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Infectious Conditions of the Lower Respiratory Tract
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TuberculosisTuberculosisSupportive Educative NursingSupportive Educative Nursing
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Etiology
• Gram + AFB• Exposure repeated• Contamination• Replication
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Statistics
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Video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QgVchBERVng
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Populations At Risk
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Symptoms
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Diagnosis• Tuberculin skin test• H & P• CXR• Sputum collection • + AFB• QuantiFERON-TB test
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Mantoux tuberculin skin test
• Intradermal wheal• Induration 48 to 72
hours • Annually for healthcare
workers
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Medical Management• Four drug regimen for six months (Centers for Disease
Control): INH (isoniazid) Rifampin PZA (pyrazinamide) Ethambutol • Follow up CXR• Follow up bacteriostatic studies
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Nursing Management• Health Promotion• Education• Hand washing• Isolation• HEPA ( High-efficiency
particulate air) masks• Public/community health
department
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Vaccine & ImmunizationsTB Vaccine (BCG)• BCG, or bacille Calmette-Guérin, is a vaccine for TB disease. • Not widely used in the United States• If you were vaccinated with BCG, you may have a positive
reaction to a TB skin test.
(Centers for Disease Control website)
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Nursing Diagnosis• Ineffective breathing pattern r/t decreased lung capacity• Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements r/t chronic
poor appetite, fatigue, productive cough• Noncompliance r/t lack of knowledge of disease process• Ineffective health maintenance r/t lack of knowledge about
disease process and therapeutic regimen• Activity intolerance r/t fatigue, decreased nutritional status,
chronic febrile episodes