ReferencesContactChristianSanderDanstrupEmail:[email protected]
DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngologyAarhusUniversity HospitalNørrebrogade44AarhusCDenmark
CT scan showed a superior-medial mass in the left orbit with unclear relationship to the superior rectus muscle. Initially, the patient was referred to the ophthalmology department. Visual acuity was 0.8 on both eyes without correction. Intra ocular pressure was 16 mmHg in the right eye and 21 mmHg in the left eye. Proptosismeasurement was 19mm on the right side vs. 24 mm on the left side.On examination, the left eye was displaced laterally downwards and the motility was impaired in all directions, especially downwards.Normal visual field was found am. Donder. Slitlamp-examination revealed normal conjunctiva, cornea, iris, pupil and lens. Indirect ophthalmoscopy showed normal optic nerves discs, retinae and retinal vessels.The CT scan was reviewed by a neuro-radiologist and though haemorrhage initially was suspected, tumour could not be disregarded. The patient was then examined in the ear-nose and throat (ENT) department. Rhino-pharyngoscopy was performed without revealing any pathology in nasal cavity.
In general anaesthesia, computer assisted FESS with uncinectomy followed by an anterior/posterior ethmoidectomy was performed. A small incision in the periorbita revealed normal periobital fat. During this procedure, dark blood between bone and periost was evacuated, consistent with SH. No tumour was found.Seven weeks after surgery, no subjective symptoms from the eye or nasal cavity was present. Clinical findings revealed no proptosis and no intra-nasal pathology.
CaseReport
Managing traumatic subperiosteal haemorrhage in the orbita using functional endoscopic sinus surgery
ChristianSanderDanstrup,MD1;Kåre Clemmensen MD2;ClausGregers PetersenMD11DepartmentofotorhinolaryngologyAarhusUniversityhospital
2DepartmentofophthalmologyAarhusUniversityhospital
IntroductionEven though SH is a rare condition, it remains an important differential diagnosis in patients presenting with sudden proptosis.FESS is a well-proven technique for approaching the periorbital space. So far, only a single case report applying FESS for evacuation of SH has been described.6 Deutsch et. al. concluded that FESS is a safe and effective surgical procedure to achieve drainage of subperiosteal abscess in the orbit in children. This approach shortened the operative and recovery period in contrast to the other surgical techniques.7 Ketenciet al. also found less morbidity and argues that FESS is cosmetically superior to external techniques.9
FESS can be utilized for accessing a SH with a superior-medial location in the orbit, the predominant localisation More lateral SH may require external access. Ketenci et al. argues that management of SPA should be discussed between opththalmologists, otolaryngologists and perhaps neurosurgeons.9
Discussion
We propose that future cases should be discussed between otolaryngologists, ophthalmologists and neuroradiologistsand an endoscopic approach should be considered depending on the location.
Conclusion
PerioperativevideoScantheQC-codestoviewthevideoonyoursmartphone.
Showstheleftnasalcavity.Theunicinate processhasbeenremoved.Theincisionrevealsintraorbital fat.Noticethebloodcomingfromtheperiorbita whenpressureisapplied.
Subperiosteal haemorrhage (SH) regardless of aetiology is a rare condition and rarely described in the literature. SH may result from blunt trauma but spontaneous, non-traumatic subperiosteal haemorrhage (SNTSH) has also been reported. SNTSH may be caused by elevated venous pressure during i.e. valsalva manoeuvre, vomiting or diving.1,2
SH is more frequent in adolescents than in adults. In early life, the periosteum is not tightly fixated except to the cranial sutures, thus creating a virtual space.3 SNTSH is observed in all age groups.1 Location of the haemorrhage is mostly superior or medial in the orbit.1
Treatment of SH or SNTSH can be either surgical or conservative. Until now, most reported cases have been treated by ophthalmologists using external access such as an anterior orbiotomy or needle aspiration.4,5
Only a single case using endoscopic surgery has to our knowledge previously been presented.6
Figure 1Picture on the left taken on the day of admission. On the right, 7 weeks postopreative
CaseReportA 15-year-old boy of Iraqi origin was referred to the emergency room due to head trauma an hour earlier. He complained of headache, diplopia and nausea whereas vomiting or unconsciousness had not occurred. Physical examination revealed proptosis and swelling around the left eye. No neurological deficits were found.His past medical history comprised of compound heterozygote beta-thalassemia, for which he had received blood transfusion one year earlier due to anaemia.
Figure 3.Whitearrowsshowingthebordertotheleftorbit,wherethelaminaparyraceahasbeenremoved.Blackarrowsshowingperiorbital fatprotrudingfromtheorbit
1.Atalla ML,McNab AA,SullivanTJ,SloanB.Nontraumatic subperiostealorbitalhemorrhage.Ophthalmology2001;108:183-189.2.CrawfordC,Mazzoli R.Subperiostealhematomainmultiplesettings.Digitaljournalofophthalmology:DJO/sponsoredbyMassachusettsEyeandEar Infirmary2013;19:6-8.3.Ganesan K,Fabbroni G,Loukota R,Craggs L.Traumaticsubperiostealhematomaoftheorbit:areportof2cases.Journaloforalandmaxillofacialsurgery:officialjournaloftheAmericanAssociationofOralandMaxillofacialSurgeons2008;66:1266-1269.4.Leovic D,Zubcic V,Kopic M,Matijevic M,Danic D.Posttraumaticsubperiostealorbitalhematoma.Journalofcranio-maxillo-facialsurgery:officialpublicationoftheEuropeanAssociationforCranio-Maxillo-FacialSurgery2011;39:131-134.5.RojasMC,Eliason JA,FredrickDR.Needleaspirationofatraumaticsubperiostealhaematomaoftheorbit.TheBritishjournalofophthalmology2002;86:593-594.6.LiangKL,SuMC,Shiao JY,Hsin CH,JiangRS.Endoscopicsinussurgeryforthemanagementoforbitaldiseases.ORL;journalforoto-rhino-laryngologyanditsrelatedspecialties2008;70:134-140.7.DeutschE,Eilon A,Hevron I,Hurvitz H,BlinderG.Functionalendoscopicsinussurgeryoforbitalsubperiostealabscessinchildren.Internationaljournalofpediatric otorhinolaryngology1996;34:181-190.8.KimUR,Arora V,ShahAD,Solanki U.Clinicalfeaturesandmanagementofposttraumaticsubperiostealhematomaoftheorbit.Indianjournalofophthalmology2011; 59:55-58.9.Ketenci I,Unlu Y,Vural A,Dogan H,Sahin MI,Tuncer E.Approachestosubperiostealorbitalabscesses.Europeanarchivesofoto-rhino-laryngology:officialjournaloftheEuropeanFederationofOto-Rhino-LaryngologicalSocieties2013;270:1317-1327.
Figure2.CTscan.Whitearrowmarkingthesubperiostealhaemorrhage
