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Introduction to the Periodic Table
Introduction to the Periodic Table
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How to Read the Periodic Table
Atomic Number: the number of PROTONS and ELECTRONS in an element
Atomic Weight: the weight of 1 mole of that element
Symbol: abbreviation that represents the element
Element name
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Introduction to the Periodic Table
• Each square represents one element
• All information stand for 1 MOLE of that element– All elements are different
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Periodic Table• Divided into two main sections: Metals
and Nonmetals• Vertical columns = GROUPS
– There are 18 groups in the periodic table.– Elements have similar properties
• Rows = PERIODS– Chemical and physical properties change A
LOT across periods
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Types of Elements• Metals
– An element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity
– Room temperature most are solid– Malleability: the ability to be
hammered into thin sheets– Ductile: ability to be made into wire
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Alkali MetalsGroup I of periodic tableVery reactiveUsually silver in appearanceReact violently with water
Ex: Na (sodium) with water…you don’t want to be in the room
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Alkali Earth Metals More dense, strong and hardHigh melting pointsToo reactive, are not found in
natureGroup II elementsEx: Magnesium (Mg)
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Transition MetalsThese are the “typical” metalsMiddle “chunk” of periodic tableGroups III – XIIEx: Iron (Fe)
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Non-MetalsA poor conductor of heat and
electricityGases at room temperatureRemember: there are always
exceptions
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Noble GasesConsidered non-metalsGroup 18 of the periodic table.Unreactive elements
Give an example of a noble gas: Neon (Ne)
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HalogensMost reactive nonmetalsReacts with metals to form saltsGroup 17Ex: Chlorine (Cl)
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MetalloidsAn element that has
characteristics of metals and nonmetals
Solid at room temperatureLess malleable, but not as brittleSemi-conductive for electricity
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The End
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