Download - ITFT Process of management
PROCESS OF
MANAGEMENT
Management
• Management refers to the tasks and activities involved in directing an organization or one of its units: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.
• The process of reaching organizational goals by working with and through people and other organizational resources.
PROCESS OF MANAGEMENT
Planning
Organizing
StaffingDirecting
Controlling
Planning involves
tasks that must be
performed to attain
organizational goals,
outlining how the
tasks must be
performed, and
indicating when they
should be performed.
Planning
Determining organizational goals and
means to reach them
Managers plan for three reasons
1. Establish an overall direction for the
organization’s future
2. Identify and commit resources to achieving
goals
3. Decide which tasks must be done to reach those
goals
Organizing means assigning the planned
tasks to various individuals or groups within
the organization and cresting a mechanism
to put plans into action.
Organizing
Process of deciding where decisions will be
made, who will perform what jobs and
tasks, and who will report to whom in the
company
Includes creating departments and job
descriptions
Marketing Manager Finance Manager HR Manager
CEO
Staffing is the process of acquiring,deploying, and retaining a workforce ofsufficient quantity and quality to createpositive impacts on the organization’seffectiveness.
STAFFING
Definition of staffing :
According to Theo Haimann, “Staffing pertains to recruitment, selection, development and compensation of subordinates.”
According to Harold Koontz, staffing is defined as follows:
“Staffing means filling and keeping filled, positions in the organization structure.”
Directing means guiding the activities of the
organization members in appropriate
directions. Objective is to improve
productivity.
Directing
Getting others to perform
the necessary tasks by
motivating them to achieve
the organization’s goals
Crucial element in all
functions
Directing helps to LEAD,
MOTIVATE, IMPROVE
COORDINATION
1. Gather information that measures recent
performance
2. Compare present performance to pre-established
standards
3. Determine modifications to meet pre-established
standards
Controlling
Process by which a
person, group, or
organization
consciously monitors
performance and
takes corrective action
Significance of Management • Encourage Initiative
• Encourages Innovation
•Facilitates Growth and Expansion
• Improves standard of Living
•Improves Corporate Image
• Motivates Employee
•Optimum Use of Resources
• Reduce Wastage
•Increases Efficiency
• Improves Relations
•Reduce Absenteeism and Labor Turnover
• Encourage Team Work
Management: Art or science?
• Every discipline of arts is always backed by science which is basic Knowledge of that arts
• Every discipline of science is complete only when it is used in practice for solving various kinds of problem
• Both are interlinked with each other
Management as a Profession • Profession is a body of specialized
knowledge.
• It can be learned through formal education system.
• emphasizes on having a central body to formulate a code of behavior
Managerial Skills
• Conceptual Skill
• Decision Making Skill
• Technical Skill
• Human Skill
Role of Manager
• Interpersonal Role
Figurehead
Leader
Liaison
• Informational Role
Monitor
Disseminator
Spokesperson
• Decisional Role
Entrepreneur
Disturbance Handler
Resource Allocator
Negotiator
MAJOR CLASSIFICATION OF MANAGEMENT APPROACHES
CLASSICAL
APPROACH
SCIENTIFIC
MANAGEMEN
T
BUREAUCRA
TIC
MANAGEMEN
T
ADMINISTRA
TIVE
MANAGEMEN
T
BEHAVIORAL
APPROACH
HAWTHORNE
STUDIES
MASLOW’S
NEED
HIERARCHY
THEORY X
AND THEORY
Y
QUANTITATI
VE
APPROACH
MANAGEMEN
T SCIENCE
OPERATIONS
MANAGEMEN
T
MANAGEMEN
T
INFORMATIO
N SYSTEM
MODERN
APPROACH
THE
SYSTEMS
THEORY
CONTINGENC
Y THEORY
EMERGING
APPROACHE
S