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© 2014 University of New Hampshire. All rights reserved.
Magnetosphere Ionosphere Research Lab
Incoherent Scatter Radar (ISR), Pulsating Aurora, & Ion Outflow
Bruce Fritz
Marc Lessard
University of New Hampshire
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Outline
• Background– Pulsating Aurora– Ion Outflow
• ISR examples– Ion Upflow
– Pulsating Aurora
• Motivation – e-POP observations• Proposed experiment
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Pulsating Aurora
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Pulsating Aurora
• Irregular shape– 10s – 100s km wide
– Vertically thin
• Irregular period– 2-20 s
– 8 s average
• Optically dim– ≈1 kR (427.8 nm)
• Consistent energy range
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Brown et al [1976]
Jaynes et al [2013]
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Pulsating Aurora
• Widespread temporally and geographically
• From Jones, et al[2011] statistical study:– Most probable duration
90-120 min
– 31% clear optical data exhibit PA
– 69% of PA occur post substorm
– 54% probability to occur after magnetic midnight
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Jones, et al [2013]
Jones, et al [2011]
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Ion Outflow
• Magnetosphere-Ionosphere coupled in many ways– Polar outflow
– Particle precipitation
– Ion outflow
• Addition of heavy ions (i.e. O+) to magnetosphere from ionosphere
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Moore et al [2014]
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ISR and Ion Upflow
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RENU 2– Strong
enhancement in electron temperature/density after 10:00
– Slight increase in ion temperature
– Visible vertical drift of ions associated with enhancement
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ISR and Pulsating Aurora
• Chatanika, AK– Foster et al [1978]– Sears and Vondrak
[1981] (figs. top right)
• EISCAT– Miyoshi et al [2015]
(fig. bottom right)– Hosokawa and Ogawa
[2015]– Turunen et al [2016]
• AMISR– Jones et al [2009]– Cosgrove et al [2010]
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Rocket Observations of PA (ROPA)
• First PFISR campaign– Spatial
resolution: 1 km– Temporal
resolution: 5 s– 480 µs long
pulse interleaved with a 13 baud (10 µs) Barker code on two frequencies
• Invert electron density profile to determine energy distribution
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Jones et al [2009]
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Motivation
e-POP FAI
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Motivation
e-POP observation• IRM (ions)
– Yellow box highlights upflowing O+
– Estimated velocity ~3 km/s
• SEI (electrons)– Low energy
(~50 eV), isotropic electrons
– thought to be backscatter
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Proposed experiment
• PFISR in February – ISINGLASS after hours
• Ground cameras – Identify & characterize
PA
– ASI and narrow-field
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PA Patch
O+
Up B
ASI Xybion
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Questions
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Incoherent Scatter Radar (ISR)
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Fourier Transform