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Institute for Global Environmental Strategies(Public Interest Incorporated Foundation)
Contact Details
Headquarters:2108-11 Kamiyamaguchi, Hayama-machi, Miura-gun, Kanagawa 240-0115 JAPAN
Tel: +81-46-855-3700 Fax: +81-46-855-370
URL: http://www.iges.or.jp
Kitakyushu Urban Centre:International Village Center 2F 1-1-1, Hirano, Yahata-Higashi-Ku, Kitakyushu City, JAPAN 805-0062
Tel: +81-93-681-1563 Fax: +81-93-681-1564
In cooperation with:Kitakyushu City
J-POWER Group (J-Pec Wakamatsu Environmental Research Institute)
NPO Daichichi to Inochino Kai
OrganicComposting
How Great!
OrganicComposting
How Great!(Kids Organic Composting Manual)
Copyright 2013 Institute for Global Environmental Strategies. All rights reserved.
No parts of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or anyinformation storage and retrieval system, without prior permission in w riting from IGES.
Although every effort is made to ensure objectivity and balance, the publication of research results or translation does not imply IGES endorsement or acquiescencewith its conclusions or the endorsement of IGES financers.
IGES maintains a position of neutrality at all times on issues concerning public policy. Hence conclusions that are reached in IGES publications should be understoodto be those of the authors and not a ttributed to staff members, officers, directors, trustees, funders, or to IGES itself.
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Im goingto grow
vegetablesin my garden!
Well beable
to savemoney too
Eh.
they dont
look healthyWhats wrong
Oh, there must be
something wrong
with the soil
The essence
of the soil
In a couple of months well havesome delicious vegetables!
To the Reader of This Book
Saving wastecollection and
transportation fees
Funexperiments
Changing organicwaste into a
valuable resource
Enjoy oureco life
Every year, Kitaky ushu City, Japanspends about 10,000 yen per person
on waste management fees
Things you dont need canbe used to grow vegetables
We can learn about the soiland its microorganisms
Youll understand Biology,Chemistry and Living
Things
Wow!
Youreright.
Looking forwardto having them !
Woah! Who isthis stranger!
Whish!Whish!
Droop!
Bobobo
Bobobo
Whoosh!
Soil Friendly for Microorganisms
Reducing Waste at Home
How to Make Compost Part 1
How to Make Compost Part 2
Lets Use Compost
CONTENTS
3
5
7
9
11
After a month
A few days later.
Lets start
You called?
This book tells you how to make and use compost.
Making compost brings many great benefits
Da-daah!
Growing
Vegetables
Growing
Vegetables
Fertiliser
Fertiliser
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Using too much fertiliser does not help make good quality soil!
Compost is a natural way of making plants stronger
So chemical fertilisers are no good?
So chemical fertilisers are no good?
Organic waste and stuff like fallen leavesfrom the natural environment can enrichplants and improve the soil
If you mix this into the soil, youll makethe soil healthy!
You can makecompost from organicwaste at home!
Eh? Really?
Makes it goodfor microorganisms
The soil becomesmore soft
Its natural so its safe!
Nourishing Plantsand animals
Its called compost
Healthy
Have moreminerals
Protected
against illnessand insects
Tasty
Too muchfertiliser is badfor vegetables
Whaaaats Compost?
Thesecretiscompost!
Chemical fertilisers can help growing plants in the short term.
However, they are not natural and damage the balance of the soil
in the long term.
Soil Friendry forMicroorganisms
Its the essenceof the soil!
Yes! To grow vegetables
we need healthy soil!
When we grow vegetables
in healthy soil,
the vegetables are
What a great soil !But how do we make the soil healthy like this?
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Letsthink about
whatsgoing on
Reducing Waste at Home
Organic
waste48.2%
Organic
waste48.2%
Around half ofhouseholdwaste
Around half ofhouseholdwastePaper 25.6%
Paper 25.6%
Plastic7.4%
Plastic7.4%
Metal0.6%
Metal0.6%
Others7.4%
Others7.4%
Glass 0.6%
Glass 0.6%
Waste makes a bad smell
Southeast Asian cities have started using composting lets have a look at how they got on
It has helped to changethe mind-set of the people
Kitakyushu City : 2011
Surabaya City : 2012 KITA and IGES : 2013
Animals attack waste
in the streets
Waste all over the streets Starting to make compost
Its becomereally cleanand green
Surabaya City, Indonesia Cebu City, Philippines
All these changes happenedwith the technical assistanceof Kitakyushus people
Oh really?
Wastereducedby 30%!
So organic waste
is good for boththe environmentand your wallet!
2005
2000
1600
1200
800
400
02006 2007 2008 2009 2010
DOWN! DOWN!
0
100
200
300
400
500
2 00 9 2 01 0 2 01 1 2 01 2
University students making compostin class rooms (St. Teresa University,
Cebu City)
Theyre having street
meetings (Surabaya City)
People start to work together, buildingcommunity bonds (Cebu City)
It goes badin the summer
Annually, Kitakyushu city spends
about 10,000 yen per person
on waste collection and transportation.
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Containers Fermented liquid
Use an aerated container Suger
Water
Fermented foods
Yoghurt, Miso,Sake, Natto, Yeast,Kimchi etc
Carpet and thick cloth
Fermented liquid
Squeeze into a ball shape,
its ok if there is water left in
Once preparations are finished,we can make the compost!
Make sureinsectscannot get in
Wow!
Cut the organic waste into small pieces,put into the container and mix well
If you let the air in then the badmicro-oraganisms go out and thegood micro-oranisms come in
POINT
1. Separate the water well
2. Cut the organic waste into small pieces3. Mix it well so the air can get in
Mix it well once a day!
Rotten Leaves Soil (15 litres)
Rice (2 cups)
Take compost out and keep it for maturing
Finished!
Step1 Step3 Putting the organic waste into the box
Step4 Maturing the compostStep2 Growing the Micro-organisms
Dont let insects get in!Stop the inside getting wet!
Fill up a vinyl bagMove all of the contents ofthe vinyl bag to the boxMix it once a day
Do this for a week!
Put sugar, waterand fermented foodsinto the containerand mix together.
The More Fermented Foods The Better!
Rice and rotten
leaves soilBy filling up half the box with compost
and waiting 2 to 3 weeks, it can be
used for flowers and vegetables
Lets Try Making Compost
What You Need
Put the coverover the basket
In addition, if you keep the warm compost insidethe plastic bag for several months, it will matureremoving any unpleasant odours. Using it thisway, vegetables and flowers can grow up healthily.
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The living organisms
need regular wateringto grow
In the compost there are lots ofmicroorganisms
The microorganisms are working!
Something smells
During this time ,
heat is emitted
The microorganisms in the
yoghurt and the natto
help make the compost
If the compost gets hot
then the micro-organisms
can eat the organic waste
Tasty!
Lets See WhatisGoing OnInsidethe Compost
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The living things working togethermakes the soil puffyThe living things working togethermakes the soil puffy
Compost enriches the rootsCompost enriches the roots
After 2 3weeks,
its matured
Spread the compost on the whole area of a field,
and plough it to a depth of about 10 cm
Compost is mixed with the soil
When applying the compost in the planting area
It takes 2-3 weeks for the compost
to mature and be ready for planting.
Its still ho t inside the compost Se ttled down
Approx. 10cm deep
Growing Healthy Vegetables through Recycling, Making Food Healthierby NPO Daiicho to inochi no Kai (2011)
Planting
January February MarchApril May June July August September October November December
Growing Harvesting
This method has the effect of improving the topsoil aswell as softening the entire field
The decomposition of the compost gets stimulatedwhich gradually brings about the effect.
Main Vegetables PlantingCalendar
Tomato
Cucumber
Anil
Broccoli
Potato
How the Compost helps the Plants Grow
At the roots of the plant, thereare lots of different types andmany microorganisms
Cut a 10cm deepcircular furrow aroundthe tree (ahead of itsroot tips) and put thecompost In.
Healthy plants arestrengthened againstdisease and bugs
Lots of living things workingtogether raises the soiltemperature by 1 or 2 degrees
Many living things workingtogether enriches the vegetables
Cover the soil with
the compost after
planting crops
(Mulching)
Phosphorus
growthacceleratesubstance amino
acids
Micro-organisms will make the roots healthy
Potassium
Nitrogen
Minerals
Lets TrytoUse Compost
gun,gun
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Thanks! Thank you
See you later!
It works in a continuous cycle
Healthy soil makes for healthy plants!
So delicious
The skin of the vegetables
can be composted to give
the benefits to the next batch
The skin of the vegetables
can be composted to give
the benefits to the next batch
What are the benefits of eating healthy vegetables grown in compost
The vegetables can always keep the benefitsthey receive and we can get the powerfrom the vegetables
If you eat a lot of vegetablesgrown in compost soil,
you can get the power
Vitamins, minerals etc
Lots of nutrition! Strong against bugs!
Harmful bugs wont come close!
So, Lets Harvest
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