KNOW YOUR
PHYSICSFORMULAS
FORCE NET = (MASS)
(ACCELERATION) SUM OF FORCES UP
+ SUM OF FORCES DOWNWARD
SUM OF FORCES TO THE RIGHT + SUM OF FORCES TO THE LEFT
ACCELERATION
LinearAcceleration
(vf – vi)______ time
CentripetalAcceleration
V2/R
Average Velocity
Total Distance Divided by Total Time
(Vf + Vi)/2
Velocity of an object moving in a circle.
(2*pi*Radius)/TT is the periodPeriod is the time for one
complete revolution
Force due to Gravity (mass)(acceleration due to
gravity) (Gm1m2)/d2
G is universal law of gravitation constant
G= 6.67 X 10 -11
Distance traveled (constant velocity)
Velocity times Time
Distance traveled (if accelerating)
½ at2 + vitAverage Velocity times time
A Handy Formula to Know
Vf2=Vi
2 + 2ad
WorkForce times DistanceForce and distance must be parallel
Energy
Power The rate at which work is accomplished Work divided by time (Force times Distance) /Time Force times velocity
TORQUE FORCE TIMES DISTANCE FORCE AND DISTANCE MUST BE
PERPENDICULAR If the net torque about any axis is equal
then the system is in equilibrium If the net torque about any axis is unequal
then the system will rotate
Normal Force Equals the weight of the object if the object
is on a flat surface
Nor mal
Weight
Normal Force for an object on an incline. NORMAL FORCE EQUALS THE FORCE
PERPENDICULAR FORCE PERPENDICULAR EQUALS THE
WEIGHT TIMES THE COSINE OF THE INCLINE ANGLE
NORMAL
WEIGHT
FORCEPERPENDICULAR
NORMAL FORCE FOR AN ANGLE TO WHICH A FORCE AT AN ANGLE IS APPLIED.
Normal force equals the WEIGHT MINUS THE (Applied Force)(Sin of the Angle )
Applied ForceForce times sin Of thetaTheta
Normal
WEIGHT
Force due to FRICTIONFf = (mu) NORMAL mu is the Coefficient of Friction Coefficients of friction are commonly
less than oneStatic Coefficients are less than
Kinetic Coefficients of Friction
Kinetic Energy Energy of Motion ½ (Mass) (Velocity)2
Kinetic Energy is directly proportional to mass
Kinetic Energy is directly proportional to the velocity SQUARED
Gravitational Potential Energy GPE Equals work done on object in moving it to
that height above some arbitrary point of reference
Equals (Mass)(Acceleration of gravity)(Height to which it is lifted)
Carry Energy Can do Work Can exert a force and move an object a
distance
Velocity=Frequency*Wavelength
WAVES
Electromagnetic Waves R R M I V U X G Radio waves longest wavelength and
lowest frequency in spectrum Gamma waves shortest wavelength and
highest frequency in spectrum ROYGBIV – Visible Spectrum 3 x 10 8 meters per second in a vacuum
or pretty close to that in air
Electromagnetic Waves Velocity in a specific medium = the speed
of light in a vacuum divided by the index of refraction in that medium
Sound Waves Not electromagnetic waves Mechanical Waves Need a medium to transmit Will not travel through a vacuum Travel at approximately 330 meters per
second Use D=VT
STANDING WAVES
THREE NODES&TWO ANTINODES
Snell’s Law
n1Sin Angle 1= n2Sin Angle 2
Convex Lens-converging lens 1/f = 1/si + 1/so (f is the focal length) Si is the distance from the lens to the image So is the distance from the lens to the
object The image formed is real if the object is
outside the focal point of the lens
Charge Fundamental or
elementary unit of charge
Charge on one electron 1.6 x 10-19 Coulombs
Charge on one proton + 1.6 x 1-19 Coulombs
Coulomb’s Law
F=(kq1q2)/d2
k= 9 x 109
According to Coulomb’s Law… If you double the charge on either of the
charges then the force would?
Double If you double the charge on both of the
charges then the force would?
Quadruple
According to Coulomb’s Law… If you double the distance between any
two charges then the force will?
Be ¼ of what it was
If you halve the distance between any two charges then the force will?
Quadruple
Electric Field Strength Measured in Newtons per Coulomb
E= F/qField points away from + charges and towards - charges
Gas Laws Ideal Gas Law PV=nRT Constant temperature
then P1V1=P2V2
Constant Pressure then V1/T1=V2/T2
IDEAL GAS LAW This is an important
diagram The curved line is
called an isotherm That means that the
temperature is constant along the curve!!!