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How do the COMPONENTS of a
System INTERCONNECT?
http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=faq&dbid=16#digestionAnimation of Digestion
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System have BFS…. IC
Interconnectedness Changes
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The “BFS”
• Behavior = Role (role of each part)
• Function = Purpose (purpose of the whole system)
• Structure = Parts
BF Behavior vs. FunctionBehavior is specificFunction is general
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System have BFS…. IC
• Interconnection – there are links between parts
• Changes – If a part fails to perform, it will affect the whole system
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INGESTION
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FUNCTION/ PURPOSE OF
SYSTEM
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Digestionbreakdown of food into
molecular components small enough to cross the plasma membrane
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Mechanical DigestionSame volume of food
Small total surface areaLarger total surface area
A larger surface area speeds up digestion
saliva
saliva
saliva
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Smaller pieces allow for more areas of contact for enzymes and digestive juices to act on speeding up digestion
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DigestionDefinition• Digestion is the breaking down of food into
smaller and simpler substances
• Mechanical digestion and Chemical digestion do this in different ways
ABSORBED ELIMINATED
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Chemical Digestion is the breaking down of large complicated molecules into simpler ones by the use of enzymes
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http://web.ukonline.co.uk/webwise/spinneret/other/anenz.htm
ENZYME
Orange- food Red and yellow- products
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(glucose)
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Absorption
passage of molecules into body's interior &passage throughout the body
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LARGE INTESTINES
ELIMINATION OF WASTE
REABSORBS WATER & SALTS
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STRUCTURE OF SYSTEM
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The Digestive System Use the words below to label the parts of the digestive system. Liver large intestine appendix anus oesophagus rectum small intestine stomach mouth
The Digestive System Use the words below to label the parts of the digestive system. Liver large intestine appendix anus oesophagus rectum small intestine stomach mouth
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TheDigestiveSystem
Mouth / Teeth
Esophagus
Liver
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Rectum
Anus
Appendix
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OBSERVING DIGESTIVE ORGANS1. External and internal structure of the stomach. a. How would you describe the external appearance of the stomach?
b. What is the action (behavior) of the stomach?
c. How is the stomach designed to perform its function?
2. External and internal structure of the small and large intestines
a. Describe the appearance of the small and large intestines.
b. What are the main actions (behavior) of the small and large intestines?
c. How is the small intestine designed to perform its function?
3. Determining the pH of gastric juice and bile a. Describe the role of gastric juice and bile in digestion.
b. How is the pH of gastric juice and bile related to its role in digestion?
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Cone-shaped tongue papillae, seen here in a colored scanning electron micrograph, contain nerve endings that receive and transmit touch sensations to the brain.
As we begin chewing, the tongue shapes food in a ball-shaped bolus for swallowing.
http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/photos/digestive-system/?source=A-to-Z#/tongue-papillar_1251_600x450.jpg
Tongue PapillaePhotograph by SPL/Photo Researchers, Inc.
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Inside the mouth, shown magnified here, teeth, tongue, and saliva work together to physically and chemically break down food.
Humans produce up to 3 pints (1.4 liters) of saliva daily, and chemical enzymes in the saliva play a major role in disintegrating starchy foods.
http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/photos/digestive-system/?source=A-to-Z#/human-mouth_1002_600x450.jpg
Inside the Human MouthPhotograph by Lennart Nilsson
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This colored scanning micrograph shows a cast of blood vessels from the external wall of the small intestine.
Measuring about 22 feet (6.7 meters) in length, the small intestine performs most of the major digestion and absorption of nutrients.
The walls of the small intestine are lined with millions of projections called villi, which absorb and transmit nutrients into the bloodstream.
http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/photos/digestive-system/?source=A-to-Z#/small-intestine-vessels_1211_600x450.jpg
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VILLI
Image source: http://www.sciencephoto.com/media/310014/enlarge
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BEHAVIOR
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Image source:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/liujoanne/2172007698/
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REGION OF FOOD TUBE
STRUCTURES INVOLVED
BEHAVIOR
MOUTH TeethTongueSalivary Glands
Chewing (physical/mechanical digestion)Moves foodChemical digestion of starch
esophagus muscles peristalsis
STOMACH Stomach liningMixing of food with gastric juice (HCl) producing chymeProtein digestionChurning of food (mechanical)
SMALL INTESTINE
DuodenumIleumLiver
Gall bladderPancreas
Final digestionAbsorptionProduces bile (digest fats/neutralize stomach acids)Stores bileReleases enzymes to help digestion
LARGE INTESTINE
Colon
Rectumanus
Removal of waste; reabsorb water and saltsStoring wasteexcretion
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INTERCONNECTIONDigestion
Absorption Elimination of Waste
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