Download - Key Concepts Unit A Chemistry 30
Structural Isomers
A structural isomer is a chemical formula that has more than one shape.
"structural isomers." http://wwwchem.csustan.edu/chem3070/images/pentane.gif. Web. 1 Mar 2010.
Saturated/Unsaturated Hydrocarbons
• Saturated hydrocarbons have single bonds and cannot bond with compounds anymore.
• Unsaturated hydrocarbons have double or triple bonds and can bond with compounds.
Halogenated Hydrocarbons
• Are produced When a Hydrocarbon has one or more hydrogen group replaced with a Halogen(group 17)
• Can help create a saturated hydrocarbon by breaking double or triple bonds.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1qGPWdm2MlI (watch to 1:50)
Carboxylic Acids
• The Basic Structure is R-COOH (R can be replaced by a hydrogen)
• They are used in an esterfication reaction with an alcohol
• When naming you change the ending to “oic” acid (methane would be methanoic acid)
• They have hydrogen bonds increasing their boiling points.
STRUCTURAL FORMULASThe structural formula of a
chemical compound is a graphical representation showing how the
atoms are arranged.
http://www.1-formula.com/upl/Image/800px-Acetone-structural.png
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_formula
This is a structural formula where atoms are arranged forming a compound
Structural formulas rock my world!!!
Esterification
Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two
reactants (typically an alcohol and a carboxylic acid) form an ester as the
reaction product.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esterification
This is an Esterification reaction
I love Esterification
reactions because they
smell good
Addition ReactionAn addition reaction is the reaction
between two or more unsaturated hydrocarbons to produce one large molecule.
Substitution Reaction
When a carbon-hydrogen bond breaking occurs in an alkane or aromatic organic reaction
An example is the reaction in which the chlorine atom in chloromethane is displaced by the hydroxide ion to form methanol
CH3Cl + -OH CH3OH + Cl-
Addition and substitution reaction Video
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nVDUB4mWJ8M
Combustion Reactions•Combustion reactions are the breakdown of hydrocarbon and oxygen to produce water and carbon dioxide.
"combustion reactions.". http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Et_baal.jpg. Web. 1 Mar 2010
•A Complete
Combustion reaction is
when the reactant will
burn in oxygen
producing a limited
number of products. •An incomplete
combustion
reaction is
when there
isn’t enough
oxygen to
react with.
+ H2O
C?H? + O2 CO2 + H2O
C?H? + O2 CO + H2O
Monomers
• monomer - a simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers.
Polymers• Polymers are created when two or more
monomers are linked together in a chain like pattern
Polymerization
• Polymerization - The chemical process, normally needs the aid of a catalyst, to form a polymer by bonding together monomers.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJ5hjUeZt7U&feature=related
Polymers are made from Monomers
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jpv2RUjNFjo