5th Accelerator Reliability Workshop Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Knoxville
LIPAc Grounding Network Requirements and functional description
Juan Marcos Ayala
IFMIF/EVEDA Project Team
LIPAc Grounding Network ARW 2015 J.M. Ayala 2
Outline
Introduction to LIPAc Description of LIPAc Features of LIPAc
Introduction to IFMIF/EVEDA Introduction to the Broader Approach Agreement LIPAc electrical background
Electrical Distribution: Outline diagram LIPAc grounding network: Outline diagram
LIPAc present status of installation activities
LIPAc Grounding Network ARW 2015 J.M. Ayala 3
Introduction to LIPAc
LIPAc (Linear IFMIF Prototype Accelerator) is a 125 mA CW and 9 MeV deuteron beam Linac presently under installation in Japan
for a total beam average power of 1.125 MW
It will validate the concept the accelerator of IFMIF (International Fusion Material Irradiation Facility)
a 40 MeV deuteron beam Linac accelerator for fusion materials testing
LIPAc subsystems are delivered by in-kind contribution from European Laboratories under the Broader Approach (BA) agreement between Japan and Europe (EU)
LIPAc Grounding Network ARW 2015 J.M. Ayala 4
Description of LIPAc
Injector + LEBT CEA Saclay
RFQ INFN Legnaro
JAEA Tokai MEBT CIEMAT Madrid
SRF Linac CEA Saclay
CIEMAT Madrid HEBT
CIEMAT Madrid BD CIEMAT Madrid
Diagnostics CEA Saclay
CIEMAT Madrid RF Power
CIEMAT Madrid CEA Saclay
SCK Mol
Rokkasho
Oarai
KNASTER, J. et al., Installation and Commissioning of the 1.1 MW deuteron prototype Linac of IFMIF, IPAC 2013 Shanghai
Equipment designed and constructed in Europe
Installed and commissioned in Rokkasho
J. Knaster Forum Nucléaire Suisse 9 February 2015
In 1999 LEDA (Los Alamos) reached 100 mA
continuous wave at 6.7 MeV protons at the exit of the RFQ
Many of the lessons learnt have been
implemented in LIPAc
LIPAC will accelerate: • 125 mA at 5 MeV CW deuteron beam at the
exit of the RFQ • 9 MeV CW deuteron beam at the exit of the
SRF Linac
This will validate the operation at higher energies for IFMIF
Features of LIPAc
SCANTAMBURLO, F. et al., LIPAc, the 125 mA/9 MeV CW deuteron IFMIF’s prototype accelerator: what lessons
have we learnt from LEDA?, IPAC 2014
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LIPAc Grounding Network ARW 2015 J.M. Ayala 6
IFMIF/EVEDA IFMIF
International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility
EVEDA Engineering Validation & Engineering Design Activities
A fruitful Japanese- European International collaboration
with 7 countries involved with the involvement of research labs in Europe and main universities in Japan
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The Design of IFMIF is broken down in 5 Facilities Accelerator Facility
Lithium Target Facility Test Facility
Post-irradiation and Examination Facility Conventional Facilities
to maximize dpas on tested materials the availability of the full IFMIF >70% has demanded careful RAMI analysis for each Facility
Enric and Jose Manuel know well about it…
Lithium TargetThickness 25±1 mm Flow speed 15 m/s
Test Cell
Li Dump tank
EMP
Dump TankTi Trap Cold trapY Trap
Impurity control system
Cooling water from /to
Conventional Facilities
EMP
Quench tank
Pump
Secondary Heat
Exchanger
Dump Tank
Pump
Tertiary Heat
Exchanger
Heat removal system
Primary Heat
Exchanger
Secondary oil loop
Tertiary oil loop
Main Li loop
RFQ
Ion source
LEBTMEBT
HEBTSuperconductingcavities
100 keV 5 MeV 9 14.5 26 40 MeV
Access Cell
Test Modules Handling
cells
Test Facility
Ancillary systems
Test Facility
Be Hot Cell Lab.
Tritium Hot Cell Lab.
Liquid Metal Lab.
Macrography Lab.
Microscopy Lab.
Hot Cell Laboratory
Post Irradiation Examination Facility
100 keV 5 MeV 9 14.5 26 40 MeVRFQ
Ion source
Superconducting
cavities
LEBTMEBT
Accelerator Facility
PIEF
Anc
illar
y sy
stem
sM
aint
enan
ce
syst
ems
RH systems
Test Modules
Target system
Lithium Target Facility
Conventional Facility
BuildingsSite General InfrastructuresPlant Services
AF Ancillary systems
LF Maintenance systems
LF Ancillary systems
EMFM
Lithium TargetThickness 25±1 mm Flow speed 15 m/s
Test Cell
Li Dump tank
EMP
Dump TankTi Trap Cold trapY Trap
Impurity control system
Cooling water from /to
Conventional Facilities
EMP
Quench tank
Pump
Secondary Heat
Exchanger
Dump Tank
Pump
Tertiary Heat
Exchanger
Heat removal system
Primary Heat
Exchanger
Secondary oil loop
Tertiary oil loop
Main Li loop
RFQ
Ion source
LEBTMEBT
HEBTSuperconductingcavities
100 keV 5 MeV 9 14.5 26 40 MeV
RFQ
Ion source
LEBTMEBT
HEBTSuperconductingcavities
100 keV 5 MeV 9 14.5 26 40 MeV
RFQ
Ion source
LEBTMEBT
HEBTSuperconductingcavities
100 keV 5 MeV 9 14.5 26 40 MeV
Access Cell
Test Modules Handling
cells
Test Facility
Ancillary systems
Test Facility
Be Hot Cell Lab.
Tritium Hot Cell Lab.
Liquid Metal Lab.
Macrography Lab.
Microscopy Lab.
Hot Cell Laboratory
Post Irradiation Examination Facility
100 keV 5 MeV 9 14.5 26 40 MeVRFQ
Ion source
Superconducting
cavities
100 keV 5 MeV 9 14.5 26 40 MeVRFQ
Ion source
Superconducting
cavities
100 keV 5 MeV 9 14.5 26 40 MeVRFQ
Ion source
Superconducting
cavities
LEBTMEBT
Accelerator Facility
PIEF
Anc
illar
y sy
stem
sM
aint
enan
ce
syst
ems
RH systemsRH systems
Test Modules
Target system
Lithium Target Facility
Conventional Facility
BuildingsSite General InfrastructuresPlant Services
BuildingsSite General InfrastructuresPlant Services
AF Ancillary systems
LF Maintenance systems
LF Ancillary systems
EMFM
Availability of the Facility >70%
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14 MeV neutrons through stripping reactions
Neutrons would be mainly produced through their stripping from a deuteron beam
Li(d,xn) Accelerated deuterons would react with Lithium to generate neutrons in the forward direction typically with an energy 0.4 Einc
SERBER, R., The Production of High Energy Neutrons by Stripping, Phys. Rev. Vol. 72, No 1, December 1947
n deuteron
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Existing neutron sources do not provide the needed answers 56Fe(n,α)53Cr and 56Fe(n, p)56Mn presents transmutation thresholds >3 MeV
Fission reactors n average energy ~2 MeV Spallation sources present a wide spectrum with tails in the order of hundreds of MeV Generation of light isotopes in the order of ppm
No efficient p+ or α-particle generation
Watt Distribution
(fission n spectrum)
Fission and spallation sources no fusion n relevant
10 J. Knaster Forum Nucléaire Suisse 9 February 2015
Introduction to the Broader Approach Agreement
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Steady State Electrical Network: About 3.5 MVA continuous power Main consumers: • Cooling water system • Radio Frequency chains, HEBT, Cryoplant • Building services
Pulsed Power Electrical network: About 6 MVA peak pulse Main consumers: • Radio Frequency
LIPAc Electrical Distribution: outline diagram
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LIPAc Grounding Network: outline diagram
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LIPAc grounding network, scenario faced
Two independent grounding networks were installed The two grounding networks were unified possibly because of misunderstanding of the TN-S distribution system not frequent in Japan.
The impedance of the grounding network has not been assessed
The ground resistance is about 2,5 Ω
No specific EMC recommendations were observed
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EU acceptance test conditions are not necessarily the same to those of the LIPAc installation:
The electro magnetic interference (EMI) environment is different The grounding network design in each EU Laboratory is different
Electrical power quality can be different
LIPAc grounding network, scenario faced
Thus EMC performance in LIPAc can be different…
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LIPAc grounding network: Tackling uncertainties
Understand the problem EMI and EMC affects reliability. How? Common mode…. Leak currents, induced voltages, thunderbolts
Tackle uncertainties Know your grounding network Agree on standards to apply: IEC-61000-5-2 Create your own working guidelines and use them Upgrade your grounding network to cope with EMC Protect your electronics or be ready to lose them
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Upgrading the grounding network Create a grounding network mesh or interconnect the chassis creating a mesh
LIPAc grounding network: Tackling uncertainties
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Protect your electronics creating multiple paths for CM currents Intercept your signals close to the receiver
LIPAc grounding network: Tackling uncertainties
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LIPAc Present status of installation
Ion source and LEBT under commissioning on p+ on-going Ion source and power supplies cooling skids are running RF power system (RFQ, MEBT and SRF Linac) starting June 2015
HV deck, ECR source Accelerator column LBET and Diagnostics
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Conclusions
The Lipac commissioning has started at good progress The grounding network at Lipac will be updated to include EMC considerations The lack of an own EMC guideline makes it the usual excuse to explain faults, downtime and signal distorsion However, simple solutions can still be implemented to protect the electronics against the observed EMI issues
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Thanks
Thank you for your attention