Introduction
Digital Computer DesignInstructor: Kasım Sinan YILDIRIM
Course Objectives• Understand what’s under the hood of a computer• Learn the principles of digital design• Learn FPGA based design tools• Design and build a simple microprocessor
224 Digital Computer Design
Digital Logic
Deals with building blocks of digital systems
(Intel)
?
What are Logic Gates built from?
Digital building blocks
Transistor
Chip complexity
Submicron and nanoscale dimensions
(AMD X4 Proc: 758 million transistors; photo: Sc. Am, Jan. 2010)
World of the Small
5 layers of interconnections
Logic Level
Circuit Level
Chip level
Moore’s LawChip complexity doubles every two years
How to Design such complex systems?
Make AbstractionsDivide and Conquer
Reuse previous designs
• Hierarchy– A system divided into modules and submodules
• Modularity– Having well-defined functions and interfaces
• Regularity– Encouraging uniformity, so modules can be
easily reused
The Three -Y’s
Results(design productivity)
Effort(EDA tool effort)
Transistor entry
Schematic entry
Synthesis
What’s next?
Electronic Design Automation (EDA)
BusA Bus BAddress out
Data out MW
Data in
MUX B1 0
MUX D0 1
DATAPATH
RWDAAA
Constantin
BA
MB
FSVCNZ
Functionunit
A B
F
MDBus D
IR(2:0)
Data in Address
DatamemoryData out
DRegister
fileA B
Instructionmemory
Address
Instruction
Zero fill
DA
BA
AA
FS
MD
RW
MW
MB
Instruction decoder
JB
Extend
LP B
C
BranchControl
VCNZ
JBL
P BC
IR(8:6) || IR(2:0)
PC
CONTROL
JumpAddress
Simple Processor