Download - Individual behavor
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FOUNDATIONS OF
INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOUR
TOPIC:
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INTRODUCTION Human behaviour a complex
phenomenon as it is most difficult to define in absolute terms. An individual's behaviour may change due to a change in the same environment or exposure to a different environment. Different people behave differently in the same or similar environment.
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Factors which influence individual behaviour are………………………
PERSONAL FACTORSENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
ORGANISATIONAL FACTORS
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PERSONAL FACTORS
PERSONAL FACTORSBIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS
LEARNED CHARACTERISTICS
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BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Physical characteristicsAgeGenderReligionMarital statusExperience IntelligenceAbility
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LEARNED CHARACTERISTICS
PersonalityPerceptionAttitudeValues
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BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Physical characteristics: Some of these characteristics are related to height, skin, complexion, vision, shape and size of nose, weight etc.
Age: Age is considered to be an inherited characteristic because it is determined by date of birth.
Gender: Being a male or female is genetic in nature and it is considered to be an inherited feature.
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BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Religion: The religion and culture also determine attitudes towards financial incentives. People who are highly religious are supposed to have high moral values,eg; they are honest they do not tell lies or talk ill of others.
Marital status: There are not enough studies to draw any conclusion as to whether there is any relationship between marital status and job performance.
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BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS Experience: Work experience is
considered to be a good indicator of employee productivity. Research indicates that there is a positive relationship between seniority and job performance.
Intelligence: It is considered that intelligence is an inherited quality. Intelligence can be enhanced with efforts, hard work, proper environment and motivation.
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BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Ability: Ability refers to the capacity or capability of an individual to perform the various tasks in a job. Two types ability of an individual are;
o Intellectual ability o Physical ability
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LEARNED CHARACTERISTICS
Personality: Personality generally refers to personal traits such as dominance, aggressiveness, persistence and other qualities reflected through a person’s behaviour.
Perception: It is a process by which information enters our minds and is interpreted in order to give some sensible meaning to the world around as.
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LEARNED CHARACTERISTICSAttitude: Attitude is just like
perception but with a frame of reference. It is a tendency to act in a certain way, either favourably or unfavourably concerning objects, people or events.
Values: Values determine what is right and what is wrong, where right or wrong is interpreted in terms of perceived values of the decision maker.
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ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORSExternal factors are Economic Factors Socio- cultural Factors Political Factors Legal Environment
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ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORSThe behaviour of an individual is
affected to a large extent by the economic environment. The economic factors are;
Employment Level Wage Rates General Economic Environment Technological Development
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ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS Socio- cultural Factors :The
social environment of an includes his relationship with family members, friends, colleagues, supervisors and subordinates.
Political Factors: The political idea logy of a country affects the individual behaviour through the relative freedom available to its citizens.
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ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS Legal Environment: Rules and laws are formalized and written standards of behaviour. Both rules laws are strictly enforced by the legal system.
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ORGANISATIONAL FACTORSPhysical Facilities: Some of the
factors are influence individual behavior are noise level, heat , light, nature of job etc.
Organization Structure And Design: The behaviour and performance of the individual is influenced by where that person fits into the organizational hierarchy.
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ORGANISATIONAL FACTORS
Leadership: The system of leadership is established by the management to provide direction, assistance, advice and coaching to individuals.
Reward System: The behaviour and performance of the individuals is also influenced by the reward system established by the organization to compensate their employees.
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CONCLUSION
Behaviour can be considered as an input-output system. This concept assumes that behaviour is not simply a random phenomenon but is goal directed so that a measurable correlation exists between the goals behaviour. Behaviour is related to performance and productivity. Performance is a reflection of three characteristics are; Individuals capacity to perform, his willingness to perform, and organizational support.
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ANITHA M JOHNY
THANK YOU……..