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Today’s Objective: Prepare, Not Scare!
How should organizations train their personnel for this form of danger?
Preparing for a Man-Made Disaster:
Violent Intruders
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December 24, 2000.From the NLEO Memorial:
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ALICE is a scientific research-based, proactive approach to responding to a Violent Intruder situation which
authorizes and empowers those engaged in such an event
to utilize options (building infrastructure,
technology, and human action) to increase their chance of survival.
www.AliceTraining.com
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50 States
BusinessK-12
Worship University Gov’t
Hospitals
ALICE Current Footprint
310
3,700
LE Agencies
900
1,3001,7003,280
600
Millions Educated
Organizations who we have already Served
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Happens Everywhere
Business K-12 Worship University Gov’t Hospitals
✓ Accent Signage✓ LA Airport✓ Hartford Beer✓ Aurora Theater✓ Safeway (Gifford)✓ Cupertino Quarry
✓ Amish School✓ Sandy Hook✓ Chardon HS✓ Columbine HS✓ Sparks MS✓ FL School Board
✓ Sikh Temple✓ Illinois First Baptist✓ New Life Springs✓ Wedgewood Baptist✓ Charleston Emanuel
✓ Virginia Tech✓ Oikos Univ.✓ Santa Monica✓ Case Western
✓ Naval Yard✓ Fort Hood✓ Pentagon✓ Post Offices✓ Holocaust
Memorial
✓ Pitts Med Ctr.✓ Parkwest Med✓ Pinelake Health
Fallacy #1:“It won’t happen here.”
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Date: 4/20/1999
Injured: 24
Deceased: 13
Duration: 49 minutes
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Columbine High School
Fallacy #2:“It takes a long time to hurt a lot of people.”
Fact: Shot every 4-15 seconds, 50-70% will hit someoneRon Borsch, Stopwatch of Death
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Virginia Tech
Date: 4/16/2007
Injured: 17
Deceased: 32
Duration: 11 minutes
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Sandy Hook
Date: 12/14/2012
Injured: 2
Deceased: 26
Duration: 5 minutes
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Chardon HS
Date: 2/27/2012
Injured: 3
Deceased: 3
Duration: <1 min
Frank Hall
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Gabby Giffords
Date: 1/8/2011
Injured: 13
Deceased: 6
Duration: <2 min
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Century 16 Movie Theater
Date: 7/20/2012
Injured: 58
Deceased: 12
Duration: <5 min
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Charleston Emanuel AME Church
Date: 6/17/2015
Injured: 1
Deceased: 9
Duration: <6 min
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Wedgewood Baptist Church
Date: 9/15/1999
Injured: 7
Deceased: 7
Duration: <5 min
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▪ 25 years of mass shooting events have yielded a national average for the average arrivalresponse time of Law Enforcement to an Active Killer scene.
▪ How long: At least 5-6 Minutes!
▪ 2015 FBI report states that in the 160 events
from 2000-2013, 60% were over before law
enforcement arrived to the scene
Fallacy #3:“The Police will get here in time.”
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At-Risk Time: Waiting for the Police
0:01 Shot’s Fired2-3 mins Call 911
+ 1-2 mins Dispatch Time+ 5-16 mins Officer response = 9-23 mins Arrival Time
+ ?.?? Officer Makes Entry+ ?.?? Officer locates Aggressor= ?.?? Contact Time
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Can a Single Strategy Fail???
ALICE is based on the premise that:
• information,• authorization,• empowerment,• and training,
related to Survival Options,
are the key to surviving an Active Shooter event.
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Single Strategy Fail:Columbine High School, April 20, 1999
▪ Lessons Learned: There were many, but the primary one has often been missed…
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Why did they STAY?
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Why did they STAY?
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1 6 12
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Room #211 (Passive)
• Intermediate French• Passive, Down on Floor
2 6 5
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
12
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Room #207 (Passive)
• Elementary German• Initially Passive• Barricaded after 1st entry
Room #205 (Proactive)
• Scientific Computing• Door Barricaded
Room #210
• No Class Scheduled• Empty Classroom
2 2 10
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
14 3 2
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Room #206 (Passive)
• Advanced Hydrology• Passive, Down on Floor
Room #204 (Proactive)• Solid Mechanics• Prof. Librescu (Auschwitz Survivor)
• Jumped 2nd floor window
Interior Hallway 0 1
:Killed:Injured:Not Injured
‘Get Out’ & Barricade vs. Waiting
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• Proactive approach
• Provides additional options beyond traditional lockdown
• Assumes every event is not the same
• ALICE is NOT sequential
• Increases odds of survival
• Research based
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• Gunfire, screaming, loud noises (sensory input)
• PA announcement, (Can be heard external? Are there deaf-spots?)
• Text or emergency notification
• Intelligent Projector
WHO makes and WHO receives?
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ALERT = Initial Awareness
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ALERT: No Code Words
With External partners • Law Enforcement
• Public safety
Use ‘plain English’ that is standard and consistent.
Within your Organization• Emergency Plan Documents
• Training, documents, drills
National Incident Management System (NIMS)
For schools:ICS 100. SCa & 360
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ALERT needs to be of benefit to all…Provide info, don’t issue commands.
Change this…
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ALERT needs to be of benefit to all…Provide info, don’t issue commands.
To THIS!
How else will visitors know?
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Traditional lockdown procedure PLUS◦ Barricade the door◦ Spread out within the room with Counter devices. ◦ Do not huddle.◦ Look for alternate escape routes (another
door/window)◦ Do NOT open the door for anyone. ◦ Dial 911 when it is safe to do so◦ First Aid supplies
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= Lockdown
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What do your doors look like?
28WWW.ALICETRAINING.COMCopyright 2016 – All Rights Reserved
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Glass can be and has been defeated!
School Shooting:
• TL – Columbine
• TR – Sandy Hook
• BL – Hastings
• BR – Red Lake
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Good, but not Great!
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Barricade and Fortify Make it hard to open!
Room Resources:•Belt•Extension cord•Computer cables
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Heavy Objects
Custodian added locking casters to heavy furniture for special needs room.
32WWW.ALICETRAINING.COM
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What training does:
Barricade made by staff and students during an Active Shooter
event at Kent State University
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Pass on real time information • A Continuation of ALERT• Who, what, where, when, how
Typical Communication Methods• PA System• Phones• Radios
• Text systems
= Inform
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Play-by-Play Announcer
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What is ‘COUNTER’?
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•Fighting
= Counter
• Make it harder
• Take back Control
• Age appropriate
• Last Resort/Personal Choice
It is NOT … It is…
* Must follow KISS principle
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How to COUNTER
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• Interrupt process of shooting accurately:• Target Acquisition• Sight picture, sight alignment• Trigger control• Grip• Stance• Breathing
What comes first:Mental act or Physical act?
= Counter
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Counter: Will it work?
▪ Is it possible to interrupt the skill set needed to shoot accurately?
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How Counter Works
Observe
Orient
Decide
Act
Target Acquisition
Stance, Grip, Breathing
Sight Picture
Squeeze Trigger
OODA Phase:
Mental or Physical skill necessary to complete: Interrupted By:
Noise, Movement, Distance
Put off Balance
Distractions
Put on Defensive
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How Numbers can Stop the Shooting
It’s not Fighting, … it’s taking back Control!
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The preferred response
•Occupants must have authority to leave building when they deem appropriate
•Removes as many potential targets as possible
•Evacuate to a pre-determined rally point.
•Removes need for concerned others to come to scene.
=Evacuate
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Event Resolution
If it’s going to take an aggressive act to stop the killing, who do we hope is committing this final act?
45
How Active Shooter Events End…. %
Applied Force by Citizens or Police 43%
No Applied Force 16%
Suicide / Attempt Suicide 40%
Attacker Fled <1%
Active Shooter: Recommendations and Analysis for Risk Mitigation - NYPD 2012
Over 80% did not end until an aggressive act occurred.
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DHS Recommendations
• October 2008
• Known as the 3-Outs Program
• Get Out
• Hide Out
• Take Out
Support for Proactive Response
Strategies and Options
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IACP Recommendations
• October 2009
• Do not have a one-size fits all
plan.
• Teachers choose to Evacuate or
Lockdown
• Authorize decisions to be made
• Active Resistance is an option
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NYPD RecommendationsJan 2012, 2013
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AL Gov. and Homeland Security
• February 2013
• Specifically names ALICE and
Run, Hide, Fight as an official
State recommendations for AS
response plans.
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Ohio Attorney General and Safety Task ForceRecommendations• June 2013
• Lockdown does not mean stand-
alone defensive strategy of
Securing in Place
• Evacuate, Barricading, Counter
• For Staff and Students
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US Dept. of EdREMSRecommendations
• June 2013
• Has to be the end of LOCKDOWN
only as the response plan for schools.
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Massachusetts School Safety Task Force
• July 2014
• Names ALICE as a
recommended program
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Federal AgencyRecommendations for Houses of Worship
• June 2013
• Recommends proactive, options-
based plans
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How do I integrate into my Organization’s plans?
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ALICE Training e-Learning
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“Blended Learning on average produces stronger student learning outcomes than do classes with solely face-to-face instruction.” Center for Technology in Learning, U.S. Department of Education, 2010.
“After conducting training sessions, it is absolutely necessary to reinforce the classroom or on-line instruction with realistic exercises.” Planning and Response to an Active Shooter, Interagency Security Committee, 2015.
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• Reduced Training
Cost
• Rapid Deployment
• Scalable
• Trackable
• Self Paced
• Convenient
• Experience
• Personalized
• Feedback
• Drills/Scenarios
e-Learning Instructor
Blended
Objective
Achieved
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Questions?
Thank you and Stay Safe!
For more information or
host requests:
330-661-0106
www.ALICEtraining.com/phly