![Page 1: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
FLOW OF COMMUNICATION
Flow Of Communication Varies With Types And Levels Of Communication BY SIR HASEEB UR REHMAN
![Page 2: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Flow Of Communication
• Information flows in an organization both formally and informally.
• The term formal refers to communication that follows the official hierarchy and is required to do one’s job.
• It flows through formal channels- the main lines of organizational communication
![Page 3: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Flow Of Communication…
• Internal operational and external operational communication can be described as formal.
• The bulk of communication that a business needs flows through these channels.
![Page 4: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Flow of Communication…For example, A manager instructs a subordinate
on some matter.
When two employees discuss a customer’s order or policy change.
This type of Communication can be downward, upward, lateral or diagonal.
![Page 5: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Managing Director
Director1 Director2 Director3
Manager1 Manager2 Manager3
Manager1 Manager 3 Manager3
Manager2Manager1 Manager3
Upward
Downward
Horizontal/Lateral
Diagonal
Flow of Communication in an Organization
![Page 6: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Downward Communication• Flows from a manager
down the chain of command.
• When managers inform, instruct, advise, or request their subordinates.
![Page 7: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Downward Communication…
• Generally used to convey routine information, new policies or procedures, to seek clarification, to ask for an analysis.
• Also, superiors send feedback about their subordinates through this channel.
• It increases awareness about the organization among subordinates and employees.
![Page 8: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Downward Communication…
• It enables managers to evaluate the performance of employees.
• It can take any form- memos, notices, face to face interactions or telephonic.
• However, this should be adequately balanced by upward flow of communication.
![Page 9: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Upward Communication• When subordinates send reports to inform
their superiors or to present their finding and recommendations, the communication flows upward.
• It keeps managers aware of how employees feel about their jobs, colleagues, organization.
• Managers rely on this for some problem solving decision making.
![Page 10: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Upward Communication…• Upward communication depends on the
culture of organization.
• In an open culture without too many hierarchical levels, managers are capable to create a climate of trust.
• In an authoritative environment , upward communication is limited to the managerial ranks.
![Page 11: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Upward Communication…
• Suggestion Boxes, employee attitude survey, grievance procedures, superior- subordinate decisions, review report provide info to the top management.
![Page 12: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Lateral or Horizontal Communication
• This form of communication takes place among peer groups.
• Necessary to facilitate coordination, save time, and bridge the communication gap between different departments.
![Page 13: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Lateral or Horizontal Communication…
• From the organization's point of view it can be advantageous or disadvantageous.
• At times vertical communication channels are bypassed by employees for personal gains.
• The Vice President(Marketing) sending some survey results to VP(Production)
![Page 14: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Diagonal or Cross- wise communication
• Flows in all directions and cuts across functions and levels of communication.
• A sales manager communicates directly with the VP (Production)
• It is quick and efficient.
![Page 15: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Diagonal or Cross- wise communication…
• At times it prevents employees being used just as a medium between sender and receiver.
• Increased used of e-mail also encourages cross- wise communication.
• It is also referred to as radical, circular communication.
![Page 16: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Communication Networks
A variety of patterns emerge when communication combines through vertical and horizontal channels.
![Page 17: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Formal Network Models
There are five common formal communication networks :
1. Chain network2. Y Network3. Wheel Network4. Circle Network5. All- Channel Network
![Page 18: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
1. Chain Network
• A vertical hierarchy.
• Only upward or downward.
• Direct line of authority
![Page 19: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Chain Network
![Page 20: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
2. Y- Network
• Multi- level hierarchy.
• If we turn Y upside down, we see two subordinates reporting to one senior.
![Page 21: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Y- Network
![Page 22: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
3. Wheel Network
• Several subordinates reporting to senior.
• Combination of horizontal and diagonal flow of communication.
• No interaction between subordinates and all of them of same rank.
![Page 23: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Wheel Network
![Page 24: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
4. Circle Network
• Between adjacent employees but no further.
![Page 25: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Circle Network
![Page 26: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
5. All Channel Network
• Least structured.
• All can communicate.
![Page 27: Lecture 4 Flow of Communication Channels of Communication](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051018/55cf8fa0550346703b9e1f55/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
All Channel Network