![Page 2: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Evolutionary Timeline
2
![Page 3: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
Gregor Mendel(1822-1884)
• Studied peas
• Laws for inheritance of
Traits
![Page 4: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
Described offspring from 28,000 pea crosses
![Page 5: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Mendel’s Pea Plant
Experiments
5
![Page 6: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Selective Breeding
• Humans control the mating or
breeding of plants and animals
desired traits
6
![Page 8: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
List Pros and Cons of selective
breeding
8
![Page 9: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Why peas, Pisum sativum?
lots of offspring = lots of data
9
![Page 10: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Pea flowers have male and female parts
•Pollen contains sperm
–Produced by the stamen
•Flowers contain eggs
–Produced in an ovary
10
![Page 11: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Self-pollinate pure bred plants
11
![Page 12: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Cross-pollinate hybrids
12
![Page 13: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
Mendel Described Particulate Inheritance =
Traits are inherited as “particles” from
parents
![Page 14: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Now we call Mendel’s “particles” genes
Genes = pieces of DNA on chromosomes14
![Page 15: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Cells of sexually reproducing
organisms• Body cells have 2 copies of gene
• Why?
• One copy from each parent
• Gametes = Eggs and Sperm
• How many copies of each gene do gametes have
• Gametes = only 1 copy of each trait
• Why?
• Meiosis gametes with ½ number of chromosomes
15
![Page 16: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Draw and label a chromosome with
lots of genes
then answer questions 1-3
16
![Page 17: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
Chromosome
![Page 18: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Genetics Vocabulary
Traits – characteristics determined by genes
18
Hereditary molecule
=DNA
Genes =
pieces of DNA traits
Found on chromosomes
![Page 19: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Dominant Genes / alleles
19
Only need one copy trait (ex: brown eyes
![Page 20: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Recessive Genes / Alleles• need 2 copies trait
• ex: blue eyes (ee)
20
![Page 21: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Genotypes
Describes the genes inherited
Homozygous = (BB or bb)
Heterozygous = (Bb)
21
![Page 22: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Phenotype
Describes a physical
characteristic
Ex: brown or blue
22
![Page 23: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Mendel studied 7 different traits
23
![Page 24: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24
How Mendel BeganMendel produced pure strains by
self-pollinating several generations
![Page 25: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Genotype & Phenotype in Flowers
25
All genes occur in pairs =2 copies (one from each parent)
Flower color Genotypes
Rr
Which genotype is dominant
R
![Page 26: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Genotype & Phenotype in Flowers
26
Flower color Phenotypes
R=Redr=white
Which phenotype is dominant
Red
![Page 27: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Questions• List the possible genotypes
• RR Rr rr
• List the possible phenotypes for each genotype
• Red red white
• Which genotypes are homozygous
• RR rr
27
![Page 28: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Pure bred plants = homozygous
• What is the genotype for a plant that is
homozygous dominant?
• RR
• What is the genotype for a plant that is
homozygous recessive?
• rr
28
![Page 29: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Mendel’s (P1 ) Pure bred Cross
• Trait = Seed Shape
• Alleles = R – Round and r – Wrinkled
• Cross:
• Homozygous round x Homozygous wrinkled
• RR x rr29
![Page 30: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Predict what the offspring will look
like and what their genotype will be
30
![Page 31: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Punnett Square• Used to determine
the probability of
inheriting a trait
31
![Page 32: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Mendel’s (P1 ) Pure bred Cross• Trait = Seed Shape
• Alleles = R – Round and r – Wrinkled
• Cross: • Homozygous round x Homozygous wrinkled
• RR x rr
32
R
R
rr
Rr
RrRr
Rr
Offspring
Genotypes:
100% Rr
Phenotypes:
100% Round
![Page 33: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Mendel’s F1 heterozygous cross
• Cut stamens to prevent self-pollination
• Cross pollinate offspring of the P1 cross
33
![Page 34: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
F1 Monohybrid Cross• Trait: Seed Shape
• Genes: R – Round r – Wrinkled
• Cross: Heterozygous x Heterozygous
• Rr x Rr
34
R
r
rR
RR
rrRr
Rr
Offspring
Genotypes: RR, Rr, rr
Genotype Ratio: 1:2:1
25% : 50% : 25%
Phenotypes: Round & wrinkled
Phenotype Ratio: 3:1
75% : 25%
![Page 35: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
35
Mendel’s Experimental Results
![Page 36: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Mendel’s hybrid cross results
36
•Expected is 3 round :1 wrinkled
•Mendel observed ratio 2.96:1
•The discrepancy is due to statistical error
•The larger the sample size the closer you
get to expected ratio
![Page 37: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Remember
• More times you repeat an experiment more
accurate results
37
![Page 38: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Following the Generations
38
Cross 2 Pure Plants
TT x tt
Results in all
HybridsTt
Cross 2 Hybridsget
3:1 (tall:Short)1TT, 2Tt, 1tt
![Page 39: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
39
Genes and Environment Determine
Characteristics
Remember:
the environment controls gene expression
![Page 40: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Open notes quiz
40
![Page 41: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Mendel’s Laws
41
![Page 42: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
1) Law of Dominance
42
• Pure bred cross experiments law of dominance
![Page 43: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
2) Law of Segregation
a) Meiosis gametes with one copy of
each gene
b) Genes are "recombined" at fertilization,
Offspring = 2copies of each
43
![Page 44: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
44
Applying the Law of Segregation
Meiosis
Meiosis
![Page 45: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
3) Law of Independent Assortment
• Different traits are sorted out independently
• every gamete is different
45
![Page 46: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
46
![Page 47: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Exceptions to Mendel’s laws
47
![Page 48: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Some traits = controlled by multiple genes
Ex: eye color
48
![Page 49: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
49
![Page 50: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Incomplete dominance
• Neither trait is dominant
• Ex: Red flowers + white flowers
• Pink
50
![Page 51: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Codominance
• Both traits get expressed
• Ex: AB blood types
51
![Page 52: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Do the codominance problems in
notes
• Father (homozygous B) X Mother (heterozygous A)
• BB X Ao
52
B B
A
o
BA BA
Bo Bo
Offspring
50% AB
50% B
![Page 53: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Do 2 practice problems in notes
53
![Page 54: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Sex Linked traits
• Answer video questions in notes
• Meal worm body cells = 20
• Meal worm egg cells = 10
• Meal worm sperm cells = 10
• Difference =
• males have one small chromosome
54
![Page 55: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
• Sex linked traits = traits (genes) found on sex
chromosomes
• Sex chromosomes are X and Y
• Females have XX
• Males have XY
55
![Page 56: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Example: White eye color in fruit
flies
• Males only get 1 copy of the gene
• Females get 2
56
White
Eye gene
XX chromosome - female Xy chromosome - male
![Page 57: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Sex-linked recessive traits
• More common in boys
• Because they only need to inherit one
57
![Page 58: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
REMEMBER
• GENES are on CHROMOSOMES
• X and Y are different types of sex
chromosomes
58
![Page 59: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
59
![Page 60: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
60
Sex-linked Trait Problem
Sex Chromosomes
XX chromosome - female XY chromosome - male
Color
blindness
Example: color blindness in humans is sex-linked
![Page 61: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
61
Sex-linked Trait Problem• Example: color blindness
• R = normal color vision
• r = color blind
• normal male x color blind female
XRY x XrXr
XR
Xr Xr
Y
![Page 62: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
62
Sex-linked Trait Solution:
XR Xr
Xr Y
XR Xr
Xr Y
Normal vision father all daughters = normal vision
Color blind mother all sons colorblind
XR
Xr Xr
Y
![Page 63: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
63
Pedigree Charts• Diagrams to follow traits through generations.
• For recessive traits carriers have one copy of the trait but are not affected
![Page 65: Mendelian Genetics · 2018-05-07 · Mendelian Genetics 1. Evolutionary Timeline 2. 3 Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043001/5f7c6d1a15f43d2b1820e993/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Practice questions in notes
65