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Hinduism
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Brahman
• Supreme God• Everything part
of Brahman• Goal in life to
unite atman (the soul) with Brahman
• Hindus build temples and shrines
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Multiple Gods
• Hindus believe in MANY gods- POLYTHEISTIC
• Gods and goddesses are part of Brahman• Most important gods: Brahma, Vishnu,
Shiva• Holidays honor the many Gods
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Dharma
• Sacred duty• Individual
dharma determined by personality, age, gender,social class
• Each class has its own duties
• Nonviolence- no harm to animals
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Karma
• Sum of good and bad actions
• Good and bad actions affect future life-what form the soul will take
• Karma justifies the caste system
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Samsara• Belief in
reincarnation• Continuous cycle
of birth, death and rebirth
• Goal in life is achieve moksha and be released from samsara
• People make pilgrimages and unite with Brahman to escape the cycle
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Sacred Texts
• Veda– Written in Sanskrit– Word Veda means
“knowledge”
• Upanishads– Earliest reference to
reincarnation– Originally in oral form
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Worship and Sacred Place
• Most Hindus worship every day at a home shrine
• Hindus make offerings to a murti. A murti is a sacred statue of God or goddess
• Mandir- Hindu Temple
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Major festival- Divali
• New Year Festival/ Festival of Light
• Celebrated all over the world
• 5 days• Usually celebrated in
October/November
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Rituals-Sanskar
• Wedding- can take several hours
• Baby rituals-
Ceremony during pregnancy;
Naming ceremony and many others
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What is the red dot?• Known as a bindhi, tika or
tilaka• “Third eye of Shiva”-
represents the center of knowledge or symbol of respect for ancestors
• Used to be worn only by married women and on holidays- now worn by men and women as fashion
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Other Practices
• Ganges River is holy place
• Pilgrimage to sacred places important
• Fasting
• Belief in reincarnation very important
• YOGA- form of physical and mental exercise - means “Union”- provides a path to Brahman