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How Ecosystems Change Naturally
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What changes will you see?
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Succession
• The normal, gradual changes that occur in the types of species that live in an area.
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Primary Succession
• How will these areas (volcanic rock and glacial rock deposit) change?
• What will plants need to survive here?
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Primary Succession
• Succession that begins in a place that previously had no soil or plants.
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Pioneer Species
• First plants to inhabit an area.
• They often begin the soil building process by breaking down the rocks along with weathering and erosion.
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Lichen• A common pioneer species, it produces
acid that helps weather the rock into soil.
• When it dies, it will also help fertilize the newly forming soil.
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As soil forms, seeds are blown in or dropped by birds or other animals
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Secondary Succession
• Succession that occurs where soil is already present.
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Secondary succession occurs much faster than primary succession-Why?
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Climax Community• A community of plants that is relatively
stable and undisturbed and has reached an end stage of succession. (ex-a forest)
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Review
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What type of succession will occur here?
• Surtsey, an island off the coast of Iceland. It was created in 1963 by a volcanic eruption.
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Primary Succession
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What will the first species to move in be called?
• Pioneer Species
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What is a common pioneer species?
• Lichen (Like-ehn)
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What type of succession will occur here?
• Secondary succession
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What is the final stage of succession called?
• Climax Community