Hybrid Membrane Processes for Water Reuse

Background

Results

Objectives

Materials and Methods Conclusions

References

𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝐹𝑙𝑢𝑥 = 𝐽𝑤 =𝑑∀

𝑑𝑡∙ 𝐴𝑚

−1 L ∙ m−2 ∙ h−1

𝑅𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒 𝑆𝑎𝑙𝑡 𝐹𝑙𝑢𝑥 = 𝐽𝑠 =𝑑𝑐𝑓

𝑑𝑡∙ ∀𝑓 ∙ 𝐴𝐹𝑂

−1 g ∙ m−2 ∙ h−1

50% On

0 4 8 120.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Specific Reverse Salt Flux

Tem

pera

ture

(°C

)

Specific

Revers

e S

alt F

lux (

g/L

)

Elapsed Time (hour)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70 Draw Solution Temperature

FO-DCMD Bench Scale System

𝑅𝑒𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 1 −𝐶𝑝

𝐶𝑓∙ 100 %

𝐽𝑠/𝐽𝑤

𝐽𝑤

𝐽𝑐

𝑪𝑭 𝑪𝑫𝑺 𝑪𝑫

𝐽𝑤

𝐽𝑐𝒅𝑽

𝒅𝒕

-

𝑽𝑭 𝑽𝑫𝑺+

- -+ +

- + - -+ +

𝒅𝑽

𝒅𝒕

𝐽𝑆

Bench-scale FO

Rejection

Bench-scale DCMD

Rejection

FO-DCMD System

Rejection

TOC TN TOC TN TOC TN

97% 68% 68% 97% 98% 98%

Acknowledgements