Fixed Broadband Wireless:NLOS Systems
Rajeev KrishnamoorthyVP, TechnologyIospan Wireless
Business Drivers
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 3
Fixed BB Wireless Access Market
Large Business
Small & Medium Business
SOHO and Telecommuter
Mass Residential
Intranet/Extranet VPNs Toll-BypassPBX ExtensionLong Distance
Retail InternetAccess Residential Voice
Business InternetAccess
Access VPNResidential VoiceRemote PBX Extension
Business InternetAccess
Managed Broadband Pipes
Iospan Targets
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 4
Network Architecture
T1/Analog Voice
PBX
NSÜ
NSÜ
NSÜ
Integrated Services onHigh BW Dynamic Pipe IP, ATM Core
ADMADM
ADM
Metro Fiber
Enterprise
PSTN
DNSDHCPTFTP
OAM&P NOC
ISP
Cell SiteAccess Shelf PA, AntennasAlarms,..
Service Provider Metro & Core Network Service Provider (NSP)NOC Management Servers
(DHCP, DNS, TFTP, …)
Customer Premise Equipment (CPE)
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 5
Exploring Alternate Access
LMDSPure Line of SightHigh Fade Margins in Indian Monsoon - Small RangesHigh cost of equipment
xDSLCopper Plant ConditionLoop Unbundling
Lower Frequency Wireless
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 6
SP Requirements
Requirements
Infocom Market Focus SMB SOHO HER
Non-LOS Performance (K=0)
Reliability & QoS
Cellular – Outdoor/Indoor CPE (4-6 miles)
Low Cost ($/sub)
High Data Rates (10Mbps+ Peak)
Feature Parity With Legacy Services
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 7
Airburst Service Provider Economics
Multi-Service Platform (Data and Voice) - Broadband User Experience
Low Cost Per SubscriberHigh capacity w/ 75% fewer base stationsHigh coverage(> than 90% subscriber penetration)High Frequency Re-useIndoor/Outdoor CPE Installations
Wireline Performance (Fading and Interference Mitigation)
Peak Data Rates - 14 Mbps Today, 50 Mbps ‘03High QoS - Service Level AgreementWireline Availability
Scalability - Multi-Cell Architecture
Non-LOS Channels
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 9
Wireless ImpairmentsFading Co-Channel Interference
time -15
-10
-5
0
5
10
Time-Selective Fading
frequency- 1 5
- 1 0
- 5
0
5
1 0
Frequency-Selective Fading
space -15
-10
-5
0
5
10
Space-Selective Fading
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1
1 1
2 2
2
3 3
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
C
I
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 10
Spatial Processing System
Tx
RF
RF
RF
PHY
Rx
RF
RF
RF
PHY
RF
RFPHY
Rx
MAC/RLP
RF PHY
MAC/RLP
CPEBTSTx
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 11
Diversity Enables Better CoverageSi
gnal
/Noi
se
Noise FloorMIMO
SISO
Range
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 12
Diversity Enables Better Reuse
Sign
al /
Intf
. Rat
io
MIMOInterference
SISO
AggressiveWeakReuse
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 13
Spatial Multiplexing Increases Speed
SINR
BPS
/Hz
10 dB 20 dB0
20
2x3
1x1
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 14
Building Blocks
Reliability
Peak Data RatesCapacity
Scalability &Reuse
MAC/RLPARQ
InterferenceCancellation
Hyper Diversity
Non-LOSRobustness
SpatialMultiplexing
&Adaptive
Modulation
Data RatesPoor BEROperation
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 15
IEEE Channel Models
Extensive in-house channel measurements - Models characterize:
Rician K-factor vs. range, NAU height, antenna beamwidthChannel selectivity in frequency, time (Doppler, Delay Spread)Antenna Correlation and XPD modelsAntenna Gain Reduction FactorPath Loss Models
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 16
MIMO - Entering All StandardsC
ell S
ize
Mac
ro
AirBurst
WCDMA-----------IS-2000
Loca
lM
icro
4G (MIMO-OFDM)
Hiperaccess
802.16
BTooth
MIMO
MIMO
MIMO
MIMO
802.11aHiperlan
0.2 2 20 200
Data Rate MBPS
System Solution
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 18
AirBurst Network Architecture
T1/Analog Voice
PBX
NSÜ
NSÜ
NSÜ
Integrated Services onHigh BW Dynamic Pipe IP, ATM Core
ADMADM
ADM
Metro Fiber
Enterprise
PSTN
DNSDHCPTFTP
OAM&P NOC
ISP
Cell SiteAccess Shelf PA, AntennasAlarms,..
Service Provider Metro & Core Network Service Provider (NSP)NOC Management Servers
(DHCP, DNS, TFTP, …)
Customer Premise Equipment (CPE)
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 19
Cellular Network DeploymentDemand Dependent Cell Radius
f1
f2f3
f1
f2f3
f1
f2f3
f1
f2f3
3 sectors per cell2Tx, 3 Rx Antennas ABS10000
2 MHz, 1.75 MHz Channel settings per sector (Up or Down)48 MHz FDD SeparationAdaptive Modulation per Subscriber
14 slots, 14 Mbps/slot Peak ThroughputEach line card serves a Up or Down ChannelFlexible ConfigurationFrequency re-use of 1x3
Interference Cancellation
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 20
Airburst PHY and MAC Features
PHYOFDM Modulation - Robust for Broadband MIMO
Diversity Mode - Eliminates FadingSpatial Multiplexing - Increases Spectral Efficiency12 Adaptive Modem Modes - 6 Diversity, 6 SM
10x better spectral efficiency than 3G systemsMAC
ATM-like Fragmentation / Re-assembly Advanced ARQDown Link scheduling - GoS, QoS SupportUp link scheduling - Request/GrantCBR, CIR Support - Voice, Leased Lines
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 21
End to End QoS
Packet Classification AirBurst QoS Mapping Function Transport QoS
CIR
BE
Gold (ATM CBR VC)
Silver (ATM VBR VC)
Bronze (ATM UBR VC)
CBR
Service Provider CoreAAD300 ABS10000
Class of Service (CoS)
Subscriber Based Service ProfilesRES, SOHO, SME
CBR Constant Bit Rate (Gold)CIR Committed Information Rate (Silver)BE Best Effort (Bronze)
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 22
Diversity: Throughput & Coverage
Throughput & coverage for Uplink under-the-eaves self-installed CPE
Example: cell radius = 6km
2x3 System (MIMO)1x1 System (SISO) 1x2 System (SIMO)2x3 System (MIMO)
0 1134 2268 3402 4536 5670 68040
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
Net data rate (kb/s)
Rat
io o
f use
rs
Histogram of the net data rate (kb/s)
Non Covered
0 1134 2268 3402 4536 5670 68040
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
Net data rate (kb/s)
Rat
io o
f use
rsHistogram of the net data rate (kb/s)
Non Covered
0 1134 2268 3402 4536 5670 68040
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
Net data rate (kb/s)
Rat
io o
f use
rs
Histogram of the net data rate (kb/s)
Non Covered
Mass DeploymentG1.5G1
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 23
Airburst Performance Outline
Fixed Wireless Access Channel CharacterizationPHY Level Performance
Modem Set Points: Operating signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio to meet PER and availability targets
Link Level PerformanceLink Adaptation Performance
System Level performanceCoverage (Cell radius @ 90% area reliability)Capacity (Mbps/Cell/Hz)Frequency Reuse
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 24
System Coverage
NAUinstallation
Desktop (DT) Low eaves (LE) High eaves (HE) Rooftop (RT)
Antenna &pointing
Omni-antennarandom pointing
90deg antennaBest wall pointing.
90deg antenna,Best wall pointing.
90deg.Pointing toward BTS
Height 1.5 meters 2.5 meters 4 meters 7.5 meters
Cell Size @ 90% coverage (kms)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
DT LE HE RT
NAU type
cell
size
(km
s)
Micro-cell (15m BTS) Macro-cell (30m BTS)
Random K factor and Delay Spread According to Models
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 25
S-T Processing- Coverage & Reliability
Cell Planning, Deployment, & Provisioning
99.99% reliability99.99% reliability30 dB gain30 dB gain⇒⇒ 4 times distance reach4 times distance reach
(16 times coverage)(16 times coverage)
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 26
Link Budget Gains
Coverage30 dB results in about 4x radius (~16x in coverage area, or subs)
Data Link Rate30 dB results in 4-8x data rate increaseSpatial Multiplexing adds another factor of 20 - 100% on top of this
Reuse30 dB results in reuse improvement of ~4We are targeting 1x3; competition is 4x3 or worse
CapacityIncreases 16 or greater based on link rate and reuse
Cost30 dB will result in PAs, heat sink, power supply, boards, etc. which are considerably cheaper at both ends
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 27
Link Budget Gains (2)
Interference Mitigation and CancellationResults in better frequency reuse, better signal quality (higher SNR) and higher user data rate and capacity
Dynamic Link AdaptationResults in lower SINR margin to guarantee data rates, availability, and QoSConsequently results in better frequency reuse and easier cell planning
Spatial MultiplexingResults in doubling the data rate
Wider CPE Beam-widthResults in easier installation (makes self install possible)Enables easier cell-splitting to scale as capacity demands grow
Products & Trial
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 29
AirBurst Base Station -ABS10000
AirBurst TF1000
17.5”
Power10 MHz
TF1000RF Combine &Timing
RedundantCooling
ABS10000Channel Assembly 17.2”
ABS10000 ChassisAll Carrier Class Features - FutureMultiple Sector Modular DesignOC-3, DS3/E3 WAN InterfaceRemote Diagnostics
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 30
AirBurst Access Device - AAD300
FAXExisting RJExisting RJ--11 wall jack11 wall jack
10/100 baseT Ethernet10/100 baseT Ethernet
PC
Existing Existing RJRJ--11 wall jack11 wall jack
Existing dual pair wiringExisting dual pair wiring
Line 1Line 1 Line 1Line 1
Line 2Line 2LineLine 11
PCPCPC
Indoor Table Topor Outdoor Under Eaves(Ceiling, Wall Mount Options)
1 Ethernet1 Tx, 3Rx AntennasBridge, PPPoE ModePower - 30dbm (outdoor)
FutureFuture
RF INRF IN
Iospan Wireless, Inc. // Company Confidential / February 2002 / Page 31
Trial In-Progress