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Human Anatomy and Physiology I, Frolich, Meninges, Ventricles, CSF
Brain Tidbit I: Nourishment to the brain
• Meninges
•Ventricles
•Cerebro-Spinal Fluid
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Human Anatomy and Physiology I, Frolich, Meninges, Ventricles, CSF
What are meninges?(review from spinal cord)
• Connective tissues around spinal cord
• For protection
• For nutrition (CSF)
• Three layers– Pia mater– Arachnoid mater– Dura mater
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Human Anatomy and Physiology I, Frolich, Meninges, Ventricles, CSF
Meninges of the Brain
• 2 dural layers– Endosteal– Meningeal– Form sinuses for blood
drainage
• Arachnoid, pia mater same as spinal cord
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Human Anatomy and Physiology I, Frolich, Meninges, Ventricles, CSF
Structures of the dura mater in skull
• Falx cerebri
• Falx cerebelli
• Tentorium cerebelli
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Human Anatomy and Physiology I, Frolich, Meninges, Ventricles, CSF
Blood supply to brain• Carotid, vertebral aa.• Drain to sinuses formed
by dura mater• Blood-brain barrier
– Capillary epithelial lining (endothelium) impermeable to water-soluble compounds
– Only lipid solubles pass: CO2, O2, sugars, ammonia, small alcohols, lipids like prostaglandins, steroids
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Human Anatomy and Physiology I, Frolich, Meninges, Ventricles, CSF
Ventricles (the spaces in your brain…or the USS Enterprise)
• 2 lateral ventricles in cerebral hemispheres
• Third ventricle in diencephaln
• Fourth ventricle in pons/cerebellum/
medulla oblongata
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Human Anatomy and Physiology I, Frolich, Meninges, Ventricles, CSF
Circulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid• Produced by choroid plexus of
ventricles• Passes to sub-arachnoid
space of meninges through roof of fourth ventricle
• Flows down and around spinal cord
• Diffuses freely into nervous tissue
• Absorbed out of sub-arachnoid space and into blood at arachnoid villi/granulations in sagittal sinus
• 500 ml/day, turn-over in 8 hrs• No feedback to choroid plexus
—hydrocephalus is consequence of flow or absorption block
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Human Anatomy and Physiology I, Frolich, Meninges, Ventricles, CSF
CSF Circulation Animation