Interstate 80 Planning StudyAutomated & Connected Vehicles
Iowa DOT Leadership ConferenceGateway CenterOctober 17, 2017
I-80 Automated Corridors
I-80 Automated Corridors
I-80 Planning Study (PEL)
I-80 Automated Corridors
What do we hope to accomplish with the I-80 Study?
Guiding Principles Balance Mobility and Access
Design in consideration of emerging technologies
Right size Interstate 80
Consider practical modal solutions
Build on past study Effort
Engage stakeholders
Feed an implementation plan
Technical Memorandum Public Involvement Plan Guiding Principles for the Interstate System System Evaluation of Overhead Bridges Viability of Truck Only Lanes Diversion Strategies
Automated Corridors Existing Conditions Resiliency & Vulnerability Modal Options Tolling Considerations Vision for Infrastructure Investment
I-80 Automated Corridors
Trying to Answer What do we have that we don’t need
What do we need that we don’t have
How are we going to build it
How are we going to fund it
Can we make it expandable
Evaluate the effect of automated vehicles and emerging technology on:
– Safety
– Capacity & Operations
– Design Elements
– Travel Time Reliability
I-80 Automated Corridors
GM “Super Cruise”2017 Cadillac CT6
Levels of Autonomy
Tesla Model S
Waymo (Google)
I-80 Automated Corridors
AV/CV Adoption Rates: Passenger VehiclesSummary of Literature
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 2055 2060
Pe
ne
tra
tio
n R
ate
Kockelman - Aggressive
VTPI - Conservative
VTPI - Aggressive
Kockelman - Conservative
Kockelman - Moderate
Goldman Sachs
I-80 Automated Corridors
Adoption Rates
I-80 Automated Corridors
I-80 Automated Corridors
Location2014 2040
AADT (vpd) Truck Volume AADT (vpd) Truck Volume
1.5 miles west of County Road M16
Pottawattamie County 23,500 8225 33,104 12,248
2.0 miles east of US 71
Cass County20,100 7839 29,585 11,834
1.0 miles west of US 63
Poweshiek County26,500 9275 44,962 16,186
2.0 miles east of IA 149
Iowa County31,200 9672 53,610 17,691
2.5 miles east of County Road X40
Cedar County33,500 11,725 64,774 23,966
1.5 miles east of Middle Road
Scott County30,800 9,240 58,974 17,102
Truck Volumes XX %
COUNCIL BLUFFS
DES MOINES
IOWA CITY
DAVENPORT
35%
39%
35%
31%
35%
30%
41%
47%
70%
72%
93%
91%
49%
51%
75%
83%
104%
85%
37%
40%
36%
33%
37%
29%
XX %TRUCK %GROWTH %
I-80 Automated Corridors
TC 2
TC 3
TC 4
TC 5
TC 1 Council Bluffs
Davenport
I-80 Automated Corridors
Des Moines
Traffic Analysis
• 2040 Projections
• Traditional HCM Approach
• DOT Statewide travel model runs
– 2040 4-lane I-80
– 2040 6-lane I-80
• Research on AV impact to
demand
– Induced trips due to AV
– Potentially longer trips as well
Traffic Analysis
I-80 Automated Corridors
20142025 -20%AV
2030 -50%AV
2040No-
Build
2040Build
No AV
2040 -25%AV
2040 -85%AV
Analysis Scenario 33,500 49,500 60,100 51,900 64,800 68,700 77,100
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
Ave
rage
Dai
ly T
raff
ic V
olu
me
Traffic Demand by Future Year and AV Market Penetration
2014 202520%
203050%
No-Build
Build25%
Build85%
Build0%
2040
• Key innovation = Custom VISSIM scripts for AV
• Custom vehicle types / behaviors
• Platoon formation / tracking / dissipation
Traffic Operations Analysis
VISSIM with AV
VISSIM without AV
I-80 Automated Corridors
Dark Blue – AV CarLight Blue – AV Car in platoonGreen – Manual Car
Purple – AV TruckYellow – Manual Truck
Interstate 80 Automated Vehicle SimulationAutomated Vehicles in Mixed Traffic with Human Drivers
I-80 Automated Corridors
I-80 Automated Corridors
Traffic Analysis 1
Early AV Adopters
(25%)
2
Rise of the AVs
(50%)
3
Limited AV Adopters
(20%)
4
AV Domination
(85%)
Simulated capacity with AV
• Default VISSIM driver behavior
• AV traffic mixes with non-AVs in all lanes
• Benefits reach substantial level at 50% AV• 85% AV – A 6-lane freeway can serve
roughly 1,800 additional vehicles during the peak hour
• Dependent on vehicle following / platooning code; likely to change over time
Simulation Benefits
TC 2
TC 3
TC 4TC 5
TC 1 Council Bluffs
I-80 Automated Corridors
Des Moines
Traffic Analysis
Davenport
Automated Vehicle Safety
Safety Analysis
I-80 Automated Corridors
Forward Collision Warning
Lane-Change Warning
Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control
Safety Analysis Approach
Combine the crash reductions for all AV safety technologies
Apply the crash reduction factors to predicted future crashes
Pick AV safety application to mitigate crash
Lane-keeping assist reduces 50%-90% of target crashes
Crash Patterns for I-80
30% of crashes classified as run off road or crossed median
I-80 Automated Corridors
• Introducing automated vehicles reduces crashes
• Reductions near 70% of total crashes for 85% AV
I-80 Predicted Crash Rates
Safety Analysis Results
I-80 Automated Corridors
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Scenario 1 Early AVAdopters (25% AV)
Scenario 2 Rise ofthe AVs (50% AV)
Scenario 3 LimitedAV Adopters (20%
AV)
Scenario 4 AVDomination (85%
AV)Serious Injury InjuryProperty DamageTotal
1
Early AV Adopters
(25%)
2
Rise of the AVs
(50%)3
Limited AV Adopters
(20%)
4
AV Domination
(85%)
Crash Reduction Factor due to AV
Design Elements
~2030- 2050
~2050- 2070
I-80 Automated Corridors
I-80 Automated Corridors
I-80 Automated Corridors
I-80 PEL Study Website
https://www.iowadot.gov/interstatestudy
Automated Vehicles Video
https://youtu.be/fAw747arR1Y
Links
QUESTIONS ???
I-80 Automated Corridors
www.dot.iowa.gov\interstatestudy
BRAD HOFERLOCATION ENGINEER / ASSISTANT OFFICE DIRECTOROFFICE OF LOCATION & [email protected]: 515-239-1787