Download - Integrated NGL and LNG production
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Integrated NGL and LNG production. Heinz C. BauerVP technology of NG processing plants, Linde EngineeringGastech, Singapore, 27-30 October 2015
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StarLNGLTMLinde AG Engineering Division 2
Biography
After graduation at the Technical University Munich as PhD in Applied Physics, Dr Heinz Bauer joined Linde Engineering 34 years ago. He worked in different positions in process design as well as sales and marketing. His focus has been on all kind of cryogenic gas processing including cracked gases, synthesis gas, refinery off-gases and of course natural gas. Presently he is responsible as Vice President for technology of natural gas processing plants.
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StarLNGLTMLinde AG Engineering Division 3
Linde Engineering | LNG product range
Qmax BOGR
tpd10 100 1,000 10,000
1 10 mtpaLNG
0.10.01
Snøhvit LNG
FLNG
ShanShan LNGKwinana LNG
strong positionlimited marketdeveloping
positiongrowing market
CWHEmulti cycle
CWHEMR cycle
Micro LNG
simple setuplimited market
PFHEMR cycle
PFHEN2 cycle
LIN
StarLNGTM
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StarLNGLTMLinde AG Engineering Division 4
Motivation for LNG + NGL
• hundreds of NGL recovery plants with ~200 MMSCFD feed
• C2 recovery/rejection depends on market prices
• CH4 production in gaseous (pipeline) or liquid (LNG) form opens new business channels U.S. Lower-48 States Natural Gas Processing Capacity
source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, eia
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StarLNGLTMLinde AG Engineering Division 5
Tie-in point for LNG production
• tail-end tie-inoffers the most independent solution
• warm-end tie-inunloads residue gas compression
• cold-end tie-inallows for the tightest integration of NGL and LNG production, unloads residue gas compression
LNG
LNG
LNGselected
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StarLNGLTMLinde AG Engineering Division 6
Cryo Module and LNG Storage
• a gaseous side stream of the demethanizer column overheads is sent to a Cryo Module
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StarLNGLTMLinde AG Engineering Division 7
Cryo Module and LNG Storage
• a gaseous side stream of the demethanizer column overheads is sent to a Cryo Module
• after partial condens-ation of the vapor the liquid fraction is returned to the column
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StarLNGLTMLinde AG Engineering Division 8
Cryo Module and LNG Storage
• a gaseous side stream of the demethanizer column overheads is sent to a Cryo Module
• after partial condens-ation of the vapor the liquid fraction is returned to the column
• the remaining light vapor fraction is liquefied, subcooled and sent to LNG storage
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StarLNGLTMLinde AG Engineering Division 9
Refrigeration Unit
• refrigeration is provided by a proprietary Cryostar compander
• the working fluid of the compander is a N2/CH4 mixture
• heat of compression is rejected to the ambient by air cooling (base case) or water cooling
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StarLNGLTMLinde AG Engineering Division 10
End-flash & BOG handling
• end-flash & boil-off gas from LNG storage is compressed and sent to the suction side of the residue gas compressor
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StarLNGLTMLinde AG Engineering Division 11
Compander
• all 14 Q-max LNG carriers (including Mozah) have been equipped with two onboard BOGR systems each, which had been designed and manu-factured by Cryostar (a Linde company)
• the BOGR systems are built around a two-shaft compander
Mozahowned and operated by Qatargas 2
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StarLNGLTMLinde AG Engineering Division 12
Cascaded Refrigeration Scheme
1. C3 pre-cooling2. work expansion of
feed gas3. work expansion of
mixed refrigerant
4. J-T refrigeration for sub-cooling
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StarLNGLTMLinde AG Engineering Division 13
StarLNGLTM Process Features
In combination with an NGL plant
Double N2
expander process
Single mixed refrigerant (SMR) process
Mixed fluid compander (StarLNGLTM) process
Number of rotating equipment
High (N2 compressor, 2 expander/booster sets)
Low (MR compressor)
Low (MR compander)
Ease of operation High (good turn-down capability, easy start-up)
FairFair (elevated settle-out pressure, refrigerant handling)
High (same as N2 expander process)
Logistics of refrigerant make-up
Easy (only nitrogen) ComplexComplex (in addition to N2 and CH4 a choice of C2 to C5 components)
Easy (nitrogen plus methane)
Process safety Very high (only nitrogen)
FairFair (increased amount of C3+ in liquid form under pressure)
High (only volatile CH4 plus N2 in the refrigerant)
Efficiency Fair Fair (even with two expanders)
High (good heat integration using latent heat)
High (in combination with NGL plant)
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StarLNGLTMLinde AG Engineering Division 14
Economics
• 10% more feed gas (220 instead of 200 MMSCFD) generates 10% additional NGLs
• load to the residue gas compressor is unchanged
• 6 MW net power demand of the compander generates 156-280 t/d LNG(100-180 kgpd) depending on gas composition
110%100%
110%
no extra load
6 MW
~218 t/d~140 kgpd
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StarLNGLTMLinde AG Engineering Division 15
Conclusions
• Small-scale LNG production (100 – 180 kgpd) can be integrated smartly into conventional mid-scale NGL recovery plants
LNG + NGL → LNGLTM
• Refrigeration is based on a sophisticated cooling concept including Cryostar's proven compander
• Economics are favorable even during ramp-up of LNG production, as additional NGL product improves revenues
• Linde Process Plants, Tulsa, OK (www.lppusa.com) is glad to quote for your specific project
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Thank you for your attention.
Heinz C. BauerVP technology of NG processing plants, Linde EngineeringGastech, Singapore, 27-30 October 2015