i$n&ormation/=6AEubaiAluminiumCoEtd/1,54J
la*tarh$d5045
23 http*.//"""+dubal+a/ourin'*tmnt*/up*tramin'*tmnt*+a*p
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rlation*hip bt"n ;mirat* !lobal aluminium and :indalo to d'lop minin! &ailiti* in $ndia
"ith orr*pondin! *mltin! plant* in ubai "ill b a mutually bn&iial rlation*hip+
Conclusion
$ndia i* *tppd onto th "orld *ta! no"% "ith th &at o& o'r a billion popl in our hand*+
Con*trution o& brid!*% hou**% to"r*% !ro"th in dmand o& automobil*% b'ra!* to bimbibd and annd &ood to b atn ar !oin! to ri* mtorially+ or lon! $ndia ha* bn
*hunnin! and po*tponin! th in'itabl d'lopmnt o& $ndia a* a manu&aturin! hub+ :o"'r th
u*tion rmain* &or ho" lon!J ar a t"o trillion dollar onomy a* o& dat and it took u* #,
yar* to b a trillion dollar onomy and anothr 5 yar* to b a t"o trillion dollar onomy+ h
on*umption o& aluminium ha* ju*t *rathd th *ur&a+ ri'r* namly *tritr n'ironmntal
polii*% miniaturiDation% &ou* on nr!y &&iiny% !lobaliDation% d'lopmnt o& n"
appliation* "ill dri' up th u* o& aluminium at a &a*tr rat than ptd+ hat li* ahad o& u*
i* th "hit mtal ru*hQ
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)*hibits
)*hibit +
Resource5Capabilities Valuable Rare
Inimitabl
e
(on,
ubstitutable Implication
Control across Value
Chain * * No NomporaryAd'anta!
Brands * * * *u*taindAd'anta!
Financial stren!th * * No NomporaryAd'anta!
International %!mt6 * * No NomporaryAd'anta!
Technolo!y and R&' * * * *u*taindAd'anta!
Operations * * No NomporaryAd'anta!
)*hibit -
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)*hibit .
)*hibit /
7ear #roduction Aluminium per
car 18!3
Total Aluminium
consumption1%T3
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2,13 7%354%,,324 1#, 13+07
2,25 151%2033%00325 25, 37+
)*hibit 0
https955www6alcoa6com5alumina5en5pdf5-:++;:+;#latts;an;'ie!o;Reyes;FI(A$6pdf
)*hibit 2
)*hibit 4
24 http.//"""+oia+nt/at!ory/prodution*tati*ti*/2,13*tati*ti*/
25 A'ra! prnt inrmnt in prodution in 2,,02,13 had bn 5+128
15