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Integrated Energy-Water Resources Management for Green Industries:
The Case of Mongolia Professor Steve Evans
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The role of the Knowledge Economy
• Economic development, social development and environmental protection:
Skilled labour is critically important.
• Collaborations among government, industry, university and local community are important to tackle system problems.
• To create strong industry sectors Mongolia needs a strong innovation system.
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General Background
• (Mongolia) does not need to follow other countries’ economic development trajectories (slow progress up the value chain).
• In future, economic development, environmental protection and social development are expected.
• Efficiency is often poorly understood.
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General Background
• The REAL water & energy capacity is not understood.
• The REAL water & energy demand is not understood.
• We can OBSERVE moments when demand is greater than capacity.
• Best Available Technology can reduce demand by 50% (typical, but costly).
• Most Efficient Practice can reduce demand by 50% (typical, but rare) .
• Efficiency is cheap but requires knowledge.
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Specific Background
• For Mongolia, the next 10 years are critically important in green development. • Green development: economic development, environmental protection,
and social development
• Green industry is both green products and green producing
• It is possible for Mongolia to create high competence and competiveness in green growth in 10 years. • But Mongolian Government must know the limits of system capacities
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Goals from Industry Policy
• How can Mongolia learn to establish its strong industry sectors during the high development phase supported by foreign investment?
• Good example: South Korea, 1960s-early 1980s • Government-led national innovation focusing on specific industry sectors
• Strong education system was created
• Clear link from education to the knowledge needed to add value • Process control, quality, engineering, technology management
(resource management in Mongolia)
• Strong co-ordination across Ministries
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Goals from environmental and social aims
• How can Mongolia create a strong environmental and social system supporting its national economy and innovation systems? • Mongolia needs a key learning entity: industry
• Mongolian key industry sectors should create knowledge and skilled labour in environmental protection and social development.
• The knowledge and skilled labour will affect other industries and other parts of society positively.
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Which are the Key Industries?
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Mongolia Textile Industry Development
• One of the key industries in terms of national revenue
• Transforming to high value added industry
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Mongolia Construction Industry Development
• High demand in housing development
• The Ulaanbaatar Master Plan 2020 (UBMP 2020)
• Successful economic followers, such as South Korea and Taiwan have established strong construction industries early in their plans.
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Recommendations
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Area of Action: Textile Industry
Overreaching Recommendation 1: To create a consistent plan for the textile industry in terms of economic performance and water-energy nexus.
• Recommendation 1.1 To define the characteristics and strategies of the cluster.
• Recommendation 1.2 To undertake rigorous feasibility research on the development of the clusters and to collect information regarding the future demand for energy and water for the cluster.
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Area of Action: Textile Industry
• Recommendation 1.3 To create the new manufacturing cluster in terms of industry symbiosis.
• Recommendation 1.4 To create wastewater reuse systems for the factories in the clusters.
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Area of Action: Housing development and the construction industry Overreaching Recommendation 2: To encourage the development of high quality housing, which will lead to a better construction industry and to reduced demand for water and energy.
• Recommendation 2.1. To apply high performance insulation for all housing and business buildings in Ulaanbaatar.
• Recommendation 2.2. To produce high skilled construction labour and technicians from architects to construction workers.
• Recommendation 2.3. To install alternative energy sources for the industrial cluster and to encourage high-performance insulation and double-glazing windows for all housing and factory buildings in the new industrial cluster.
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Area of Action: Technology and infrastructure
Overreaching Recommendation 3: To promote new technology supporting the water and energy systems
• Recommendation 3.1 To measure the energy and water use by using Information and Communication Technologies (ICT).
• Recommendation 3.2 To support technology development aiming at co-ordinated action across the areas of education, research and industry.
• Recommendation 3.3 To create new Ulaanbaatar municipal wastewater treatment facilities.
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Area of Action: the role of Government
Overreaching Recommendation 4: To enhance governance in planning and monitoring of water and energy consumption.
• Recommendation 4.1. To identify and learn from international examples of successful integrated resource management.
• Recommendation 4.2. To increase its capacity to assess and monitor its key environmental resources – water, air quality, energy efficiency and land productivity.
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Area of Action: the role of Government
• Recommendation 4.3. To share information and improve the coordination of strategies across Ministries and with industry.
• Recommendation 4.4. To establish a strong supervision and monitoring system for all construction activities from material quality testing to construction quality examinations.
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Q&A
Thank you