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L-curve-based regularization parameter selection
101.4 101.5 101.6 101.7 101.8 101.9
101
102
103
104
misfit
regu
lari
zati
on
10−3
10−2
10−1
5 × 10−1
100
5 × 100101
O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 36 / 67
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Antarctic ice sheet inversion for basal sliding field:InSAR data
Left: InSAR-based Antarctica ice surface velocity observationsRight: Inferred basal sliding field
O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 37 / 67
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Antarctic ice sheet inversion for basal sliding field:InSAR data
InSAR-based Antarctica ice surface velocity observations
O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 38 / 67
![Page 4: L-curve-based regularization parameter selectionomar/inverse_problems/spectrum_hessian.pdf · Antarctic ice sheet inversion for basal sliding eld: InSAR data Reconstructed ice surface](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071211/60225986f32b1a158d21e0f2/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Antarctic ice sheet inversion for basal sliding field:InSAR data
Reconstructed ice surface velocity field
O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 38 / 67
![Page 5: L-curve-based regularization parameter selectionomar/inverse_problems/spectrum_hessian.pdf · Antarctic ice sheet inversion for basal sliding eld: InSAR data Reconstructed ice surface](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071211/60225986f32b1a158d21e0f2/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Analysis of data misfit Hessian for a (nonlinear) ellipticcoefficient inverse problem (P. Flath, 2013)
Invert for log-coefficient field γ(x) in Poisson equation from observations of stateu(x) within domain:
minγ∈M
1
2
∫ L
0
(b u(γ)− dobs)2 dx
where the map from γ to u is defined by solution of:
− d
dx
(eγdu
dx
)= 0 for x ∈ (0, L)
u(0) = u0
u(L) = uL
Two cases of observation operator:
full observations: b(x) = 1pointwise observations: b(x) = L
n
∑nj=1 δ(x− xj)
O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 52 / 67
![Page 6: L-curve-based regularization parameter selectionomar/inverse_problems/spectrum_hessian.pdf · Antarctic ice sheet inversion for basal sliding eld: InSAR data Reconstructed ice surface](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071211/60225986f32b1a158d21e0f2/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Analysis of Hessian for elliptic coefficient inverse problem
assume no noise, γ = γ0 is true log-medium
Fourier analysis of spectrum of data misfit Hessian, evaluated at γ0, giveseigenvalues for both cases:
full observations: λi = (uL−u0)2
π2i2
n pointwise observations: λi = (uL−u0)2
4n2 sin(iπ/2n)2
Spectrum of data misfit Hessian for both full and pointwise observationsLeft: 6 observations Right: 500 observations
O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 53 / 67
![Page 7: L-curve-based regularization parameter selectionomar/inverse_problems/spectrum_hessian.pdf · Antarctic ice sheet inversion for basal sliding eld: InSAR data Reconstructed ice surface](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071211/60225986f32b1a158d21e0f2/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Analysis of Hessian for elliptic coefficient inverse problem
Eigenfunctions of data misfit Hessian are cos(iπx/L) in full observationscase, and piecewise-constant interpolants of the cosines in pointwise case
Eigenfunctions 1, 2, 5, and 6 for full and pointwise (n = 6) observations
O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 54 / 67
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Spectrum of the prior-preconditioned data misfit Hessian
0 1000 2000 3000 400010
−2
100
102
104
106
108
number
eig
en
va
lue
409,545 parameters
1,190,403 parameters
Spectrum of Γ1/2pr F TΓ−1
noiseF Γ1/2pr for Antarctica inverse problem with 410K
and 1.19M basal sliding parameters (observed to decay like i−3)
4000 dominant modes, independent of parameter and data dimension
intrinsic problem dimension depends on information content of data
O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 59 / 67
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Eigenvector 1 of prior-preconditioned data misfit Hessian
eigenvector 1O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 60 / 67
![Page 10: L-curve-based regularization parameter selectionomar/inverse_problems/spectrum_hessian.pdf · Antarctic ice sheet inversion for basal sliding eld: InSAR data Reconstructed ice surface](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071211/60225986f32b1a158d21e0f2/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Eigenvector 2 of prior-preconditioned data misfit Hessian
eigenvector 2O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 60 / 67
![Page 11: L-curve-based regularization parameter selectionomar/inverse_problems/spectrum_hessian.pdf · Antarctic ice sheet inversion for basal sliding eld: InSAR data Reconstructed ice surface](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071211/60225986f32b1a158d21e0f2/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Eigenvector 3 of prior-preconditioned data misfit Hessian
eigenvector 3O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 60 / 67
![Page 12: L-curve-based regularization parameter selectionomar/inverse_problems/spectrum_hessian.pdf · Antarctic ice sheet inversion for basal sliding eld: InSAR data Reconstructed ice surface](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071211/60225986f32b1a158d21e0f2/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Eigenvector 4 of prior-preconditioned data misfit Hessian
eigenvector 4O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 60 / 67
![Page 13: L-curve-based regularization parameter selectionomar/inverse_problems/spectrum_hessian.pdf · Antarctic ice sheet inversion for basal sliding eld: InSAR data Reconstructed ice surface](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071211/60225986f32b1a158d21e0f2/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Eigenvector 5 of prior-preconditioned data misfit Hessian
eigenvector 5O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 60 / 67
![Page 14: L-curve-based regularization parameter selectionomar/inverse_problems/spectrum_hessian.pdf · Antarctic ice sheet inversion for basal sliding eld: InSAR data Reconstructed ice surface](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071211/60225986f32b1a158d21e0f2/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Eigenvector 6 of prior-preconditioned data misfit Hessian
eigenvector 6O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 60 / 67
![Page 15: L-curve-based regularization parameter selectionomar/inverse_problems/spectrum_hessian.pdf · Antarctic ice sheet inversion for basal sliding eld: InSAR data Reconstructed ice surface](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071211/60225986f32b1a158d21e0f2/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Eigenvector 7 of prior-preconditioned data misfit Hessian
eigenvector 7O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 60 / 67
![Page 16: L-curve-based regularization parameter selectionomar/inverse_problems/spectrum_hessian.pdf · Antarctic ice sheet inversion for basal sliding eld: InSAR data Reconstructed ice surface](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071211/60225986f32b1a158d21e0f2/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Eigenvector 8 of prior-preconditioned data misfit Hessian
eigenvector 8O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 60 / 67
![Page 17: L-curve-based regularization parameter selectionomar/inverse_problems/spectrum_hessian.pdf · Antarctic ice sheet inversion for basal sliding eld: InSAR data Reconstructed ice surface](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071211/60225986f32b1a158d21e0f2/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Eigenvector 9 of prior-preconditioned data misfit Hessian
eigenvector 9O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 60 / 67
![Page 18: L-curve-based regularization parameter selectionomar/inverse_problems/spectrum_hessian.pdf · Antarctic ice sheet inversion for basal sliding eld: InSAR data Reconstructed ice surface](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071211/60225986f32b1a158d21e0f2/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Eigenvector 10 of prior-preconditioned data misfit Hessian
eigenvector 10O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 60 / 67
![Page 19: L-curve-based regularization parameter selectionomar/inverse_problems/spectrum_hessian.pdf · Antarctic ice sheet inversion for basal sliding eld: InSAR data Reconstructed ice surface](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071211/60225986f32b1a158d21e0f2/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Eigenvector 100 of prior-preconditioned data misfit Hessian
eigenvector 100O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 60 / 67
![Page 20: L-curve-based regularization parameter selectionomar/inverse_problems/spectrum_hessian.pdf · Antarctic ice sheet inversion for basal sliding eld: InSAR data Reconstructed ice surface](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071211/60225986f32b1a158d21e0f2/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Eigenvector 200 of prior-preconditioned data misfit Hessian
eigenvector 200O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 60 / 67
![Page 21: L-curve-based regularization parameter selectionomar/inverse_problems/spectrum_hessian.pdf · Antarctic ice sheet inversion for basal sliding eld: InSAR data Reconstructed ice surface](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071211/60225986f32b1a158d21e0f2/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Eigenvector 500 of prior-preconditioned data misfit Hessian
eigenvector 500O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 60 / 67
![Page 22: L-curve-based regularization parameter selectionomar/inverse_problems/spectrum_hessian.pdf · Antarctic ice sheet inversion for basal sliding eld: InSAR data Reconstructed ice surface](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071211/60225986f32b1a158d21e0f2/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
E-vector 1000 of prior-preconditioned data misfit Hessian
eigenvector 1000O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 60 / 67
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E-vector 2000 of prior-preconditioned data misfit Hessian
eigenvector 2000O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 60 / 67
![Page 24: L-curve-based regularization parameter selectionomar/inverse_problems/spectrum_hessian.pdf · Antarctic ice sheet inversion for basal sliding eld: InSAR data Reconstructed ice surface](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071211/60225986f32b1a158d21e0f2/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
E-vector 4000 of prior-preconditioned data misfit Hessian
eigenvector 4000O. Ghattas (UT-Austin) Bayesian inversion for Antarctic sheet ICES Babuska Forum 60 / 67