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Learning Targets Urban Geography
• • PRE- Test Part 1
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1. Urbanization
• A The process of people living and working in cities
• B The process of people living and working in rural areas
• C The process of people living and working in foreign lands
• D I have heard of it but do not know the meaning
• E I have never heard of the term
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2. Nucleated form of Settlement
• A. Cities have a center area of development• B Cites do NOT have a center area of
development• C Cities have developed near nuclear power
plants• D I have heard of it but do not know the
meaning• E I have never heard of it
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Nucleated form of Settlement
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3. Core Area
• A The center area of a city• B The perimeter are of a city• C The area of a city where food is grown• D I have heard of it but do not know the
meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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4. Dispersed form of Settlement
• A Areas where houses are far a part, usually in rural areas
• B Areas where houses are close together• C Areas where most houses are high rise
condos• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning
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5. Threshold
• A. The minimum number of people need to meet the needs of an industry, such as the minimum number of people to support and NFL or NBA team
• B The maximum number of people need to meet the needs of an industry, such as the minimum number of people to support and NFL or NBA team
• C The entrance to a city or developed area• D I have heard of it but do not know the meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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6. Medieval Cities
• A. Middle age cities in Europe• B Middle age cities in Asia• C Middle age cities in Africa• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning • E I have never heard of the term
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Medieval Cities
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7. Indigenous Cities
• A Cities constructed before colonization• B Cities constructed before colonization • C Cities constructed during colonization• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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Indigenous Cities
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8. Hydraulic Cities
• A Cities that construct a water system to provide running water and sewer services
• B Cities that use hydroelectric power• C Cites that use hydrogen to run power plants• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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9. Commercialization
• A The selling of goods and services for a profit• B The selling of goods and services at a loss• C The donating of goods and services • D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have never heard the term
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10. Basic Industry
• A A city forming industry such as cars for Detroit and computers for San Jose, Ca.
• B Industry that provides just the necessary services for a city
• C Industry that is city-serving• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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11. Non-Basic Industry
• A City-serving industry that may include anything from construction to industrial equipment
• B An industry that is city forming• C An industry that is done off shore• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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12. Employment structure
• A. The type of jobs found in a city such as tertiary or quaternary activities
• B The employment and unemployment rate in a city
• C The rate of job growth in a city• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have not heard the term
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14. Post-Industrial City
• A A City shifts to specializing in information-based work
• B A City shifts to industrial posting activities • C A city shifts to posting of industrial jobs• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have never heard of the term.
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14. Deindustrialization
• A The shift of a city to more specialized economic activities.
• B The shift of a city to more industrial activity • C The shift of a city to intensive industrial
activity• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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15. Underemployment
• A City where many workers are working in jobs less than full time and or in jobs lower than they are qualified to perform
• B The employment of workers in underground activities
• C The unemployment rate of a city• D I have heard of the term but do not know the
meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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16. Unincorporated Areas
• A Usually rural areas of a county not part of a city
• B An area of the city with many corporations• C An area of the city with few corporations• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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17. Hamlets
• A Urban area with only a few dozen people clustered around a small urban center
• B Urban area with many peope and shopping centers
• C Urban area specializing in the sale and production of ham
• D I have heard of the term but do not know the meaning
• E I have never heard of the term
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18. Village
• A Urban area with more than a general store having several stores specializing in the sale of food, clothing, furniture, etc
• B Urban area that may include thousands of people
• C Urban area of large land aarea• D I have heard of the term but do not know the
meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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19. Towns
• A May consist of 50 to a few thousand people • B Large areas of open space around farms • C Unincorporated areas of a county• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have not heard of the meaning
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20. Cities
• A Large densely populated area with tens of thousands of people
• B Large sparsely populated areas around farms• C Unincorporated areas of a county• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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21. Metropolises
• A Large population and large area that includes cities and suburbs
• B Small population in a sparse area • C Medium population in a small area• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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22. Megaloplis
• A The biggest urban area when several metropolitan areas are linked together
• B The smallest urban area when several towns are de-linked
• C The middle sized urban area with no linkage• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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23. Hinterland
• A The area around farms• B The area around resort areas• C The area around military bases• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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24. World Cities and Great Cities
• A Cities that dominate other cities in a region based on economics, population and influence over an extended area
• B Cites that are international cities and not part of a country
• C Cities that have large international airports• D I have heard of the term but do not know the
meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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25. Urban Hierarchy
• A The ranking of cities based on their importance to world commerce and amenities
• B The order that cities hire people for international jobs
• C The umber of cites with archery facilities• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have not heard of the term
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26. First Order Cities
• A Cities that are at at the top of the urban hierarchy
• B Cities that are in the second of the urban hierarchy
• C Cities that are third of the urban hierarchy• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning • E I have not heard of the meaning
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27. Beta World Cities
• A Second order cites such as San Francisco, US; Sydney Aus; etc.
• B Third order cities such as Dallas, Houston, Boston, USA;
• C Fourth order cities such as New York, USA; Paris France, etc
• D I have heard of this term but do not know the meaning
• E I have never heard of this term
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28. Gamma World Cities
A Third order cities such as Dallas, Houston, Boston, USA;
B Second order cites such as San Francisco, US; Sydney Aus; etc.
• C Fourth order cities such as New York, USA; Paris France, etc
• D I have heard of this term but do not know the meaning
• E I have never heard of this term
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29. Emerging Cities
• A Cities experiencing population growth as well as economic and political clout throughout a region
• B Cities experiencing population decline as well as declines in economic and political clout throughout a region
• C Cities that are experiencing population explosions• D I have heard of the term but do not know the
meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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30. Gateway Cities
• A Cites that connect two areas and serve as a portal between them
• B Cities that separate two areas and serve as a barrier between them
• C Cities that control large areas of territory• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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31. Festival Landscape
• A Space within an urban environment that can accommodate a large number of people
• B Space within an urban environment that can only accommodate a small number of people
• C Space within a rural area that can only accommodate a small number of people
• D I have heard of the term but do not know the meaning
• E I have never heard of the term
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33. Central Business District CBD
• A The commercial center of an urban area• B The religious center of an urban area• C The educational center of an urban area• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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Central Business District CBD
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33. Bid-Rent-Theory
• A Theory that land value decreases as you move further out from the central business district
• B Theory that land values increase as you move out from the central business district
• C Theory that land values do not change in value as you move from the central business district
• D I have heard of the term but do not know the meaning
• E I have not heard of the term
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34. Grid Street System
• A Streets run North and South and East and West
• B Streets are grouped by belts around the CBD• C Streets are banded based on GPS
coordinates• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have not heard of the term
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35. Suburbs
• A Located on the outskirts of a central city• B Located in the center of the city• C Located in the rural areas away from cities• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have not heard of the term
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36. Four Stages of U.S. Cities
• A Stages are related to types of transportation• B Stages are related to types of industry• C Stages are related to types of immigrants• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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37. Zoning Laws
• A Laws that determine how land and buildings can be used
• B Laws that determine the speed limits for parts of a city
• C Laws that determine the voting districts of a city
• D I have heard of the term but do not know the term
• E I have never heard of the term
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38. Residential Zoning
• A zones where houses may be built• B Zones where business may be built• C Zones where manufacturing plants may be
built• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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39. Commercial Zoning
• A Zones where business may be built• B Zones where houses may be built• C Zones where manufacturing plants may be
built• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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40. Industrial Zoning
• A Zones where manufacturing plants may be built
• B Zones where houses may be built• C Zones where business may be built• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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41. Dendritic Pattern
• A City streets laid out like a root system of a tree
• B City streets laid out like petals of a flower • C City streets laid out like blades of grass• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have not heard of the term
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42. Greenbelts
• A Area set aside in a natural state to prevent development
• B Areas that surround a city like belts where green energy is produced
• C Areas that surround a city that manufacture green belts
• D I have heard of the term but do not know the meaning
• E I have never heard of the term
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43. In-Filling
• A Process where cites that are close together grow together
• B Process where cities merge landfill operations to save money
• C Process where cities create new land by backfilling
• D I have heard of the term but do not know the meaning
• E I have not heard of the term
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44. Urban Growth Rates
• A The rate at which cities increase their population
• B The rate at which cities increase their land area
• C The rate at which cities increase their zoning • D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have not heard of the term
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45. Latin American City Model
• A Structure includes a spine of high income residential areas that extend outward from the CBD with squatter settlements on the edges
• B Structure where the city fans out from a port zone
• C Much of the city layout is based on the Koran• D I have heard of the term but do not know the
meaning• E I do not know the terms meaning
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Latin American City Model
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Latin American City ModelQuito, Ecuador
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46. Squatter Settlements
• A Areas of a city that have extreme poverty and squalor, usually located on the edge of a city
• B Areas of a city with high income usually located in the CBD
• C Areas of a city with a high number of equestrians• D I have heard of the term but do not know the
meaning• E I have not heard of the term and do not know
the meaning
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47. Favelas
• A The term for squatter settlements in Brazil• B The term for squatter settlements in China• C The term for squatter settlements in Canada• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have not heard of the term and do not
know the meaning
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48. Barriadias
• A The term for squatter settlements in Latin America
• B The term for squatter settlements in Australia • C The term for squatter settlements in Asia• D I have heard of the term but do not know the
meaning• E I have not heard of the term and do not know
the meaning
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49. South East Asia City Model
• A The structure of the city starts with the port zone and fans out from there.
• B The structure of the city starts out with religious zone and the city circles it
• C The structure of the city starts with a bazaar and • D I have heard of the term but do not know the
meaning• E I have not heard of the term and do not know
the meaning
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South East Asia City Model
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South East Asia City ModelHong Kong, China
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50. Entropots
• A Cites that re-export goods produced elsewhere to all parts of the globe, Ex. Singapore
• B Cities that import good from all over the globe• C Cities that export goods from all over the
globe• D I have heard of the term but do not know the
meaning• E I have not heard of the term and do not know
the meaning
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51. Office Parks
• A Agglomeration of commercial buildings that share the infrastructure of: phones, internet and transportations service.
• B Parks set aside for office workers to enjoy nature• C The common parking lots for workers in high rise
building• D I have heard of the term but do not know the
meaning• E I have not heard of the term and do not know the
menaing
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52. Situation Advantages
• A Access to infrastructure that allows companies to prosper
• B Good location for schools and public buildings• C Used primarily by cities with large port
facilities• D I have heard of the term but do not know the
meaning• E I have not heard of the term
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53. Megacities
• A Cities with over 10 million people• B Cities with over 20 million people• C Cities with over 30 million people• D I do not know
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54. High Tech Corridors
• A The agglomeration of technology companies locating office in the same area such as Silicon Valley
• B Areas where high speed internet cables are granted easements
• C Decentralizing of technology companies to avoid disruption of services
• D I have heard of the term but do not know the meaning
• E I have never heard of the term
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55. Islamic Cities
• A Cities primarily found in the Middle East where Islam is the major religion
• B Cites where Islam is the primary religion• C Cities where Islam is the official religion• D I have hard of the term but I do not know
the meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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Islamic CitiesCairo, Egypt
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56. Jani
• A The primary mosque in a city• B The layout of an Islamic city• C The slum area of an Islamic city• D I have heard of the term but do not know
the meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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57. Bazaar
• A An area of an Islamic city that takes up several city block selling anything from produce to carpets and clothing.
• B The area where most mosques in a city are located
• C An area of a city that does not have any mosques• D I have heard of the term but do not know the
meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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58. Colonial CBD
• A The headquarters of a colonial government is found here mainly in West Africa
• B The central business district of a city using colonial architecture
• C The central business district of a colonizing country that deals with its colonies
• D I have heard of the term but do nont know the meaning
• E I have never heard of the term
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59. Market or Bazaar CBD
• A The primary layout of the African central business district
• B The primary layout of the Asian central business district
• C The primary layout of the European central business district
• D I have hard of the term but do not know the meaning
• E I have never heard of the term
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60. Concentric Zone Model
• A US city model that assumes lower economic status people live closer to the center of a city and higher economic status people live in the outer zones because they can afford to commute to work.
• B US city model that assumes higher economic status people live closer to the center of a city and lower economic status people live in the outer zones because land is cheaper
• C A US city model that puts the value of land at its core• D I have hard of the term but do not know the meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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61. Peak Land Value Intersection
• A. The area with the greatest land value and commercial value.
• B The highest elevation area of a city and the highest land value
• C The cross section of a city based on land value• D I have hard of the term but do not know the
meaning• E I have never heard of the term
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Concentric Circle Model
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Concentric Zone Model City
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Silicon Valley
• A Location of lots of plastic surgeons• B San Jose Ca• C Upstate New York• D Stuttgart Germany• E None
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Tenements
• A Slums• B Apartments• C Condos• D All• E none
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Urban Sprawl
• A Growth of of a city with out plan, like a blob around the city. Puts stains on city service like police and fire
• B The green areas around a city that development is prohibited
• C The movement of people to the suburbs• D All• E None
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Edge Cities
• A Cities that keep up with the current trends• B Cites that have most every thing that a city
has and are located in the suburbs• C Cites the are set up on an Edge Line Layout• D All• E none
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68. Sector Model of a city
• Developed by Hoyt in 1939: cities laid out based on income class and transportation rather than distance from CBD
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Multiple Nuclei Model of City
• Established by Harris & Ulman in 1945: Urban growth independent of the CBD rather on where opportunities for growth occur: E.G. airports occur on out skirts of city because of space, noise and pollution consideration; Certain industries locate around a port; more fast food, bookstores, coffee shops around colleges
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Urban Sprawl
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Central Place Theory of Cities
• Christaller established 1933 on Southern Germany ; equal topography and transportation people will travel least distance for service needs (range). Cities laid out like a honey comb.
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Primate City
• Twice the size of next largest city in a country. Center of economics, culture and politics. E.G. Paris, London, Bangkok, Thailand; Buenos Aires, Argentina. (Note: the USA does not have a primate city though New York would qualify on description but Not being twice the size of the next largest city in a country
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White Flight
• Movement of white middle class people away from the inner city due to fear of non-whites moving in. Occurred in the USA in 1950s and 60s
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Blockbusting
• Real estate agents scare residents in to seel houses due to fear of non-whites moving into a neighborhood. Occurred in the USA in 1950s and 60s
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Redlining
• Refusal banks to lend money in certain areas of a city (usually minority neighborhoods) literally drawing red lines around parts of a city they would not lend money
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Gentrification
• Process of wealthy people moving into inner-city neighborhoods, making improvements causing prices to rise and poorer residents forced to move out. E.G. Springfield in Jacksonville