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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
PREFA ĂȚ
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Cu!r"n#
LA$%RAT%R &' (ETERMINAREA TIMPIL%R (E MERSSĂGEATĂ) (E (EMARARE I (E FR*NAREȘ .....................................7
LA$%RAT%R +' (ETERMINAREA T%NA,ULUI TRENURIL%R (EMARFĂ.......................................................................................................15
LA$%RAT%R ' (ETERMINAREA INTER.ALEL%R (E STA IE IȚ ȘCIRCULA IEȚ .............................................................................................22
LA$%RAT%R 4' (ETERMINAREA CAPACITĂ II (EȚCIRCULA IE PE SEC II CU LINIE SIMPLĂȚ Ț ....................................38
LA$%RAT%R ' (ETERMINAREA CAPACITĂ II (EȚCIRCULA IE PE SEC II CU LINIE (U$LĂȚ Ț ......................................49
LA$%RAT%R /' ELA$%RAREA .ARIANTEI RA0I%NALE (ETRASARE ÎN GRAFIC A TRENURIL%R L%CALE (E MARFĂ.....61
LA$%RAT%R 1' UTILI2AREA UNUI M%(EL (E PR%GN%2ĂPENTRU UN ANUMIT %RI2%NT (E TIMP........................................66
LA$%RAT%R 3' (ETERMINAREA NUMĂRULUI (E TRENURI(IRECTE (E MARFĂ..............................................................................70
LA$%RAT%R ' ELA$%RAREA GRAFICULUI (E CIRCULA0IE 72
LA$%RAT%R &5' IN(ICAT%RII TE6NICI (E E7PL%ATARE AIGRAFICULUI (E CIRCULA0IE...........................................................77
APLICA II PRACTICEȚ ...........................................................................82
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LA$%RAT%R &' (ETERMINAREATIMPIL%R (E MERS SĂGEATĂ) (E
(EMARARE I (E FR*NAREȘ
No "un" "ntrodu8t"9e:ț
A. Dee!"#$%!e% #"'(! )e "e!* *+,e%+
Î$ e)e!e% )ee!"#$+!## #"'(! )e "e!* *+,e%+ &e$! )#/e!#e %e,(!## )e!e$!# *$ $ee*%!e !"+(%!e'e )%e #$# #%'eț
• L$,#"e% )#*%$ e# )e #!'% #eț ț d cd − e&!#"%+ $ km
• #e% )e #!'% #eț d cv − e&!#"%+ $ hkm
Re'% #% )e %'' #'#%+ &e$! %''' )!%e# )e #"&ț d ct − e&!#"%+ $
"#$e: $ee*%!+ &e$! $ !e$ *+ &%!!,+ ( )#*%$ + )e #!'% #e %/'%+ț ț
$!e *% #% #$#'%+ ,e$e!# # *% #% #$#'%+ ,e$e!# ) )e '$,#"eț ș ț d cd − ;
"e!,#($e%+ %*&!% !e$'#; # %$"e
1
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LABORATOR 1. DETERMINAREA TIMPILOR DE MERS SĂGEATĂ, DE DEMARARE I DE FRÂNARE Ș
wQ P a g
Q P P
d ad c ::1
:1010
"%
3
3 ++++
= γ ψ ; 1.2:
$)e
cψ !e&!e#$+ (e/##e$' )e %)e!e$>+
ad P ,!e%e% %)e!e$+ % '(("(#e#
P ,!e%e% $ *%!e )e *e!## % '(("(#e#
Q ($%' !e$'#
γ (e/##e$ %!e >#$e *e%"% )e "%*e'e %/'%e $ "#%!e )e!(%>#e
g %e'e!%>#% ,!%#%>#($%'+
w !e#*e$>e'e *&e#/#e (%'e %!e *e (&$ '% $%#$%!e !%"&e;!@e; !e#*e$>e *&'#"e$%!e %#)e$%'e:.
D#$ !e'% #% 1.2 !e'+ + %e'e!% #% "%#"+ '% )e"%!%!e *e )ee!"#$+ ț ț%(!' !e'% #e#ț
:1102
103
"%
γ
ψ
+
−+
=
wQ P
P
a
cad
d
2 sm . 1.3:
D#$ "(#e )e *#,!%$ + $ *#% #% $ %!e *e (@ #$ %'(!# "%# "%!# )e 0;1ț ț ț2 sm ; %'(%!e% "%#"+ &e$! %e'e!% #% '% )e"%!%!e % !e$!#'(! )e "%!/+ț
*e '#"#e%+ $ %''e '% %e* &!%, )e *#,!%$ + ț 1;0"% ≤d a 2 sm :.
Ae'e!%>#% "%#"+ '% /!e#; %)#+
"%3
3:1
:10::10 f a
g
Q P wQ P pQ P γ ϕ +
+=+++ ; 1.4:
$)e
3
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
ϕ !e&!e#$+ (e/##e$' )e /!e%!e *%@(-!(%+
p &!(e$' )e /!
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LABORATOR 1. DETERMINAREA TIMPILOR DE MERS SĂGEATĂ, DE DEMARARE I DE FRÂNARE Ș
F#,!% 1.1 %!#% ## %'e #"&'# )e "e!*ț
=e$! )ee!"#$%!e% #"&'# *&'#"e$%! e %&%!e $ %' $ %!e !e$')e"%!e%+ )#$ *% #e *e #'#e%+ ( /$ #eț ț )e ,!%)' 2 /#,!% 1.2:.
F#,!% 1.2 T%$,e$% !@e# e !ee &!#$ (!#,#$e
F(!"% /$ #e )e ,!%)' 2 e*eț
cbxax y ++= 2 . 1.7:
&5
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
Î$ %' $ %!e
:2 002
0 x xaxax −= 1.11:
%)#+
2
0 x x = 1.12:
Î$ %' $ %!e ($*#)e!+" *#% #% !e%'+ % $# !e$ e )e"%!e%+ )#$ *% #eț ț
$ /#,!% 1.2 %!#%@#'% 0 x *e $'(#e e ș 10 vv
d t → #$e!%'' )e #"& $ee*%!
)e"%!+!## )#$ *% #e )e '% ( #e+ț ov =0 hkm # %$,e!e% '% ( #e+ )eș
"e!* 1v ; $ #"& e %!#%@#'% x *e $'(#e e ș d t ; #"&' *&'#"e$%! e
%&%!e $ %' !e$!#'(! %!e )e"%!e%+ $ ("&%!% #e !e$!#'e e "e!,ț #e+ ($*%$+. Î$ ($/(!"#%e )e"($*!% #% %$e!#(%!+ *e (@ #$eț ț &e$! #"&' )e )e"%!%!e *&'#"e$%! !"+(%!e% !e'% #eț
2
10 vv
d
d
t t
→
= 1.13:
T#"&' $ee*%! /!
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LABORATOR 1. DETERMINAREA TIMPILOR DE MERS SĂGEATĂ, DE DEMARARE I DE FRÂNARE Ș
$)e v∆ !e&!e#$+ #$e!%'' "%#" )e %!#% #e % #ee# )e "e!* &e$!ț!e$!#'e )#!ee )e "%!/+.
L% /e' % $ %' )e"%!+!## $ "() %*e"+$+(! *e )ee!"#$+ #"&' )e/!
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
: =e *e #e #!'+ !e$!# )#!ee )e "%!/+; !e$!# !e,#($%'e # !e$!#ț ș#$e!!e,#($%'e
): T!e$!#'e #$e!!e,#($%'e % #"# )e "e!* *+,e%+ 30 "%# "##/%>+ )e #"# )e "e!* %# !e$!#'(! )#!ee )e "%!/+
e: T#"# )e "e!* *+,e%+ &e$! !e$!#'e !e,#($%'e *$ 15 "%#"## /%>+ )e #"# )e '% !e$!#'e )#!ee )e "%!/+
/: T!e$!#'e !%$*($%#$e!e % #"# )e "e!* *+,e%+ e,%'# %#!e$!#'(! #$e!!e,#($%'e
,: T#"# *&'#"e$%!# )e )e"%!%!e # /!%
)e#!'%>#e
D#*%$>%$!e
*%>##"
#e% )e"e!* "?
T#"# )e "e!* *+,e%+ "#$
&%! #"&%! D"/; LM/ I$e!!e,#( Re,#( I; II &%! #"&%! &%! #"&%! &%! #"&%!
1 A-% 13 53 53 15 15 11 11 13 13
2 %-@ 13.5 50 60 17 14 12 10 15 12
3 @- 9 60 55 9 10 7 7 8 9
4 -) 6.8 60 50 7 9 5 7 6 8
5 )-e 18 53 53 21 21 15 15 18 18
6 e-/ 15 53 57 17 16 12 12 15 14
7 /-, 9 57 53 10 11 7 8 9 108 ,-B 8 60 60 8 8 6 6 7 7
T%@e'' 1.2 C%!%e!#*## e?$#e
(enum"re S"mbol .aloare
&
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LABORATOR 1. DETERMINAREA TIMPILOR DE MERS SĂGEATĂ, DE DEMARARE I DE FRÂNARE Ș
C(e/##e$ )e %)e!e$>+cψ
210G7;0
−+= ncψ
M%*% %)e!e$+ % '(("(#e#ad P t P ad 114=
M%*% $ *%!e )e *e!## % '(("(#e# P t P 114=
T($%' !e$'# Q nQ G251700 +=C(e/##e$ %!e >#$e *e%"% )e "%*e'e%/'%e $ "#%!e )e !(%>#e
γ 06;0=γ
Ae'e!%>#% ,!%#%>#($%'+ g 281;9 sm g =Re#*e$>e *&e#/#e (%'e %!e *e (&$'% $%#$%!e !%"&e; !@e; !e#*e$>e*&'#"e$%!e %#)e$%'e:.
w00
010G2 1−+= nw
C(e/##e$ )e /!e%!e *%@(-!(%+ ϕ 310G05;0 −+= nϕ =!(e$' )e /!
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LA$%RAT%R +' (ETERMINAREAT%NA,ULUI TRENURIL%R (E MARFĂ
No "un" "ntrodu8t"9e:ț Se !e%'#e%+ $ /$>#e )e
%: /(!>% )e !%>#$e % '(("(#e#
@: '$,#"e% #'+ % '#$##'(! )#$ *%>##
: !e#*e$>% %&%!%e'(! )e !%>#$e # 'e,%!e.
T($%' *e )ee!"#$+ $ /$>#e )e /(!>% )e !%>#$e )#*&($#@#'+ '%
Se (@>#$e )#$ e%>#% )e e?#'#@! % /(!>e'(! ee!#(%!e %!e %>#($e%+%*&!% !e$'#.
:H:HH0 cc iw P iwQ F +++> 2.1:
)e $)e !e'+
:HH
:H00
c
c F
iw
iw P F Q
+
+−≤ 2.2:
$)e
Hw !e&!e#$+ !e#*e$>% *&e#/#+ '% !'%!e % '(("(#e#
HHw !e#*e$>% *&e#/#+ '% !'%!e % %,(%$e'(!
&
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LABORATOR 2. DETERMINAREA TONAJULUI TRENURILOR DE MARFĂ
0 F /(! % )e !% #$e % '(("(#e#ț ț
P ,!e%e% $ *%!e )e *e!## % '(("(#e#
ci !e#*e$>% %!%e!#*#+ % *e>#e# )e #!'%>#e.
Re#*e$>% %!%e!#*#+ % *e>#e# e*e )e/#$#+ %*/e' rezistenţa la mers atrenului datorită liniei ( rampe curbe! măsurată "n #$k# # *e %''e%+$ )#/e!#e #&(ee
%. $ #&(e% #!'%>#e# !e$!#'(! )e "%!/+; $ %!e % !e#*e$>%%!%e!#*#+ *e %''e%+ % "e)#e &($)e!%+ e% "%# "%!e &e
( '$,#"e )e 650" 650" e*e '$,#"e% "e)#e % !e$'# )e"%!/+:; ($*#)e!#$e% )e '#$#e &e %!e *e %/'+ !e$' '%$ "("e$ )%
@. $ #&(e% #!'%>#e# !e$!#'(! )e +'+(!# ; $ %!e % !e#*e$>%%!%e!#*#+ *e %''e%+ % "e)#e &($)e!%+ e% "%# "%!e &e( '$,#"e )e 300".
M+!#"#'e Hw ; HHw # ci *e "+*(%!+ $ NN *% (((.
Re#*e$>% *&e#/#+ '% !'%!e % '(("(#e# *e )ee!"#$+ % /##$)
P
%w &=H 2.3:
2
104;05;3 ∆++= vv F P % & 2.4:
$)e
& % !e&!e#$+ !e#*e$ % (%'+ '% !'%!e % '(("(#e#ț
3;5 !e#*e$ % *&e#/#+ )e @%+ '% !'%!e; % '(("(#e#ț
&/
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
0;4 (e/##e$ %!e >#$e *e%"% )e /(!"% %e!()#$%"#+ %'(("(#e#
$ !e'%>#% )e %'' = *e #$!()e $ ; F $ "
2
; # $ "?:Re#*e$ % *&e#/#+ '% !'%!e % %,(%$e'(! *e )ee!"#$+ % /##$)ț
4422HH γ α γ α +=w 2.5:
$)e
2α ; 4α !e&!e#$+ &($)e!e% %,(%$e'(! &e 2 !e*&e# &e 4 (*##; $
%)!' &%!'# )e %,(%$e
2γ ; 4γ !e#*e$>% '% !'%!e % %,(%$e'(! &e 2 !e*&e# &e 4 (*##; $
%)!' &%!'# )e %,(%$e
19502
2
2
v+=γ #ș
25002
2
4
v+=γ 2.6:
$)e e*e #e% )e %'' /('(*#+ # '% )ee!"#$%!e% !e#*e$>e# '% !'%!e %
'(("(#e#.
De(%!ee ci e*e )#/e!# &e$! e'e )(+ *e$*!# )e "e!* (! !e'% ($%e
)#/e!#e &e *e$* par Q # impar Q :.
b' Tona;ul brut !e tren în
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LABORATOR 2. DETERMINAREA TONAJULUI TRENURILOR DE MARFĂ
l l l n $"+!'; !e*&e# '$,#"e% $e# '(("(#e
pl '$,#"e% )e &(!##!e % !e$'#; 3020÷≅ pl ".
4422
44442222 ::
l l
'k ''k '
l
'' t nt n
vg
vg
ml α α
α α
+
+++== " 2.8:
$)e
2n' ; 4n' !e&!e#$+ %&%#%e% )e $+!%!e % %,(%$e'(! &e 2
!e*&e# 4 (*##
2k ; 4k (e/##e$>## )e #'#%!e % %&%#+>## )e $+!%!e %%,(%$e'(! &e 2 !e*&e# 4 (*##
2t ' ; 4t ' %!% %,(%$e'(! &e 2 !e*&e# 4 (*##
vg ' "%*% "e)#e % $# %,($
vl '$,#"e% "e)#e % $# %,($.
Se %''e%+ luQ &e$! *e$*' &%! )e #!'%>#e # &e$! *e$*'#"&%!.
8' Tona;ul !e tren în are
Se )ee!"#$+ )#$ ($)#>#% )e !e#*e$>+ '% !%>#$e %
:HH c
rc F
iw
F
Q
rc
+≤ 2.9:
&3
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
$)e rc F !e&!e#$+ /(! % )e !e#*e$ + %
Se %''e%+ rcQ &e$! *e$*' &%! )e #!'%>#e # &e$! *e$*' #"&%!.
Cer"n e laborator:ț
Se e!e; $ !%&(! $"+!' )e (!)#$e $: %' *)e$'#; $(*#$e)@'+
0 9;1 td F
td QQ =
IM=AR
!%>#$e*#"&'+!%>#$e)@'+
0 9;1 td F
td QQ =
ATEN0IE B C
/(!"% A4; /$>##'e :; 00
c
F i F f Q = ; : u
l l f Q u = #ș :; crc
F i F f Q rc = $
&'%% )e %'(!# ci J 0K40 000
T%@e'' 2.2 D%e )e %''
(enum"re S"mbol .aloare=!(e$' )e %,(%$e &e )(+ (*## 5E
2α n5;0502 −=α
=!(e$' )e %,(%$e &e &%! (*## 5E4α n5;0504 +=α
L$,#"e% #'+ % '#$##'(! )#$ *% ## &e *e$* &%! ț par
ul nl par
u 10600+=
&
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LABORATOR 2. DETERMINAREA TONAJULUI TRENURILOR DE MARFĂ
45m
L$,#"e% #'+ % '#$##'(! )#$ *% ## &e *e$* #"&%! ț45m
impar
ul nl impar
u 10650 +=
L$,#"e% )e &(!##!e % !e$'# $!e "+!#'e )e
*#,!%$ +ț 45m pl 3020 ÷= pl
C%&%#%e% )e $+!%!e % %,(%$e'(! &e )(+ (*##45t
2n' n'n 5;0202 +=
C%&%#%e% )e $+!%!e % %,(%$e'(! &e &%! (*##45t
4n' n'n 05554 +=
T%!% %,(%$e'(! &e )(+ (*## 45t 2t ' 102 =t '
T%!% %,(%$e'(! &e &%! (*## 45t 4t ' 154 =t '
L$,#"e% %,($'# &e )(+ (*## 45m2l 102 =l
L$,#"e% %,($'# &e &%! (*## 45m 4l 164 =l Re#*e$ % %!%e!#*#+ % *e #e# &e *e$*' &%! ț ț
000
par
ci ni par
c 25;08 +=
Re#*e$ % %!%e!#*#+ % *e #e# &e *e$*' #"&%! ț ț
000
impar
ci niimpar
c 25;010 +=
F(! % )e !e#*e$ + %
T%@e'' 2.3 C%!%e!#*#e'e '(("(#e'(! #'#%e &e$! !e"(!%!e% !e$!#'(!(enum"re S"mbol (A 5/5 EA 5/5F(! % )e !% #$e % '(("(#e#ț ț
0 F # F 2250000 = F 2870000 =G!e%e% $ *%!e )e *e!## %'(("(#e#
P t P 114= t P 125=
#e% )e %'' v hkmv 5;18= hkmv 7;67=L$,#"e% '(("(#e#
l l ml l 17= ml l 8;19=
S&!%/%>% /!($%'+ e&*+ %>#$## F 212m F = 24;12 m F =
+5
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
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LA$%RAT%R ' (ETERMINAREAINTER.ALEL%R (E STA IE IȚ Ș
CIRCULA IEȚ
No "un" "ntrodu8t"9e:ț
L(' # "()' )e %&%!#>#e % #$e!%'e'(! )e *%>#e; $ /$>#e )e $e*!+!#'ee?$#e e#*e$e %'e *e>#e# )e #!'%>#e # *%>##'(! )e %'e /e!%+; *$ &!ee$%e $ %@e'' 3.1
T%@e'' $!. 3.1LINIE SIM=L LINIE DUBL
Te'e/($ B.L.A. Te'e/($ B.L.A.C.C.B.; C.E.D. C.E.D. C.C.B.; C.E.D. C.E.D.
1 snτ snτ
2 iτ iτ 3 uτ uτ
4 esτ esτ
5 seτ seτ
6 ( (
7 s ( s (
8 e ( e (
I$e!%'e'e )e *%>#e !e&!e#$+ )!%e'e "#$#"e %'e (&!#!## !e$!#'(!; $
e)e!e% !e%'#+!## (&e!%>##'(! e?$#e )e $!#%!e # )e&+#!e.
Ae*e #$e!%'e %*#,!+ ($)#>##'e )e *#,!%$>% #!'%>#e# !e$!#'(! ##'#%!e% !%>#($%'+ % %&%#+>## )e !%$# # &!e'!%!e % *%>##'(! # *e>##'(! )e #!'%>#e .
D!%% #$e!%'e'(! )e *%>#e *% %''e%+ &e$! /#e%!e *%>#e # )e$)e )e!"+(!## /%(!#
• *#*e"' )e (!,%$#%!e % #!'%>#e# %'e '#@e!+; B.L.A.:
++
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
• "()' )e "%$e!%!e % *?#"@+(%!e'(! )e %'e C.C.B.; C.E.M.;
C.E.D.:
• *?e"% &$'# )e *e>#($%!e '$,#"e% )#%,($%'e'(!; %"&'%*%!e%:
• /e'' !e$'#; ($%; '$,#"e.
A' Inter9alul de #o#"re ne#"multan?
Re&!e#$+ #"&' *!* )#$ "("e$' *(*#!## $# !e$ $!-( *%>#e &
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LABORATOR 3. DETERMINAREA INTERVALELOR DE STA IE I CIRCULA IE Ț Ș Ț
: spbl l l '$,#"e% $# *e(! )e @'(; 45m
sel '$,#"e% )e '% *e"$%'' )e #$!%!e &% &%!!*+ )e !e$ $ #"&' &e!e&e!## #$)#%>#e#
*e"$%''# &!ee*#(! 45m .
=e$! %' %: $ %!e !e$' $!. 1 #$!+ # (&!e e $ *% #e; #%! !e$' $!. 2 )eș ș ț &e *e$*' (&* !ee /+!+ (&!#!e #$e!%'' )e *(*#!e $e*#"'%$+ *e )ee!"#$+ !e'% #%ț
t
op
a
snv
&t "#$06;0+=τ "#$ 3.2:
$ #"& e &e$! %' @: $ %!e !e$' $!. 2 (&!e e $ *% #e #$e!%'' )eș ț*(*#!e $e*#"'%$+ *e )ee!"#$+ !e'% #%ț
s
f
a
sn
b
sn t +=τ τ "#$ 3.3:
$)e
opt !e&!e#$+ #"&' $ee*%! e!#/#+!## ,%!+!## !e$'# 1 #
&!e,+#!e% &%!!*'# )e !ee!e *% &!#"#!e &e$! !e$' $!.2
t v #e% )e !ee!e % !e$'# $!. 2 &!#$ *%>#e .
Cer"n e laborator:ț
Se e!e *+ *e %''ee %'(%!e $ "#$e % #$e!%''# )e *(*#!e $e*#"'%$+$(*
-
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
L$,#"e% )e '% *e"$%'' )e #$!%!e &% &%!!*+ )e !e$ $ #"&' &e!e&e!##
#$)#%>#e# *e"$%''# &!ee*#(! 45m psl 100= psl
#e% )e !ee!e % !e$'# $!. 2 &!#$ *%>#e hkm
t v 60=t v
U$)e $ e*e $"+!' )e (!)#$e %' /#e+!# *)e$ $ &%!e. D!%% $ee*%!+ &!e,+#!## &%!!*'# e*e #'*!%+ $ %@e'' 3.3.
T%@e'' 3.3 O&e!% ## e/e%e &e$! % &e% &!#"## !e$' $!. 2 $ *% #eț ț
Nr'8rt'
(enum"rea o!era "e"ț (urata o!era "e"ț "#$C'C'$' C'E'('
$'L'A'
C'E'('
Tele#$+ %(!' !e'%>#e# 3.2: *e !($ee $ &'*; '% $"+! $!e, )e "#$e. Se (! %''% e'e )(+ %'(!# &e$! #$e!%'' )e *(*#!e$e*#"'%$+ %' % # @:.
T"m! de lu8ru: & or?
$' Inter9alul de în8ru8"Dare
Re&!e#$+ #"&' "#$#"; ($*#)e!% )#$ "("e$' !ee!## *% *(*#!## $*%>#e % $# !e$ e *% *e(! )e @'( :; % %'# !e$ )#$ *e$* (&*; %!e % /(* (&!# $*%>#e $ e)e!e% !e%'#+!## (&e!%>#e# )e $!#%!e !e$' *(*# %$e!#(!.
S?e"e'e &(*#@#'e )e $!#%!e % !e$!#'(! *$ &!ee$%e $ /#,. 3.2
+
-
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LABORATOR 3. DETERMINAREA INTERVALELOR DE STA IE I CIRCULA IE Ț Ș Ț
F#,!% 3.2 S?e"e &(*#@#'e )e $!#%!e % !e$!#'(!
I$e!%'' )e $!# %!e *e )ee!"#$+ %(!' !e'% #e#ș ț
psopi t
+= τ τ "#$ 3.4:
$)e
opt !e&!e#$+ #"&' $ee*%! &e$! e/e%!e% (&e!%>##'(! $
'e,+!+ e&e)#e!e% !e$'# )#$ *%>#e (&e!%>##'e *$ %e'e%# e'e &!ee$%e $ %@e'' 3.3; )%! (&e!%>#% $"+!' !e# )!e%+ $"#$:
pst #"&' $ee*%! &e$! &e!e&e!e% #$)#%>#e# *e"$%''# )e#e#!e )e +!e !e$' %!e *e e&e)#%+ # &$e!e% !e$'# $"#%!e &*J0;05 "#$:.
Cer"n e laborator:ț
Se e!e *+ *e #)e$#/#e (&e!% ##'e $ee*%!e % /# e/e%e &e$! %!#'e )#$ț/#,!% 3.2 # *+ *e #$("e%*+ $ %@e' %*e"+$+(! %@e''# 3.3. C )%e'eș
)#$ %e* %@e' # !e'% #% 3.4 *e e!e *+ *e )ee!"#$e %'(%!e% #$e!%''# )eș ț$!# %!e &e$! e'e )(+ *#*e"e )e #!'% #e %e $ e)e!e C.E.D.ș țe'e/($ # C.E.D.B.L.A.:ș
T"m! de lu8ru: & or?
C' Inter9alul d"ntre trenur"le 8are 8"r8ul? în >ru!
+/
iτ iτ
iτ
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
Î$ )ee!"#$%!e% '# *$ %$%'#%e *?e"e'e &(*#@#'e )e !"+!#!e % !e$!#'(!
)#$ /#,!% 3.3
F#,!% 3.3 S?e"e &(*#@#'e )e !"+!#!e % !e$!#'(!
=(#>#% !e$!#'(! &e$! %!#'e % # ; e*e &!ee$%+ $ /#,!% 3.4
F#,. 3.4 =(#>#% !e$!#'(! &e$! %!#'e % #
I$e!%'' )#$!e !e$!#'e %!e #!'+ $ ,!& *e %''e%+ %(!'!e'% #e#ț
t
opuv
&t "#$06;0+=τ "#$ 3.5:
#%!
ar bop t t t t ++= "#$ 3.6:
+1
uτ uτ uτ u
τ
-
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LABORATOR 3. DETERMINAREA INTERVALELOR DE STA IE I CIRCULA IE Ț Ș Ț
$)e
spl '$,#"e% $!e *e"$%'' )e #$!%!e # *e"$%'' &!ee*#(!
bt #"&' $ee*%! &e$! e!#/#%!e% ,%!+!## !ee!##: !e$'# $!. 1
$&!#$: *%>#% %; 1 "#$
r t #"&' )e !%$*"#e!e % !e%#'# )e *(*#!e % !e$'# $!. 1 $
*%>#% %;1 "#$
at #"&' $ee*%! e/e+!## (&e!%>##'(! 'e,%e )e !%$#%!e%
!e$'# 3 &!#$ *%>#% @. C&!#$)e (&e!%>##'e 2;3 # 4 )#$ %@e'' 3.3.
=e$! %!#'e @ # ) #$e!%'' )e !"+!#!e *e %''e%+ !e'%>#%
ar bopu t t t t ++==τ "#$ 3.7:
Î$ '!%!e; *e % %)(&% &e$! uτ %'(%!e% "%#"+ !e#e#+ )#$ e'e 4 %!#
%''%e.
Cer"n e laborator:ț
Se e!e *+ *e #)e$#/#e (&e!% ##'e $ee*%!e % /# e/e%e &e$! %!#'e )#$ț/#,!% 3.3 # *+ *e #$("e%*+ $ %@e' %*e"+$+(! %@e''# 3.3. C )%e'eș)#$ %e* %@e' # !e'% ##'e 3.5-7 *e e!e *+ *e )ee!"#$e %'(%!e% #$e!%''#ș ț
)#$!e !e$!#'e %!e #!'+ $ ,!& &e$! #!'% #% '% $ e'e,e!e e'e/($#+ț ț*% ##'e /##$) $e*!%e e$!%'#%!e e'e!()#$%"#+.ț
T"m! de lu8ru: & or?
(' Inter9alul de e!ed"ere D" #o#"re ne#"multan?
+3
-
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
Re&!e#$+ )!%% "#$#"+ )#$!e "("e$' e&e)#e!## $# !e$ )#$!-(
*%>#e; e /#,!% 3.5:
F#,!% 3.5 I$e!%'' )e e&e)#e!e # *(*#!e $e*#"'%$+
Re'% #% )e %'' e*eț
i
m
t e
i
m
opesv
l l
v
&t 206;006;0 "#$
+
++=τ "#$ 3.8:
$)e
opt % /# %)%&% )&+ "()e'' &!ee$% $ %@e'' 3.3
i
mv #e% "e)#e !e%'#%% &e )#*%$>% "#$ & 45m
e
mv #e% "e)#e !e%'#%% &e )#*%$>%2
t e
l l + 45m
el '$,#"e% "e)#e )e #e#!e :152
nl t + 45m .
Te!"e$' #"
"#$
-
L06;0 *e %''e%+ !e'%>#%
*
/
"#$ -
L+ ; #%! e!"e$'
e
"
28e
-
''06;0
+ *e %''e%+ !e'%>#%
"%
:282
d
t e
a
l l +.
+
esτ
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LABORATOR 3. DETERMINAREA INTERVALELOR DE STA IE I CIRCULA IE Ț Ș Ț
Cer"n e laborator:ț
Se e!e *+ *e #)e$#/#e (&e!% ##'e $ee*%!e % /# e/e%e # *+ *e #$("e%*+ț ș$ %@e' %*e"+$+(! %@e''# 3.3. C )%e'e )#$ %e* %@e' # !e'% #% 3.8 *eș țe!e *+ *e )ee!"#$e %'(%!e% #$e!%''# )e e&e)#e!e # *(*#!e $e*#"'%$+ &e$! #!'% #% '% $ e'e,e!e e'e/($#+; *% ##'e /##$) $e*!%e ț ț țe$!%'#%!e e'e!()#$%"#+.
T"m! de lu8ru: & or?
E' Inter9alul de #o#"re D" e!ed"ere ne#"multan?
Re&!e#$+ )!%% "#$#"+ )#$!e *(*#!e% $# !e$ # "("e$' e&e)#e!##;)#$ %ee%# *%>#e; % %'# !e$ $ %e'%# *e$* )e #!'%>#e /#,!% 3.6:.
F#,!% 3.6 I$e!%'' )e *(*#!e # e&e)#e!e $e*#"'%$+
Re'% #% )e %'' e*eț
psopes t t +=τ "#$ 3.9:
$)e
opt !e&!e#$+ )!%% $ee*%!+ e/e+!## (&e!%>##'(! )e &!e,+#!e %
&%!!*'# )e #e#!e &e$! !e$' $!. 3
5
seτ
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
uτ #"&' $ee*%! &e$! &e!e&e!e% #$)#%>#e# *e"$%''# )e
#e#!e )e +!e !e$' %!e *e e&e)#%+ # &$e!e% !e$'# $"#%!e &*J0;05 "#$:.
Cer"n e laborator:ț
Se e!e *+ *e #)e$#/#e (&e!% ##'e $ee*%!e % /# e/e%e # *+ *e #$("e%*+ț ș$ %@e' %*e"+$+(! %@e''# 3.3. C )%e'e )#$ %e* %@e' # !e'% #% 3.9 *eș țe!e *+ *e )ee!"#$e %'(%!e% #$e!%''# )e e&e)#e!e # *(*#!e $e*#"'%$+ &e$! #!'% #% '% $ e'e,e!e e'e/($#+ *% ##'e /##$) $e*!%e ț ț țe$!%'#%!e e'e!()#$%"#+.
T"m! de lu8ru: & or?
F' Inter9ale de 8"r8ula "e " #ta "e !e #e8="" 8u $'L'A'ț ș ț
C
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LABORATOR 3. DETERMINAREA INTERVALELOR DE STA IE I CIRCULA IE Ț Ș Ț
m
t bl bl bl v
v
l l l l (
+++=
321
06;0 "#$ 3.10:
$)e 1bl l ; 2bl l #ș 3bl l !e&!e#$+ '$,#"e% *e(%!e'(! )e @'( 45m
tr l '$,#"e% !e$'# 45m
mv #e% )e "e!* %!e !e$' #!'+ $ '#$#e !e$+ hkm
Î$ %'
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
F#,!% 3.8 I$e!%'' )e *(*#!e '% !"+!#!e
F(!"'% )e %'' e*e
v
&t ( op s
"#$"#$ 06;0+= "#$ 3.12:
#%!
s f s s t ( ( += "#$
"#$ 3.13:
$)e sel !e&!e#$+ '$,#"e% )e '% *e"$%'' )e #$!%!e e## )e# 60=v hkm :.
-
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LABORATOR 3. DETERMINAREA INTERVALELOR DE STA IE I CIRCULA IE Ț Ș Ț
F#,!% 3.9 I$e!%'' )e *(*#!e '% !"+!#!e $ %' $ %!e !e$' $!. 4 !ee /+!+ (&!#!e
F(!"'% )e %'' e*e
v
&
v
&t ( eop s
"#$"#$"#$ 06;006;0+= "#$ 3.14:
$)e el !e&!e#$+ '$,#"e% "e)#e )e #e#!e.
I$e!%'' )e e&e)#e!e '% !"+!#!e e ( ; !e&!e#$+ #"&' "#$#" )#$
"("e$' e&e)#e!## *% !ee!##: $# !e$ &
-
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
F#,!% 3.10 I$e!%'' )e e&e)#e!e '% !"+!#!e
Re'% #% )e %'' e*eț
v
& ( e
"#$2 06;0= "#$ 3.15:
#ș
s
d ee t ( ( += 21 "#$ 3.15:
$)e ul !e&!e#$+ )#*%$>% &%!!*+ )e !e$' $!. 1 $ #"&' opt .
O@*e!% #e Î$ !"% )ee!"#$+!## !(! #$e!%'e'(! $ %''' )e %&%#%eț*e %)(&+ #$e!%'' %!e %!e %'(%!e% "%#"+ $ ($)# ##'e #!'% #e#ț ț!e$!#'(! /+!+ (&!#!e &e *e #e.ț
Cer"n e laborator:ț
-
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LABORATOR 3. DETERMINAREA INTERVALELOR DE STA IE I CIRCULA IE Ț Ș Ț
C$(*
-
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LA$%RAT%R 4' (ETERMINAREACAPACITĂ II (E CIRCULA IE PEȚ Ț
SEC II CU LINIE SIMPLĂȚ
No "un" "ntrodu8t"9e:ț
Capacia!a "! ci#c$%a i!ț % $e# '#$## )e %'e /e!%+; !e&!e#$+ ('"'"%#" )e #!'% #e e&!#"% $ !e$!# *% %,(%$e %!e &(%e /# e/e% &eț'#$#% !e*&e#+ $ )e!*' $e# %$"#e &e!#(%)e )ee!"#$%e # *% (!+:; $/$ #e )e #$*%'% ##'e /#e e#*e$e; )e #&' # &e!e% "#'(%e'(! )eț ț ș!% #$e; )e #&' %,(%$e'(! # )e "()' )e (!,%$#%!e % #!'% #e#ț ș ț!e$!#'(!.
Î$ e)e!e% )ee!"#$+!## %&%#+ ## )e #!'% #e &e '#$#e *#"&'+ *e !"+!e*ț ț
!"+(%!e'e e%&e )e '!A. Dee!"#$%!e% %&%#+ ## &e$! ,!%/#' &%!%'e'ț
%: =e '#$##'e *#"&'e (!,%$#%!e% #!'%>#e# &e @%+ )e %'e '#@e!+
A.1 Dee!"#$%!e% )#*%$ e# !##eț
A.2 A'e,e!e% $e# %!#%$e )e !%$#%!e &e$! )#*%$ % !##+ț
A.3. E'%@(!%!e% $e# *?e"e #$#>#%'e )e !%$#%!e % !e$!#'(! &e$!e%,% *e>#e
A.4 C(!e%!e% *?e"e# #$#>#%'e
A.5 C%''' &e!#(%)e# ,!%/#'# # )ee!"#$%!e% %&%#+ ##ș ț
@: =e '#$##'e *#"&'e (!,%$#%!e% #!'%>#e# &e @%+ )e B.L.A.
B. Dee!"#$%!e% %&%#+ ## &e$! ,!%/#' $e&%!%'e'ț
1
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LABORATOR &. DETERMINAREA CAPACITĂ II DE CIRCULA IE PE SEC II CU Ț Ț Ț LINIE SIMPLĂ
%: =e '#$##'e *#"&'e (!,%$#%!e% #!'%>#e# &e @%+ )e %'e '#@e!+
@: =e '#$##'e *#"&'e (!,%$#%!e% #!'%>#e# &e @%+ )e B.L.A.
C($/(!" "e()('(,#e# &!ee$%e &!#"' &%* ' !e&!e#$+ )ee!"#$%!e%%&%#+ ## )e #!'% #e &e$! ,!%/#' &%!%'e'. Î$ %e%*+ *#% #e *&e#/#+;ț ț ț$ %!e (%e !e$!#'e % %ee% # #e+ )e #!'% #e !%*e'e *$ &%!%'e'e:ș ț%&%#%e% )e #!'% #e *e )ee!"#$+ $"%# &e$! !%/#' )e +'+(!# *%ț$"%# &e$! !%/#' )e "%!/+
A' (eterm"narea 8a!a8"t? "" !entru >ra#e
T#"& )e "e!*
A - % % - @ K - B
"%
Se #)e$#/#+ % /##$) )#*%$ + !##+ %ee% )#*%$ + )e #!'% #e &e$! %!eț ț ț*"% )#$!e #"&' )e "e!* *+,e%+ )e &e *e$*' #"&%! # #"&' )e "e!*ș*+,e%+ )e &e *e$*' &%! %!e %'(%!e% "%#"+. De(%!ee &(%e e#*%*#% #% $ %!e %&%#%e% *e #e# $ e*e '#"#%+ )e %'(%!e% (@ #$+ &e$!ț ț ț)#*%$ % !##+ !e@#e %e $ e)e!e # )#*%$ e'e %&!(%e )e )#*%$ %ț ș ț ț!##+ &e$! %!e *"% #"'(! )e "e!* *+,e%+ %!#%+ )(+; !e*&e#!e# "#$e.
3
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
A'+ Ale>erea une" 9ar"ante de tran@"tare !entru d"#tan a 8r"t"8?ț
=e$! distanţa critică *e %$%'#e%+ &e!#(%)e'e e'(! 4 %!#%$e )e !%$#%!e
# *e %'e,e e% %!e %!e %'(%!e "#$#"% /#,!% 4.1 %; @; # ):ș
c
id
d
id p t t t t + τ τ +++++= ;;;:1 c
sn f
d
sn f p t t t t + τ τ +++++= ;;;:2
c
sn f d
d
i p t t t t + τ τ +++++= ;;;:3 c
i
d
sn f d p t t t t + τ τ +++++= ;;;:4
F#,!% 4.1 %!#%$e )e !%$#%!e &e )#*%$ % !##+ț
A'' Elaborarea une" #8eme "n"="ale de tran@"tare a trenur"lor !e întrea>a #e8="e
Se &'e%+ )e '% )#*%$ % !##+ &e$! %!e *e %&'#+ %!#%$% )e !%$#%!eț &e$! %!e &e!#(%)% ,!%/#'# %!e %'(%!e% e% "%# "#+ # *e e#$)e &e$!ș$!e%,% *e #e ($/(!" &!#$#'# )e e?#%e )%+ $ !e$ % (&!# $!-(ț
-
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LABORATOR &. DETERMINAREA CAPACITĂ II DE CIRCULA IE PE SEC II CU Ț Ț Ț LINIE SIMPLĂ
*% #e &e$! % &e!"#e !ee!e% $# !e$ )e &e *e$*' (&* &e !"+(%!e%ț)#*%$ + )e #!'% #e # *e % &e!"#e '# !ee!e% /+!+ (&!#!e # #$e!*:.ț ț ș
F#,!% 4.2 E'%@(!%!e% *?e"e# )e !%$#%!e &e $!e%,% *e #eț
L% %e* &%* e*e &(*#@#' *e )e#$+ )#*%$ + '#"#%#+ ( %'+ )#*%$ + )eț ț#!'% #e &e!#(%)% ,!%/#'# "%# "%!e /% + )e e% *%@#'#+ #$# #%'.ț ț ț
A'4 Core8tarea #8eme" "n"="ale
Se %$%'#e%+ "%# "'e *?e"e )e !%$#%!e % !e$!#'(! *(&' !e)e!##
&e!#(%)e# ,!%/#'# &e )#*%$ % '#"#%#+. De ee"&'; $ '( )e )(+ț#$e!%'e )e *(*#!e $e*#"'%$+ &e )#*%$ % '#"#%#+ &e" !e%'#% )(+ț#$e!%'e )e $!# %!e *% $' )e *(*#!e $e*#"'%$+ # $' )e $!# %!e.ș ș ș
A' Cal8ulul !er"oade" >ra## )e #!'%>#e %/#e+!e# )#*%$>e %(!' !e'% #e#ț
p
perm
+
t + ,
−= O!e$.!# &e!e?# 4.1:
$)e + !e&!e#$+ &e!#(%)% )e #"& &!e*%@#'#+ &e$! %!e *e )(!e eș
%''' %&%#+ ## )e #!'% #e; $ "() $(!"%' %&%#%e% *e )ee!"#$+ț ț &e$! ( # # $ %e* %ș 1440=+ "#$
45
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
permt )!%% )e #"& $ee*%!+ &e$! e/e%!e% )e (&e!% ##ț
&e!"%$e$e %!e $ *$ $ 'e,+!+ #!'% #% !e$!#'(! '!+!# '% '#$#e;țe!#/#+!#; e.:
p+ &e!#(%)% ,!%/#'# &e )#*%$ % )e #!'% #e &e %!e *eț ț
%''e%+ %&%#%e% )e #!'% #e.ț
Se $("ee )#%,!%"% %&%#+>## )e #!'%>#e &e $!e%,% *e>#e
F#,!% 4.3 D#%,!%"% %&%#+ ## )e #!'% #eț ț
C%&%#%e% %''%+ !e&!e#$+ %'(%!e% e(!e#+ % %&%#+>## ,!%/#'#
&%!%'e'; %&%#%e% &!%#+ /##$) %&!(#"%# 80 )#$ %e%*%. , , p 8;0=
/' P! %i(ii%! )i*p%! c$ +#a(i-a#!a ci#c$%ai!i p! /a-0 "! B.L.A.
Se #'#e%+ !e'% #%ț
γ µ γ γ µ
µ
:HHH:1P::1
:
( ( +
t + ,
p
perm
+−++−
−= 4.2:
$)e + !e&!e#$+ &e!#(%)% )e #"& &!e*%@#'#+ &e$! %!e *e )(!e eș
%''' %&%#+ ## )e #!'% #e; $ "() $(!"%' %&%#%e% *e )ee!"#$+ț ț
&e$! ( # # $ %e* %ș 1440=+ "#$
4&
-
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LABORATOR &. DETERMINAREA CAPACITĂ II DE CIRCULA IE PE SEC II CU Ț Ț Ț LINIE SIMPLĂ
permt )!%% )e #"& $ee*%!+ &e$! e/e%!e% )e (&e!% ##ț
&e!"%$e$e %!e $ *$ $ 'e,+!+ #!'% #% !e$!#'(! '!+!# '% '#$#e;țe!#/#+!#; e.:
p+ &e!#(%)% ,!%/#'# &e )#*%$ % )e #!'% #e &e %!e *eț ț
%''e%+ %&%#%e% )e #!'% #eț
HHH ( ( ( == !e&!e#$+ %'(%!e% "%#"+ % #$e!%'e'(! )e *%>#e I
µ $"+!' )e !e$!# )#$ /#e%!e &%?e
γ (e/##e$' )e &%?e#%!e
C%&%#%e% %''%+ !e&!e#$+ %'(%!e% e(!e#+ % %&%#+>## ,!%/#'#
&%!%'e'; %&%#%e% &!%#+ /##$) %&!(#"%# 80 )#$ %e%*%. , , p 8;0=
$' (eterm"narea 8a!a8"t? "" !entru >ra#e $e&%!%'e'; %&%#%e% )e #!'%>#e *e e&!#"+
$ %e,(!#% &!e&($)e!e$+ )e !e$!# )#!ee )e "%!/+:; %*/e'
∑−=i
i
c
i
c
np
c # e, , 48 O O .. &e! 5 zimarfădedirectetr 4.3:
$)e i !e&!e#$+ %e,(!#% !e$'# %'% )e
-
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
p
P,
+
+ e =0 4.5:
#%! sr e !e&!e#$+ (e/##e$ *&'#"e$%! )e !e)e!e.
Se $(% e )e %*e"e$e% &e!#(%)% ,!%/#'# &e )#*%$>% )e #!'%>#eș
'#"#%#+ P +
# &e!#(%)% ,!%/#'# &e )#*%$>% '#"#%#%ș P, + ; &e$!
!e$!#'e )e %'+ %e,(!#e )ee'(! )e #!'%>#e *e%''e%+ /('(*#$) &e!#(%)e'e )e '% !e$!#'e )#!ee )e "%!/+:
"%
P
med
P
+
+ . = 4.9:
Re'%>#% )e )ee!"#$%!e % '# e*! *e %&'#+ $"%# )%+ ∈0;6 0;9 # N∈49. D%+ $ *e $)e&'#$e* ($)#>##'e )e %&'#%!e %'e /(!"'e#; %$# e *! *e%)(&+ 0;3.
C(e/##e$' &!#$#&%' )e !e)e!e % !e$!#'(! )#!ee )e "%!/+; )e +!e!e$!#'e '(%'e )e "%!/+; *e )ee!"#$+ ( !e'%>#e *%@#'#+ &e %'ee&e!#"e$%'+; %*/e'
:11;08;0:1210 med cl
ms
&/f # .me ∆−−−+= 4.10:
4
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LABORATOR &. DETERMINAREA CAPACITĂ II DE CIRCULA IE PE SEC II CU Ț Ț Ț LINIE SIMPLĂ
$)e
l
P0 m !e&!e#$+ $"+!' &$e'(! )e *e>#($%!e $ %!e !e$' '(%'
%!e %##%e !e$' '(%' $ %!e %##%e #$ ?%'e'e )e "#%!e:
c # - $"+!' )e !e$!# )e +'+(!#; #$'*# !%$*($%#$e!e
med ∆ - !%&(!' "e)# $!e #ee'e !e$!#'(! )e "%!/+ # +'+(!#.
2
#$ regioregioer 1 1
1 mf med +
=∆− 4.11:
$)e
regioer
23
regioer t t
l
1 −
−
∑ ∑+×
=
#$
#$
:2
QH9
60
4.12:
#ș
44
-
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
regio
23
regio t t
l 1
:2
QH
60
∑ ∑+
×=
4.13:
$)e 23l !e&!e#$% '$,#"e% *e>#e# )e #!'%>#e; "+*!%+ $ ".
=e$! &/f sr e *e %)(&+ %'(%!e% 0;3.
/' P! %i(ii%! )i*p%! c$ +#a(i-a#!a ci#c$%ai!i p! /a-0 "! B.L.A.
=e$! %''' %&%#+ ## )e #!'% #e &e '#$#e *#"&'+ (!,%$#%!e%ț ț#!'% #e# '% @'( )e '#$#e %("% # ,!%/# $e&%!%'e' *e #'#e%+ !e'% ##'eț ș ț
4.3-4.13. A&%! $*+ ( *e!#e )e "()#/#+!# % !e'% ##'(! )e %'' )&+ "ț!"e%+
• =e '#$##'e *#"&'e $e*!%e B.L.A. (e/##e$' &!#$#&%' )e!e)e!e *e )ee!"#$+ !e'%>#%
P
e s P,
+
( ( + e
20
++= 4.14:
$)e e s ( ( ( == !e&!e#$+ %'(%!e% "%#"+ % #$e!%'e'(! )e *%>#e I
P, + &e!#(%)% ,!%/#'# &e$! !e$!#'e )e +'+(!# &e )#*%$%
'#"#%#+; $ #&(e% e#*e$>e# B.L.A.
P + &e!#(%)% ,!%/#'# &e$! !e$!#'e )#!ee )e "%!/%; &e
)#*%$>% '#"#%#+; $ #&(e% e#*e$>e# B.L.A.
4
-
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LABORATOR &. DETERMINAREA CAPACITĂ II DE CIRCULA IE PE SEC II CU Ț Ț Ț LINIE SIMPLĂ
• Re'% #% )e %'' %ț (e/##e$' &!#$#&%' )e !e)e!e &e$! !e$!#'(! )#!ee )e "%!/+; )e +!e !e$!#'e '(%'e )e "%!/+ e*e
:14;0:14;2:9;02;10 med cl
P0
&/f
# .me ∆−−−−+= δ 4.15:
$)e
P +
( 2=δ 4.14:
#%! (e/##e$' *&'#"e$%! )e !e)e!e &e$! !e$!#'(! )#!ee )e "%!/+;
)e +!e !e$!#'e '(%'e )e "%!/+ e*e 3;0= &/f sr e .
Cer"n e laborator:ț
C$(*
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
• $"+!' )e !e$!# )#$ /#e%!e &%?e 2= µ !e$!#• (e/##e$' )e &%?e#%!e 5;0=γ • $"+!' )e &e!e?# !e$!# )e +'+(!# )e %e,(!#% !e,#( 4=regio #
&e!e?# )e !e$!#• $"+!' )e &e!e?# !e$!# )e +'+(!# )e %e,(!#% #$e!-!e,#(6
#$ =
−regioer # &e!e?# )e !e$!#• $"+! )e &e!e?# )e !e$!# '(%'e )e "%!/+ 2= &/F # &e!e?# )e
!e$!#• $"+!' &$e'(! )e *e>#($%!e $ %!e !e$' '(%' %!e %##%e
4=l P0 m • '$,#"e% *e>#e# )e #!'%>#e; "+*!%+ $ " *e #'#e%+ %'(%!e%
/!$#%+ $ T%@e'' 1.1 )#$ L%@(!%(!' 1.
T"m! de lu8ru: 4 ore
41
-
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LA$%RAT%R ' (ETERMINAREACAPACITĂ II (E CIRCULA IE PEȚ Ț
SEC II CU LINIE (U$LĂȚ
No "un" "ntrodu8t"9e:ț
Se !e%'#e%+ &e *e$*!# )e #!'%>#e; $ !"+(%!e'e e%&e
A. Dee!"#$%!e% %&%#+ ## &e$! ,!%/#' &%!%'e'ț
%: =e '#$##'e )@'e (!,%$#%!e% #!'%>#e# &e @%+ )e %'e '#@e!+
A.1 Dee!"#$%!e% )#*%$>e# )e #!'%>#e #"&' )e "e!* *+,e%+"%#" # % )#*%$>e'(! #" %&!(%># )e #"&' "%#"
A.2 Dee!"#$%!e% &e!#(%)e# ,!%/#'# # e'%@(!%!e% $e# *?e"e#$#>#%'e )e !%$#%!e % !e$!#'(! &e $!e%,% *e>#e
A.3. C%''' %&%#+ ## )e #!'% #eț ț
A.4 Î$("#!e% )#%,!%"e# %&%#+ ## &e )#*%$ e'e )e #!'% #e &eț ț ț%"@e'e *e$*!# )e "e!*
@: =e '#$##'e )@'e (!,%$#%!e% #!'%>#e# &e @%+ )e B.L.A.
B. Dee!"#$%!e% %&%#+ ## &e$! ,!%/#' $e&%!%'e'ț
%: =e '#$##'e )@'e (!,%$#%!e% #!'%>#e# &e @%+ )e %'e '#@e!+
@: =e '#$##'e )@'e (!,%$#%!e% #!'%>#e# &e @%+ )e B.L.A.
Î$ ($#$%!e e*e &!ee$%+ "e()('(,#% )e %'' % %&%#+ ## )eț#!'% #e# &e$! *e ##'e $e*!%e '#$#e )@'+ț ț
43
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
A' (eterm"narea 8a!a8"t? "" !entru >ra
-
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LABORATOR . DETERMINAREA CAPACITĂ II DE CIRCULA IE PE SEC II CU Ț Ț Ț LINIE DUBLĂ
u P t + τ += HH "#$.e ; 5.1:
#%! &e$! *e$*' &%!
u P t + τ += HHHH "#$.e . 5.2:
Se e'%@(!e%+ *?e"% #$#>#%'+ )e !%$#%!e % !e$!#'(! &e $!e%,% *e>#e&e$! %"@e'e *e$*!#:.
F#,!% 5.3 S?e"% )e !%$#%!e % !e$!#'(! &e$! *e$*' #"&%! &e$! $!e%,% *e #eț
Aee%# *?e"+ )e !%$#%!e *e $("ee # &e$! *e$*' &%! )e #!'%>#e.
A'' Cal8ulul 8a!a8"t? "" de 8"r8ula "eț ț
Re'% #% )e %'' &e$! *e$*' #"&%! e*eț
p
perm
+
t + ,
H
H−
= #"&%! *e$* &e!!e$.!# 5.3:
$)e + !e&!e#$+ &e!#(%)% )e #"& &!e*%@#'#+ &e$! %!e *e )(!e eș
%''' %&%#+ ## )e #!'% #e; $ "() $(!"%' %&%#%e% *e )ee!"#$+ț ț &e$! ( # # $ %e* %ș 1440=+ "#$ ;
permt )!%% )e #"& $ee*%!+ &e$! e/e%!e% )e (&e!% ##ț
&e!"%$e$e %!e $ *$ $ 'e,+!+ #!'% #% !e$!#'(! '!+!# '% '#$#e;ț
e!#/#+!#; e.:;
5
Ht H P +
ud 2a
2a
P t t + τ ++= H
A
%
@
)
B
ubc
bc
P t + τ += H
u f d3
d3
P t t + τ ++= H
-
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
p+ H &e!#(%)% ,!%/#'# &e )#*%$ % )e #!'% #e &e *e$*' #"&%! ț ț
&e %!e *e %''e%+ %&%#%e% )e #!'% #e.ț
I%! &e$! *e$*' &%! %&%#%e% )e #!'% #e *e %''e%+ !e'% #%ț ț
p
perm
+
t + ,
HHHH
−= &%! *e$* &e!!e$.!# 5.4:
$)e p+ HH !e&!e#$+ &e!#(%)% ,!%/#'# &e )#*%$ % )e #!'% #e &e *e$*'ț ț
#"&%! &e %!e *e %''e%+ %&%#%e% )e #!'% #e.ț
A'4 Înto8m"rea d"a>rame" 8a!a8"t? "" !e d"#tan ele de 8"r8ula "eț ț ț
!e ambele #en#ur" de mer#
Se $("e e &e$! /#e%!e *e$* $ &%!eș
F#,!% 5.4 D#%,!%"% %&%#+ ## )e #!'% #eț ț
/' P! %i(ii%! "$/%! c$ +#a(i-a#!a ci#c$%ai!i p! /a-0 "! B.L.A.
Î$ %'
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LABORATOR . DETERMINAREA CAPACITĂ II DE CIRCULA IE PE SEC II CU Ț Ț Ț LINIE DUBLĂ
F#,!% 5.5 C#!'% #e &e '#$#e )@'+ $ &%?eț
Î$ %e* % %&%#%e% )e #!'% #e *e %''e%+ !e'% ##'eț ț
HH
(
t + ,
perm−= #"&%! *e$* &e!!e$.!# 5.5:
#ș
HHHH
(
t + ,
perm−= &%! *e$* &e!!e$.!# 5.6:
$)e HHH ( ( ( == !e&!e#$+ %'(%!e% "%#"+ % #$e!%'e'(! )e *%>#e ( .
$' (eterm"narea 8a!a8"t? "" !entru >raan"@area 8"r8ula="e" !e ba@? de 8ale l"ber?
L% /e' % $ %' #!'% #e# &e '#$#e *#"&'+ &e$! ,!%/#' )e #!'%>#eț$e&%!%'e'; %&%#%e% )e #!'%>#e *e e&!#"+ $ %e,(!#% &!e&($)e!e$+ )e!e$!#; # *e %''e%+ !e'% #% @#$e$(*+ș ț
∑−=i
i
c
i
c
np
c # e, , 48 O O .. &e! 5 zimarfădedirectetr 5.7:
$)e i !e&!e#$+ %e,(!#% !e$'# %'% )e
-
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
sr c eee += 0 5.8:
$)e0e
!e&!e#$+ (e/##e$ &!#$#&%' )e !e)e!e; %''% !e'% #%ț
p
P,
+
+ e =0 5.9:
#%! sr e
!e&!e#$+ (e/##e$ *&'#"e$%! )e !e)e!e.
Se $(% e )e %*e"e$e% &e!#(%)% ,!%/#'# &e )#*%$>% )e #!'%>#eș
'#"#%#+ P +
# &e!#(%)% ,!%/#'# &e )#*%$>% '#"#%#%ș P, + ; &e$!
!e$!#'e )e %'+ %e,(!#e )ee'(! )e #!'%>#e *e%''e%+ /('(*#$) &e!#(%)e'e )e '% !e$!#'e )#!ee )e "%!/+:
"%
P
med
P
+
+ . = 5.13:
Re'%>#% )e )ee!"#$%!e % '# e*! *e %&'#+ $"%# )%+ ∈0;6 0;9 # N∈
49. D%+ $ *e $)e&'#$e* ($)#>##'e )e %&'#%!e %'e /(!"'e#; %$# e *! *e%)(&+ 0;3.
-
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LABORATOR . DETERMINAREA CAPACITĂ II DE CIRCULA IE PE SEC II CU Ț Ț Ț LINIE DUBLĂ
C(e/##e$' &!#$#&%' )e !e)e!e % !e$!#'(! )#!ee )e "%!/+; )e +!e!e$!#'e '(%'e )e "%!/+; *e )ee!"#$+ &e$! *#% #% )#$ %e* '%@(!%(! ț!e'%>#%
:23;01:1210 med cl
ms
&/f # .me ∆−−−+= δ 5.14:
$)el
P0 m !e&!e#$+ $"+!' &$e'(! )e *e>#($%!e $ %!e !e$' '(%'
%!e %##%e !e$' '(%' $ %!e %##%e #$ ?%'e'e )e "#%!e:
c # - $"+!' )e !e$!# )e +'+(!#; #$'*# !%$*($%#$e!e
med ∆ - !%&(!' "e)# $!e #ee'e !e$!#'(! )e "%!/+ # +'+(!#.
2
#$ regioregioer 1 1
1 mf med +
=∆− 5.15:
$)e
regioer
23regioer
t t
l 1
−
−
∑ ∑+×
=
#$
#$
:2
QH
9
60
5.16:
#ș
4
-
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
regio
23
regio t t
l 1
:2
QH
60
∑ ∑+
×=
5.17:
$)e 23l !e&!e#$+ '$,#"e% *e>#e# )e #!'%>#e; "+*!%+ $ ".
I%! δ e*e $ &%!%"e! %' !e'% #e# # *e %''e%+ /(!"'%ț ș
+p
( 2=δ 5.18:
=e$! &/f sr e *e %)(&+ %'(%!e% 0;3.
/' P! %i(ii%! "$/%! c$ +#a(i-a#!a ci#c$%ai!i p! /a-0 "! B.L.A.
Î$ %' ,!%/#'# )e #!'% #e $e&%!%'e'; !%*e'e !e$!#'(! *$ $e&%!%'e'e;ț!e$!#'e %
-
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LABORATOR . DETERMINAREA CAPACITĂ II DE CIRCULA IE PE SEC II CU Ț Ț Ț LINIE DUBLĂ
=e!#(%)% $e# #'e e*e /('(*#+ &e$! #!'% #% !(! %e,(!##'(! )eț!e$!#. T#"&' %!e $ &(%e /# /('(*# &e$! #!'% #% !e$!#'(! )#!ee )eț"%!/+ *e $"e e #"& )e !e)e!e % !e$!#'(! "%!/+ )e +!e !e$!#'e )eș
+'+(!#; '(%'e )e "%!/+ *% %'e %e,(!## )e !e$!#. Ae* #"& )e$)e )e!%&(!' #ee'(! !e$!#'(! )e "%!/+ # % !e$!#'(! )e +'+(!# *% %'eș%e,(!## )e !e$!#; )e$)e )e %"&'%*%"e$' %e,(!##'(! )e !e$!# $,!%/#; $e#)e$#%e% )#*%$ e'(! )e #!'% #e # )e #&' )e ,!%/# %)(&%.ț ț ș
T#"&' )e !e)e!e *e ("&$e )#$ )(+ &+! #ț
• #"&' )e (&%!e % )#*%$ e# )e #!'% #e )e +!e !e$!#'e )eț ț
+'+(!#; '(%'e )e "%!/+; e.• #"&' $e#'#% &e$! #!'% #% !e$!#'(! )#!ee )e "%!/+;ț
)%(!% /%&'# + #$e!%'' )#$!e !e$!#'e )e +'+(!#; '(%'e )e"%!/+; e. $ e*e "'#&' %' &e!#(%)e# ,!%/#'#; )e$"# #"&*&'#"e$%! )e !e)e!e.
Î$ %' $e# *e ## $e*!%e @'( )e '#$#e %("% !e$!#'e )e +'+(!#ț#$/'e$ e%+ *e"$#/#%# #'#%!e% %&%#+ ## )e #!'% #e; (e/##e$' )eț ț ț!e)e!e &
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
F#,!% 5.6 T!%*%!e% !e$'# )e +'+(!#
C(e/##e$' &!#$#&%' )e !e)e!e *e )ee!"#$+ !e'%>#%
(
( + e t
−=
0 5.19:
$)et +
*e (@ #$e )#$ )e*e$ &e$! /#e%!e %e,(!#e )e !e$ $ &%!eț
( ( ( e0 == %'(%!e% "%#"+ % #$e!%'e'(! )e *%>#e ( .
=e$! e*! *e %)(&+ %'(%!e% 0;3.
Ee"&'e )e (e/##e$># )e !e)e!e
- &e$! '#$#e *#"&'+ '% C.F.R. eJ1;1-1;3
$ E!(&% eJ1;4-2;5
- &e$! '#$#e )@'+ B.L.A.:
2 3 4
1
A
%
@
)
B
0 (
( ( (
( ( ( e (
t +
-
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LABORATOR . DETERMINAREA CAPACITĂ II DE CIRCULA IE PE SEC II CU Ț Ț Ț LINIE DUBLĂ
1;3 1;2 1;1
C(e/##e$' &!#$#&%' )e !e)e!e % !e$!#'(! )#!ee )e "%!/+ )e +!e!e$!#'e '(%'e )e "%!/+ *e )ee!"#$+ !"+(%!e% !e'%>#e *%@#'#+ &e %'ee&e!#"e$%'+
:202;01:10 med cl
ms
&/f # me ∆−−+= 5.14:
$)el
P0 m !e&!e#$+ $"+!' &$e'(! )e *e>#($%!e $ %!e !e$' '(%'
%!e %##%e !e$' '(%' $ %!e %##%e #$ ?%'e'e )e "#%!e:
c # - $"+!' )e !e$!# )e +'+(!#; #$'*# !%$*($%#$e!e
med ∆ - !%&(!' "e)# $!e #ee'e !e$!#'(! )e "%!/+ # +'+(!#.
I%! (e/##e$' )e !e)e!e *&'#"e$%! $ %' !e$!#'(! '(%'e )e "%!/+e*e e*! LM/ J 0;3.
Cer"n e laborator:ț
C$(*
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
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LA$%RAT%R /' ELA$%RAREA.ARIANTEI RA0I%NALE (E TRASARE
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
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LABORATOR 4. ELABORAREA VARIANTEI RA5IONALE DE TRASARE 6N GRAFIC A TRENURILOR LOCALE DE MARFĂ
• #"&' "#$#" )e *%>#($%!e % %,(%$e'(! $ *%>##'e #$e!"e)#%!e; '%
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
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LABORATOR 4. ELABORAREA VARIANTEI RA5IONALE DE TRASARE 6N GRAFIC A TRENURILOR LOCALE DE MARFĂ
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LA$%RAT%R 1' UTILI2AREA UNUIM%(EL (E PR%GN%2Ă PENTRU UN
ANUMIT %RI2%NT (E TIMP
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Se $"ee *e!#e )#$%"#+ $ #! )e )%e %!e (!e*&$) $e# %$"#e%!%e!#*## %$#%#e; "+*!%e $ )#/e!#e "("e$e )e #"& (!)($%e.
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LABORATOR 7. UTILI8AREA UNUI MODEL DE PROGNO8Ă PENTRU UN ANUMIT ORI8ONT DE TIMP
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
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LABORATOR 7. UTILI8AREA UNUI MODEL DE PROGNO8Ă PENTRU UN ANUMIT ORI8ONT DE TIMP
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LA$%RAT%R 3' (ETERMINAREANUMĂRULUI (E TRENURI (IRECTE (E
MARFĂ
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LABORATOR 9. DETERMINAREA NUMĂRULUI DE TRENURI DIRECTE DE MARFĂ
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LA$%RAT%R ' ELA$%RAREAGRAFICULUI (E CIRCULA0IE
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LABORATOR :. ELABORAREA GRAFICULUI DE CIRCULA5IE
• &!(/#'' '($,#)#$%' %' +## &e$! &(!>#$#'e )#$ %&!(e!e% *%>##'(!• *#*e"' %)(&% &e$! )#*!#@#!e% %,(%$e'(! '(%'e &e *e>#e.
T!e$!#'e *e !%*e%+ $ ,!%/# &e %e,(!## $!-( %$"#+ *e*#$e " %! /# *e !%*e%% "%# $#%'+ )e &!#$# % ,!%/#'# '% %!e *e $("ee# !$*' '(("(#e'(! >#$#e % *e#e#. D%+ &!(e$' )e #'#%!e %%&%#%>## )e #!'%>#e e*e )e &e*e 70 !%*%!e% ,!%/#'# *e $e&e )e &e)#*%$>% '#"#%#+ % *e>#e#.
T!%*%!e% $ %e* % *e % $e&e *?e"% e% "%# e/##e$+ %!e %*#,!+ (%&%#%e )e #!'%>#e "%#"%.
=e '#$##'e )@'e # &e *e>## %&%#%e )e #!'%>#e #'#%+ *@ 70e'%@(!%!e% ,!%/#'# *e &(%e $e&e # )e &e )#*%$>e'e )e #!'%>#e e!e"e;%*#,!#e#.
Ee"&' D%+ A e*e ( '(%'#%e #"&(!%$+; !e$!#'e )e &e!*(%$e )e Re,#((! *(*# &>#$ #"& $%#$e )e (!e'e )e *?#"@ %'e &e!*($%''# )#$#$!e&!#$)e!# 7; 15 # 23: # (! &'e% '% #!% 30-40 "#$e )&+ (!% )e*?#"@. Se % %e% $ e)e!e # (!% )e *?#"@ % &e!*($%''# CFR (!% 19:.
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
T!e$!#'e #$e!-!e,#( *(*e* $ A )#"#$e%>% *% *e%!%
T!e$!#'e !e,#( # e'e #$e!# *e &( !e&%!#% &e )!%% $!e,## #'e. D&+e *-% !%*% $ ,!%/# !e$!#'e )e +'%(!# # !%$*($%#$e!e; $ &e!#(%)e'e)e #"& !+"%*e '#@e!e *e !%*e%+ !e$!#'e )#!ee )e "%!/+; $e!#e *e % !%*% &e$! !%/#' (!e*&$+(! %$'# )e!e/e!#$>%; #'#%!e% )(+!#'(! e?$#e %!e *+ %*#,!e ( !ee!+ (&#"+ )e
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LABORATOR :. ELABORAREA GRAFICULUI DE CIRCULA5IE
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F(!"'%!' )e ,!%/# % %e% $ &%!e% *% *e>#e# $"+!' )e '#$## $ *%>##;%)(&% )e /#e%!e *)e$ # #$e!%'e'e )e *%>#e (@>#$e )#$ %'' ##'#%e '% !%*%!e% !e$!#'(! $ ,!%/# e# ee"&' )#$ /#,!% 9.1:.
C#/!e'e %!e (!e*&$) $#+>#'(! )e "#$e &e$! *(*#!e; &'e%!e *%!%$#%!e % !e$!#'(! &!#$ *%>##'e #$e!"e)#%!e *e *!# $ $,?#' %*>#/+ )e !%*+ %% *%>#e#; $ *e$*' )e "e!* %' !e$'#; $ &'%% )e %'(!# )e'% 0 '% 9.
=e$! '#$##'e *#"&'e *e (! !e*&e% $ ,!%/# #$e!%'e'e )e *(*#!e$e*#"'%$+; )e $!#%!e # )e !"+!#!e. =e$! '#$##'e )@'e *e (! !e*&e% #$e!%'e'e )e !"+!#!e )#$!e !e$!#.
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
Cer"n e laborator:ț
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LA$%RAT%R &5' IN(ICAT%RII TE6NICI(E E7PL%ATARE AI GRAFICULUI (E
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LABORATOR 1;. INDICATORII TE
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APLICA II PRACTICEȚ
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APLICA II PRACTICE Ț
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
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APLICA II PRACTICE Ț
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TRAFIC ÎN RE ELE CU ACCES REGLEMENTATȚ-ÎNDRUMAR LABORATOR-
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APLICA II PRACTICE Ț
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