IDMC Modules on Durable Solutions for IDPs (2015)
Module4-Collaboration
Time 90minutesmaximum(1hr.30”)Overview Thissessionlooksbeyondthesubstantiveaspectsofdurablesolutionsandtakesa
moreaction-orientatedapproach.FocusonhowtoachievedurablesolutionsinXcountry,basedontheprinciplesandcriteriadiscussed.
Objectives Bytheendofthesession,participantswill:• Understandtherationaleforcollaboration• Understandtheconceptsofprimaryandcomplementaryresponsibilities• Understandtherolesofvariousactorsandtherelationshipsbetween
theminXcountryKeymessages • Theachievementofdurablesolutionsisacomplexandgradualprocess
requiringaconcertedapproachbymanystakeholders• Theprimaryresponsibilityrestswiththestate,butlocal,nationaland
internationalorganisationsfromvarioussectors,includingdevelopment,havecomplementaryrolestoplay
Documentation
• GuidingPrinciples28to30• Previousworkinggroupoutputs
Equipment/Materials/others
• LCD/computerforpowerpointslides• Post-its• Flipchartsandmarkers;bluetacktoputupflipchartsonwalls
IDMC Modules on Durable Solutions for IDPs (2015)
Module4:CollaborationinDurableSolutionsTitle
Module4:CollaborationinDurableSolutionsObjectiveslide5”
Durable solutions: Challenges and way forward
Collabora'on
IDMCtrainingworkshop(Place/Country)(Inclusivedates)
IDMC Modules on Durable Solutions for IDPs (2015)
Presentthetopicandlearningobjectivesonebyone,andexplainthatwewillconcludeourdiscussionsondurablesolutionswithaforward-lookingviewofcollaborationfortheirachievementinXcountry.
Module4:CollaborationinDurableSolutionsActorsandresponsibilities25”
Collaboration for durable solutions
Learningobjec-ves:§ Toreaffirmthera-onaleforcollabora-onto
achievedurablesolu-ons§ Toiden-fyprimaryandcomplementary
responsibili-esindoingso§ Tounderstandtherolesofvariousresponders,
includinghumanitariananddevelopmentactors,andtherela-onshipsbetweentheminXcountry
Guiding Principles
§ Principle28onauthori1es’dutytoestablishcondi1onsforthethreese8lementop1ons
§ Principle29onIDPs’par1cipa1on,andauthori1es’dutyintermsofres1tu1onandcompensa1on
§ Principle30onauthori1es’dutytoensureinterna1onalhumanitarianorganisa-onsandothershaveunimpededaccesstoIDPs
IDMC Modules on Durable Solutions for IDPs (2015)
Emphasisetheprimaryroleofthestateintheachievementofdurablesolutionsandinprovidingaccesstootherresponders.StresstheimportanceofIDPsbeingwellinformedandfreetochoosetheirsettlementoption,andtheirparticipationintheprocessofachievingdurablesolutions.Finally,underlinethatGP30referstohumanitarianorganisationsandotherresponders.Thiscertainlyincludesdevelopmentactors.(Reference:UNGPGPs28to30;keyprinciplesonroleofIDPs)
Trainerpresentsslideandinvitesbriefdiscussiononwhat“rangeofactors”meansinXcountryandwhotheyareconcretely.Askparticipantstonameactorsthatshouldnormallybeconsideredpartiestothisprocess,thenusetheslidetoprovidefeedbackandeventuallyintegratetheinputscollectedfromtheaudience.Placeemphasisonthefactthattheauthoritiesareatthecentreoftheprocess,buttherearedifferentinstitutionallayerstobetakenintoconsideration.Startalsothediscussionontheneedtobuildsynergiesbetweenhumanitarian,developmentandpeacebuildingactorsinordertoaddressthemultiplechallengesofdurablesolutions.
Range of actors – IASC framework
Humanitarian Development
Peace-building
Authorities
Local
National Human Rights
Political
Communities
IDMC Modules on Durable Solutions for IDPs (2015)
Presentsthisslide,recallingthepreviousdiscussionaboutatimeline,andtheconclusionthatthedifferentphasesofresponseoverlapandinfluenceeachother.
Toreinforcethemessage,gobacktothecontentsalreadypresentedintheprevious
Coordinated and timely engagement
Timeline:when?
Emergency Early recovery Development
Is a timeline appropriate?
Emergency
Earlyrecovery
Development Protection
Durable solutions
Prevention
IDMC Modules on Durable Solutions for IDPs (2015)
slideandemphasisethattheachievementofdurablesolutionscannotbeseenasalinearprocess.Explainthat,inthesamevein,measurestopreventfuturedisplacementmaybeinherentinotheraspectsofdurablesolutionswork,andequallythatprotectionandassistancemeasuresmaycontributetotheachievementofsolutions.
Reiteratethatearlyrecoveryisnotjustatransitionphasebutanimportantpartoftheprocessofachievingdurablesolutions,andthattheproperimplementationofearlyrecoverymeasuresisalsoconsideredtohelppreventfuturedisplacement.Readthedefinitionandtrytobreakitdownbyareasoffocus.AsktheparticipantstotellyouinwhichwaytheseareasarerelevantfortheachievementofdurablesolutionsinCountryX.Emphasisethatdevelopmentfactorskickinduringtheearlyrecoveryphaseandareessentialtotheachievementofdurablesolutions,meaningthatthedevelopmentsectorshouldbeinvolvedasearlyaspossibleintheresponse.References:HumanitarianAidandEarlyRecoveryhttp://www.gsdrc.org/go/chapter-4-recovering-from-violent-conflict/conflict/humanitarian-aid-and-early-recovery#humanUNDPEarlyRecoveryhttp://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/ourwork/crisispreventionandrecovery/focus_areas/early-recovery.html
Early recovery …
“…beginsearlyinahumanitarianse2ng.Itisamul5-dimensionalprocess,guidedbydevelopmentprinciples.Itaimstogenerateself-sustainingna5onallyownedandresilientprocessesforpost-crisisrecovery”
Basic services
Livelihoods
Shelter
Governance
Security
Rule of Law
Environment
Social dimensions
IDMC Modules on Durable Solutions for IDPs (2015)
Refertothe2013ReporttotheGeneralAssemblyoftheSpecialRapporteurontheHumanRightsofIDPs(whomade‘achievingdurablesolutions’oneoftheprioritiesofitsmandate).Structuralandoperationalimpedimentscontinuetohindereffectivecooperationbetweenhumanitarian,developmentandpeacebuildingactorstosupportdurablesolutions.WhiletheIASCFrameworkprovidesasignificanttoolforaddressingthenexusbetweenpeacebuilding,developmentanddurablesolutions,theimplementationoftheSecretary-General’sFrameworkprovidesanimportantopportunitytotackleexistingstructuralandoperationalimpedimentstosolutionstodisplacement,alongsidebroadereffortsbyStates,civilsocietyandotheractors.Thereportsetsoutdifferentrecommendationtostates,humanitarianagenciesanddevelopmentactors,amongothers.Forexample:
- Includedurablesolutionsinnationalandlocaldevelopmentplans,povertyreductionandalleviationplans,etc.
- Recognizetheneedforresolvingdisplacementasanindispensableinvestmentindevelopment;
- Encouragecross-sectoralcooperationandplanningthroughflexible,multi-yearsupportforcollaborativeeffortsinsupportofDS;
- Systematicallyintegratedurablesolutionsintostrategicplansandframeworks;
- Systematicallyintegratedurablesolutionsintopeacebuildingandstabilizationprocesses;
- EnsurethattheimplementationoftheNewDealforEngagementinFragileStatessupportstheachievementofdurablesolutions.
Development, humanitarian and peace-building nexus
• Durablesolu+onsincludedinna+onalandlocaldevelopment,povertyreduc+on,economicreconstruc+on,transi+onandurbandevelopmentplans
• Coopera+onandplanningacrosssectorsviaflexible,mul+-yearsupportfordurablesolu+ons
• Systema+cintegra+onofdurablesolu+onsintopeace-buildingandstabilisa+onprocesses
• Newdealforengagementinfragilestatessupportstheachievementofdurablesolu+ons
SpecialrapporteuronIDPs’rights-2013report
IDMC Modules on Durable Solutions for IDPs (2015)
Optional:Beforepresentingtheslide,asktheparticipantstostandinastraightlinefacingtheprojector.Explainthatoneendofthelinerepresentsadefinite“yes”andtheotheradefinite“no”.Asksthemtopositionsthemselvestoreflecttheextenttheyagreeordisagreewiththestatement.Oncetheparticipantshaveorganisedthemselves,askthoseateitherendtoexplaintheirreasonsfirstandthenmovetowardthemiddle.Sumup.
Quote
“Thecomplexityofthesitua3oninXcountrydefiestradi3onaldisplacementinterven3ons;campmanagementtakesplaceatthesame3measreturn;emergencyinterven3onsoccursimultaneouslywithdevelopmentprojects.”Doyouagreeordisagree?(10minutes)
IDMC Modules on Durable Solutions for IDPs (2015)
AskoneoftheparticipantstoreadtheSG’squote.ThisistoemphasisefurtherthelinkbetweenDurableSolutionsandPeace-building.Oneofthepersistinggapsininternationalandnationaleffortsinpeacebuildingprocessesisthewell-organisedandplannedreturnedofIDPsandrefugees.Historicallythiscanbealsorelatedtoalackofcollaborationbetweenconcernedactors.
Durable solutions and peace-building
“Seizingthewindowofopportunityinthea4ermathofconflictrequiresthatinterna:onalactorsare,ataminimum,capableofrespondingcoherentlyrapidly,andeffec:velyintheseareas,”including…
…theprovisionofbasicservicessuchaswater,sanita:on,healthandprimaryeduca:on,andthesafeandsustainable
returnandreintegra:onofIDPsandrefugees.
IDMC Modules on Durable Solutions for IDPs (2015)
PresenttheSecretaryGeneral’sPolicyCommittee’sDecisiononEndingDisplacementintheAftermathofConflicts.TheSecretaryGeneral’sDecisiononEndingDisplacementintheAftermathofaConflictcallsonRCs/HCstoleadthedevelopmentofstrategiesforDurableSolutionsforIDPsandreturningrefugees.Oneofthemainareasoffocusofthestrategiesshouldbethedefinitionofthemostappropriatedivisionofrolesandresponsibilities.WhilespeakingtotheRs/HCsandentrustingUNDPandUNHCR(asleaderoftheEarlyRecoveryClusterandProtectionCluster,respectively)toleadtheprovisionoftechnicalsupporttheDecisionencouragesacollectiveprocessbasedonaprincipleofcollectiveresponsibility.
UN secretary general’s decision on ending displacement
§ IDPsandreturnees§ A.ermathofconflict§ Collec8veresponsibility§ Government§ UN§ NGOs§ Civilsociety
Development of a durable solutions
strategy
§ Collective process directed by resident coordinator
§ Technical support from UNDP and UNHCR
IDMC Modules on Durable Solutions for IDPs (2015)
TheFrameworkconsiderspost-conflictsituationsandidentifiesthreepilotcountries,e.g.Coted’Ivoire,MaliandAfghanistan.ExplainwhatarethechallengespossiblyraisedbytheFramework.
Piloting of SG Framework
3pilotcountries:Afghanistan,Côted'Ivoire,Kyrgyzstan
Challenges/ques5ons§ Inter-Agencydynamics:nopriori=za=onofDSstrategies§ Longprocesses:strategiesgeAngoutdated§ Na=onalv.subna=onalDSstrategies§ SGdecisionandpeacekeepingopera=ons§ HCTstrategy:scarcefocuson/involvementofthena=onalor
localauthori=es(i.e.lackofownership)
IDMC Modules on Durable Solutions for IDPs (2015)
Module4:CollaborationinDurableSolutionsActorsandresponsibilities45/60”maximum(dependingonactivitychosen)
Priortothestartofthesession,trainercirculatethescenario«APlacetoBe»withallthebackgroundinformationtoconductanexerciseintwophases.Allowsufficienttimefortheparticipantstoreadit.Beforethesession,thetrainershouldhavealsoalreadyselectedsomeparticipantsanddistributedtherolestheywillbeaskedtoplayduringthesecondphaseoftheexercise(the.Spendsometimetoexplaintheroles.Phase1:rolesandDS(Role-play)Showtheslideandintroducetheadditionalinformation.Readitloudlyandthenasktheparticipantswhoaresupposedtoplaysomerolestomovetothecentreoftheroomandtoformacircle.Theotherparticipantsareaskedtoobserve.TheroleplayisbasedonasimulationofacoordinationmeetingchairedbytheNationalHumanRightsCommission,beingtheassignedfocalpointforIDPs(NB:changetherole,dependingonthecontextandinstitutionalresponsibilitiesincountryX).Letparticipantscontinuetodiscussforamaximumof10minutes.Takeafewminutestoanalysethewaythediscussionwentanddebrief.Askparticipants:
1. Whatwentrightandwhatwentwrong.2. Wasitclearwhichinstitutionwassupposedtolead?3. Whatwastheinvolvementofnon-governmentalagencies?4. Istherearolefordevelopmentactors?5. Whatwouldenabledevelopmentactorstobepartoftheprocess?
Trainerclosestheactivityandrequestsparticipantstogobacktotheirplaces.Notethatthisactivitycanalsobeusedasanenergizer.
Planning for durable solutions “A place to be”
Thena'onalhumanrightscommission,provisionallyinchargeofcoordinatedtheresponsetoIDPs,callsamee'ngtodiscusstheirreloca'ontoFarawayLand.Theindividualins'tu'onsandcivilsocietyorganisa'onsinvolvedare
supposedtoagreenotonlyontheprac'cali'es,butalsoonma@ersofsubstance-inpar'cularIDPs’consulta'on,assistanceprogrammesandmonitoringofpoten'al
protec'onconcernsintherese@lementareas.
IDMC Modules on Durable Solutions for IDPs (2015)
Phase2:ActorMapping.TrainerproceedstoreformthesameworkinggroupsthatworkedonthecriteriaduringSession3.Showtheslidewiththeinstructionsforthenextactivity.Theactivityshouldbuildontheresultsofthepreviousworkoncriteria.Trainerexhortsparticipantstobeasconcreteaspossible.TIP:atthediscretionofthetrainer,trainermayuseasimplemappingexercisewhicheithercouldmerelybealistingofactorsvis-a-vistherecommendationsmade;orarelationshipmappingexercisewhereinfluencesandrelationshipsarevisualised.(Modifythepower-pointaccordingly)Afterthegroupshavefinishedtheirwork,theflipchartsshouldbeputupagainstthewallinsequence.Usingthemarketplacemethodology,trainerinvitestheparticipantstolookattheactormappingresultsandaskquestionstothosemembersofthegroup.
Actor mapping
§ Aim:TomapthevariousactorsinXcountrythathaveresponsibili7esandrolesintheachievementofdurablesolu7ons
§ Workinthesamegroupsasfortheac7vityoncriteriaandusethesamecriteriayouworkedon
§ UsePost-itnotestosignifythevariousactorsandtheirrela7onswitheachother-15to20minutes
§ Marketplace-10minutes§ Conclusions-fiveminutes
IDMC Modules on Durable Solutions for IDPs (2015)
Module4:CollaborationinDurableSolutionsCasestudy(optional)20”maximum
Thefollowingslidesareoptionalandaremeanttoprovideinsightsonanationalprocess(Coted’Ivoire)andhowinter-agencycollaborationresultedinthedevelopmentofanationalstrategyforDS.
IASC framework
§ Durablesolu+onsarenotsimplesolu+ons,becausetheyareusuallylinkedtolargerstrugglesforpeace,security,territorialcontrol,equaltreatmentandanequitabledistribu+onofresources.
§ Concertedeffortsinvolving…governments,interna+onalandnon-governmentalorganisa+onsand,mostimportantly,IDPsthemselvesarerequiredtograduallymakeprogress.
IDMC Modules on Durable Solutions for IDPs (2015)
Case study: Côte d’Ivoire
2010
• AmillionIDPs
• 300,000Ivorianrefugeesintheregion
2014
• 93- 98 % des IDPS sont retournes I.Returnofdisplacedpopula@ons
II.Re-establishmentofstateauthority
III.Improvementinsecuritysitua@on
IV.WilltoaddressIDPs’andwarvic@ms’needs:na@onaldevelopmentplan;disarmament,demobilisa@[email protected]%
VI.Ra@fica@onofKampalaConven@on
VII.Landandna@onalitylawsadopted
Strategy justification
Despitetheinterna,onalcommunity’sefforts,IDPsandhostcommuni,escon,nuetofaceenormousdifficul,es
§ 34%ofadultssaidtheyhadneverbeenregisteredinthecivilregistry
§ HLPproblemscon,nuedtohamperthesolu,onoflocalconflicts
§ 38%oftheneedsexpressedrelatedtoshelter
§ Ongoingchallengesinwater,sanita,onandeduca,onUNHCRmonitoring
IDMC Modules on Durable Solutions for IDPs (2015)
Strategy justification
§ Uncoordinatedapproachbyhumanitarianorganisa4ons,withoutsynergiesorcommonvision
§ Duplica4onofinterven4ons,insomecasesfailingsignificantlytomeetexpressedneeds
§ Interven4onsbecomingchronic
Envisaged approach
Governmenttakesownershipofprocess
Strategyalignedtona8onaldevelopmentplan
Effec8vepartnershipsbetweenhumanitariananddevelopment
sectors
Implementa8onbyfollow-upcommi?ee
Mappingofac8onsandinterven8ons
Community-basedapproachinreturnareas
InclusionIDPs,refugees,returneesandhostcommuni8es
Respectforhumanrightsanddiversity
Evalua8onandclosefollow-up
Awareness-raising:socialcohesionandhumanrightsprotec8on
Developmentofindicators
IDMC Modules on Durable Solutions for IDPs (2015)
Theslidesaboveareintendedtoprovidesomelessonslearnedonasinglecasestudy,outoftheonesenvisagedbytheSGDecisionaspilotcountries.Thestudiesessentiallyassistinprovidinganoverviewofthebasicconditionsofthescenario,toexplainhowthescenariowasanalysed(i.e.whichfactorsweretakenintoconsiderationtolegitimizeprioritizationofcertainareasofintervention)and,finally,topresenttheapproachthatwasadopted(process-wise)toensuregovernmentbuy-inandsecurepotentialfundstosupporttheimplementationofthestrategy.
Resouce mobilisation strategy
Government of Côte d’Ivoire
UN system NGOs
Bilateral and multilateral cooperation
Durable solutions for
IDPs and returnees
IDMC Modules on Durable Solutions for IDPs (2015)
Module4:CollaborationinDurableSolutionsConclusions10”maximum
Toprocesstheend,trainerpresentthisslidetoremindparticipantsthemaincontentsofthepresentationandtosumupthekeymessages.DelivertheadditionalmessagethattheSGFrameworkisgreatlyfocusedoncollaborationamongdifferentUNagencies,butinfactreassertstheprincipleofnationalresponsibility.Stressthatauthoritiesinvolvementfromtheearlystagesofthedevelopmentofanationalframeworkordurablesolutionsstrategiesisrequiredforthatframeworktobesuccessful.Trainerseeksquestionsandprovidesfeedback.
Conclusions
§ Authori(esbearthemainresponsibilityfortheachievementofdurablesolu(ons
§ Processinvolveawiderangeofactors§ Developmentsectorshouldbeengagedand
durablesolu(onspursuedfromtheearliestpossiblestage
§ TheUNsecretarygeneral’sdecisionondurablesolu(onsencouragestheadop(onofstrategiestocloseins(tu(onalgaps