Download - Kings, Conquests, & Secular Life in Medieval Europe Mr. Koch World History A Forest Lake High School
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Kings, Conquests, & Secular Life in Medieval
Europe
Mr. KochWorld History A
Forest Lake High School
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• Improved agricultural technology → increased food production
• More food → increased population (doubled 1000 – 1300)
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Medieval English Kingdoms
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Medieval English Kingdoms• 1066 – Norman invasion of
England– King Edward does not have
clear heir to throne– Dispute b/w Harold and William
of Normandy– William’s army victorious
• Leads to blending of Norman & Anglo-Saxon culture
• He establishes more firm control over England than most previous kings– Domesday Book
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Medieval English Kingdoms
Bayeux TapestryMeasures about ½ meter tall and 70 meters long (believed to be missing ~8 meters)
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Just for fun…An animated version of the Bayeux Tapestry
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Medieval English Kingdoms
• Henry II (king from 1154 – 1189)– Unifies justice system with
“Common Law”– Established by determining
customs and traveling court– Puts all England under the
same law– Also see early jury system
emerge with these courts
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Medieval English Kingdoms• Magna Carta (1215)– King John signs under pressure from
angry barons– Protected the rights and privileges of
nobility, townspeople, church– Established basis of “due process”
• Legal action cannot be arbitrary– Must consult Great Council before
adding new taxes– Guaranteed rights to nobles
(eventually all citizens)• Monarch must obey the law
– Great Council eventually evolved into Parliament• House of Lords and House of Commons• “power of the purse”
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Medieval French Kingdoms
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Medieval French Kingdoms
• Capetians (beginning 987 – Hugh Capet)– Established hereditary rule– Built bureaucracy – established order
• Philip II (ruled 1180 – 1223)– Vastly expanded lands
• Normandy and Anjou (Eng. controlled) in north and lands in south
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Medieval French Kingdoms
• Louis IX (ruled 1226 – 1270)– Very popular and very religious
Christian (made saint)– Religious persecution
– Centralized authority and created sense of nationalism
• Philip IV (ruled 1285 -1314)– Fought w/ Pope Bonafice VIII
– Right to tax clergy without papal consent• Eventually sent troops after the Pope• 1305 – French Pope (Clement V) elected
and decides to move court to Avignon (1309)
– Set up Estates General (clergy, nobles, townspeople)• Never as powerful as Parliament
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Hundred Years War(1337 – 1453)
• Series of conflicts between England & France• 1429 – Joan of Arc (17 y.o.) tells French King
Charles VII that God told her to lead army– She had a number of military successes– Burned at the stake for witchcraft by English– Rallied French troops who view her as martyr
• French eventually regained most all French lands
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Learning, Literature, & the Arts
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Learning, Literature, & the Arts
• Education– Universities popping up– Greek philosophy re-emerges
• Was preserved by Muslim scholars– Scholasticism – use reason to
support Christianity• Literature
• Use of vernacular– Song of Roland, Poem of the Cid,
Divine Comedy, Canterbury Tales• Cathedrals– Romanesque → Gothic
• Taller, flying buttresses, large stained-glass
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The Black Death
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The Black Death(Bubonic Plague)
• Spreading through Europe by mid-1300s– Rats, fleas, unsanitary
conditions
• 1 in 3 eventually died (35 million in China)– People panicked –
couldn’t explain• Some used Jews as
scapegoat – thousands killed