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III Kongresu Rozwoju Ruchu
Rowerowego
www.miastadlarowerow.pl
Projekt współfinansowany przez Szwajcarię w ramach SZWAJCARSKIEGO PROGRAMU WSPÓŁPRACY Z NOWYMI KRAJAMI CZŁONKOWSKIMI UNII EUROPEJSKIEJ
Warszawa, 22-23 IX 2014
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The winter cycling
capital of the world
Pekka Tahkola, Navico Ltd / Winter Cycling Federation
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PEKKA TAHKOLA
Cycling coordinator for the city of Oulu
Vice president of the
Winter Cycling
Federation MSc in traffic engineering Cycling NGOs Cycling events
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Source: www.copenhagenize.com
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Photo: Pekka Tahkola
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Photo: Jukka Talvi, City of Oulu
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OULU CYCLING NETWORK FACTS • 845 km of routes – 4.3m per
inhabitant • Routes parallel to driveways are
separated with a green lane, which also serves as snow build-up space
• Routes inside the city structure
• All routes are illuminated
• 98 % maintained throughout winter
• Main route maintenance priorised over driveways
• You can reach every place by bike using cycling routes
• Underpasses in most busy crossings
PAREMPIA KUVIA TÄHÄN?
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About 200 underpasses just for cyclists and pedestrians
3. OULU CYCLING POLICIES Cycling network, underpasses
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3. OULU CYCLING POLICIES Cycling network, underpasses
WINTER MAINTENANCE
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CYCLIST SEGMENTS IN OULU
29%
13%
15%
20%
23%
Active cyclists all year round
Cycle daily or several times a weeks both summer and winter time
Active summer cyclist, infrequent winter cyclist
Active summer cyclist, never on winter time
Infrequent cyclists
Non-cyclists
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SEASONAL CHANGES OF CYCLING IN OULU, FINLAND
AV
ERA
GE
TEM
PER
ATU
RE
(C
)
CYC
LIST
S
MONTH
• 22 % of winter cyclists use a helmet
• 35 % of winter cyclists use studded winter tires
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CYCLING AND COLDNESS (OULU, 01-02/2013)
Photo: Pekka Tahkola
0ºC
-5ºC - 6ºC
-10ºC
-11ºC
- 15ºC -16ºC
- 20ºC
-21ºC
- 30ºC
3 1
63
3 2
93
3 2
24
3 142
3 1
76
2 6
75
- 15 %
Min ºC
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3 WHAT HAVE WE DONE?
Photo: Pekka Tahkola
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• 1969 Transport system plan
– Walking and cycling were included for the first time
• 1972 City development plan of bicycle and pedestrian traffic
– Extensive network separated from car traffic covering the whole city
– Separate funding for bicycle and pedestrian projects
– Major part of construction using other funding sources
– Since then cycling and pedestrian planning have been a “part of the system”
• 1981 Development plan of bicycle and pedestrian traffic in the city center
OULU CYCLING PLANNING HISTORY
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• 1987 Pedestrian zone Rotuaari is opened
• 1993 First extensions to Rotuaari
• 2007 Regional strategy for bicycle and pedestrian traffic
• 2010 City development plan for bicycle and pedestrian traffic
• 2011 – 2013 Further extensions to Rotuaari, also street heating installation
OULU CYCLING PLANNING HISTORY
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• 2012 Online cyling journey planner (http://pk.oulunliikenne.fi)
• 2013 International winter cycling congress (www.wintercycling.org)
• 2013 Cycling coordinator project
• 2013 Cycle4it
• 2013 – 2014 Winter cyclist campaign
OULU CYCLING PLANNING HISTORY
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3. OULU CYCLING POLICIES Cycling network, centre of Oulu
Main route Local route Connection on shared street
5km 3km
Muhos border 22,5 km
Koiteli rapids 25 km
CURRENT CYCLING NETWORK
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3. OULU CYCLING POLICIES Cycling network, Oulu south
Main route Local route Connection on shared street
Airport, 14 km 10,5 km
CURRENT CYCLING NETWORK
Furthest point 41 km
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3. OULU CYCLING POLICIES Cycling network, Oulu north
Main route Local route Connection on shared street
CURRENT CYCLING NETWORK
12 km
Furthest point 40 km
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• Public transport in decline
• Amount of private cars still keeps on growing
• Finally some increase in walking and cycling after declining years
MODAL SPLIT DEVELOPMENT
1962 1989 2009
54%
48%
17%
42% 28%
22%
9% 6%
27% 16%
OTHER 5% OTHER 2% OTHER 0%
19%
5%
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COPENHAGEN
SOFT MEASURES
• Opening of winter cycling
season
• Oulu Winter Cycling
Challenge
• Oulu cycling week
• European mobility week
• Winter bike to work day
• Winter cyclist campaign
• Oulu cycling week
• European mobility week
• Founding of a cycling NGO
• Idea campaign
• I Bike Oulu merchandise
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SOFT MEASURES Open data
www.auratkartalla.fi
www.cycle4it.com
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HOW TO PROMOTE WINTER CYCLING?
Front page Cycle4it What’s it about? Campaigns FAQ Get Started!
CYCLE A DIFFERENCE! cycle for the good things to happen
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FUTURE CHALLENGES
• COMPLETION OF CYCLING HIGHWAYS NETWORK -
“Oulun Raitit”
• MARKETING
Bicycle traffic model, current situation
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FUTURE CHALLENGES
• Completing the cycling super highway network
“Oulun Raitit”
• Marketing to both politicians and inhabitants
• Cycling navigator for smartphones?
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LINNANMAA
KESKUSTA
University highway ALPPILAN RAITTI
Benefits of straightening • Distance cut by 250m • Time savings 60s • Annual time savings 200 000 €
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WIN
TE
R C
YC
LIN
G S
HA
RE
SERVICE LEVEL FOR WINTER CYCLING
No infra, no winter maintenance
Cycling tubes
Cycling network planned to be used during winter
Cycling infra winter maintenance
Priorization in winter maintenance
Improved maintenance, maintenance planning, real time reporting
Innovative solutions, heated routes, etc.
”HARD” MEASURES
0%
5%
10%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
IDENTIFY YOUR POSITION
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COPENHAGEN CLIMBING UP THE LADDER: FIRST STEPS • Create possibilities
• For whom?
• A change is needed!
• Land use planning / traffic planning • Plan year round cycling
Photo: Pekka Tahkola
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#SNECKDOWN
Photo by Naparstek
Photo by This old city
• Allows us to clearly see possible modifications to road structures
• Shortens pedestrian crossing time
• Highlights unused road space
• Calms vehicle traffic, increased safety
• Encourages slower vehicle speeds
• Increases safety for all road users – pedestrians, cyclists and drivers
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YOU ALREADY STARTED…
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MAINTENANCE, MAINTENANCE, MAINTENANCE
YES (in order of importance)
• good exercise
• the quickest
• the cheapest
• the feeling of freedom to move
• psychical reasons (feels good!)
• other reasons
• green way of living
• good bicycle connections
• don’t own a car
• poor public transport connections
• I enjoy rough, extreme conditions
NO (in order of importance)
• too slippery
• too cold
• too dangerous
• poor level of winter maintenance
• too difficult
• other reasons
• distance is too long (in winter)
• no shower or other utilities at the destination
• health issues preventing
• it takes too long time in winter time
• poor bicycle parking facilities
• too dark
The answers cover 4 cities involved in the Finnish national winter cycling survey
WHY I DO AND DON’T CYCLE DURING WINTER
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MAINTENANCE, MAINTENANCE, MAINTENANCE
HOW TO INSPIRE SOMEONE TO BE A WINTER CYCLIST?
I COULD CYCLE IF (in order of importance)
• better level of winter maintenance
• I had a suitable winter bike (second bike)
• shorter distance
• “no way!”
• other reasons
• if good shower and other utilities at the
destination
• if doctor ordered
• better level of bicycle parking at the
destination
• I did not have to take kids along
• employee supported
Photo: www.mtv.fi
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HOW THE BAD ROAD SURFACE CONDITIONS AFFECTED THE AMOUNT OF CYCLISTS
Min. temperature -5 -8 1 -4 -9 -12 -14
Max temperature 0 4 6 4 -4 -3 2
-38 % -36 %
-20 %
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Cyclists switched to cars and buses •67 700 trips less by bike resulted in a loss of 196 000 cycled km
• In 3 days only that resulted in
151 142€ of lost cycling benefits
• Enough to hire 3 nurses for a year! 90 % 10 %
78 000 BICYCLE TRIPS PER DAY
231 000 km PER DAY
=
THE COST OF LOST CYCLISTS
Benefits of cycling are estimated to be 0,3 – 1,3 € / km
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IT’S NOT ABOUT THE GEAR….
Source: www.copenhagenize.com
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…AFTER ALL, IT’S ALL IN OUR HEADS…
Source: www.copenhagenize.com
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