![Page 1: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
“Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic consequence of a mechanical universe. But ignorance is not bliss . . .”
-- O.J. Reichman
![Page 2: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What do biologists do about conservation and biodiversity?
• Catalog and track species
• Project future changes
• Document threats and study the processes behind them
• Examine the value of diversity
• Apply knowledge to restoration and management
![Page 3: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Photo: Idelle Cooper Photo: Idelle Cooper
Tephritidae (true fruit flies)
Genus: Trupanea
![Page 4: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Seed feeding
![Page 7: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Gall makers or stem feeders
Shoot meristem feeders
![Page 8: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Phylogenetic hypothesis (so far) based on variation in 836 bp of mtDNA (COI & II) and 967 bp of nuclear EF-1 using Bayesian analysis (MrBayes 3.1). Most taxa have multiple haplotypes (2-12) sequenced, but for simplicity are not shown here.
•Single origin of Hawaiian taxa
Ann O’Brien ‘03
Margaret Funk ‘08
![Page 9: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
What do biologists do about conservation and biodiversity?
• Catalog and track species
• Project future changes
• Document threats and study the processes behind them
• Examine the value of diversity
• Apply knowledge to restoration and management
![Page 12: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Species-Area relationships
S = c * Az
log S = log c + z * log A
![Page 13: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
What do biologists do about conservation and biodiversity?
• Catalog and track species
• Project future changes
• Document threats and study the processes behind them
• Examine the value of diversity
• Apply knowledge to restoration and management
![Page 14: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Figure 55-11a-hypothesis
![Page 15: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Figure 55-11b-setup
![Page 16: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Figure 55-11c-results
![Page 17: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Figure 55-12
15 new sheepintroduced intothe population
![Page 18: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/gardner/biocontrol/Myrica%20faya/Myrica%20faya%20in%20field.JPG
![Page 19: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/gardner/biocontrol/myrica%20faya/myrica.htm
Vitousek and Walker 1989
![Page 20: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 22: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
http://www.nrri.umn.edu/worms/
Hale et al. 2008
![Page 23: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
What do biologists do about conservation and biodiversity?
• Catalog and track species
• Project future changes
• Document threats and study the processes behind them
• Examine the value of diversity
• Apply knowledge to restoration and management
![Page 24: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Figure 55-14a-hypothesis
![Page 25: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Figure 55-14b-setup
![Page 26: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Figure 55-14c-results
![Page 27: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Figure 55-15a-hypothesis
![Page 28: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Figure 55-15b-setup
![Page 29: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Figure 55-15c-results
![Page 30: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
What do biologists do about conservation and biodiversity?
• Catalog and track species
• Project future changes
• Document threats and study the processes behind them
• Examine the value of diversity
• Apply knowledge to restoration and management
![Page 31: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Figure 55-16
Unconnected patches Connected patches
![Page 32: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
What do biologists do about conservation and biodiversity?
• Catalog and track species
• Project future changes
• Document threats and study the processes behind them
• Examine the value of diversity
• Apply knowledge to restoration and management
![Page 33: “Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d5f5503460f94a3eeb9/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Hartshorn, 1992