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Session 13NM Tools
Adapted from Network Management: Principles and Practice © Mani Subramanian 2000 and solely used for Network Management course at Universitas Bina Nusantara
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NOC Tool Categories (RFC 1470)
NetworkManagement
Tools
MechanismOperating
EnvironmentAcquisition
NetworkResources /Components
Functional
Examples : Alarm Manager Security Traffic
Examples: Bridge Ethernet IP NFS
Examples: NMS Ping SNMP X
Examples: DOS Windows NT Sun Unix
Free
Library
Sourcelib
• Developed by IETF Working Group on NOC Tools• Update available via
• news:comp.networks.noctools• ftp://wuarchive.wustl.edu/doc/noctools
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BERT (Bit Error Rate Test)
BERTA
ModemA
ModemB
BERTB
LoopBack
LoopBack
• Physical layer monitoring tool • Generates and detects bits• Bit error rate (BER) is calculated by comparing
the transmitted pattern with received pattern• Loop back is a feature of the modem• BER can be measured for a modem or two modems
and the link in between
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Network Software Tools
• Status monitoring tools• Traffic monitoring tools• Route monitoring tools
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Network Management Tools
• SNMP command tools• MIB Walk• snmpsniff
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SNMP Command Tools
• snmptest• snmpget• snmpgetnext• snmpset• snmptrap• snmpwalk• snmpnetstat
• Test tool is an interactive tool to get values of several managed objects, one at a time.
• Get, Get-next and Set are the SNMP commands that we learned under SNMP architecture / messages. Execution of these will return an SNMP Response message.
• SNMPWalk uses snmpgetnext to trace the entire MIB.
• Network status command is used to test the status of network connections of a host.
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Network Status
• Command: snmpnetstat host community
• Useful for finding status of network connections
% snmpnetstat noc5 publicActive Internet ConnectionsProto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address (state)tcp 0 0 *.* *.* CLOSEDtcp 0 0 localhost.46626 localhost.3456 ESTABLISHEDtcp 0 0 localhost.46626 localhost.3712 ESTABLISHEDtcp 0 0 localhost.46626 localhost.3968 ESTABLISHEDtcp 0 0 localhost.46626 localhost.4224 ESTABLISHEDtcp 0 0 localhost.3456 localhost.46626 ESTABLISHEDtcp 0 0 localhost.3712 localhost.46626 ESTABLISHEDtcp 0 0 localhost.3968 localhost.46626 ESTABLISHEDtcp 0 0 localhost.4224 localhost.46626 ESTABLISHEDtcp 0 0 noc5.41472 noc5.4480 ESTABLISHEDtcp 0 0 noc5.41472 noc5.4736 ESTABLISHEDtcp 0 0 noc5.4480 noc5.41472 ESTABLISHEDtcp 0 0 noc5.4736 noc5.41472 ESTABLISHED
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SNMP Browser
• Command: snmpwalk host community [variable name]
• Uses Get Next Command
• Presents MIB Tree
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Protocol Analyzer
PROTOCOL ANALYZER
DataCaptureDevice
LAN
Raw data transferred onModem / WAN or LAN Link
• Analyzes data packets on any transmission line including LAN
• Measurements made locally or remotely• Probe (data capture device) captures data and transfers to the
protocol analyzer (no storage)• Data link between probe and protocol analyzer either dial-up
or dedicated link or LAN• Protocol analyzer analyzes data at all protocol levels
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MRTG
• Multi Router Traffic Grouper (Oeticker and Rand)• www.ee.ethz.ch/stats/mrtg/
• Generates graphic presentation of traffic on Web• Daily view• Weekly view• Monthly view• Yearly view
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Enterprise Management
• Management of data transport• IBM Netview, Sun Solstice, HP OpenView, Cabletron Spectrum
• Systems management• CA Unicenter and Tivoli TME
• Network and systems management• Partnerships
• Telecommunications management• TMN, Operations systems
• Service management and policy management
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NMS Components
Vendor Specific NMS Services
Common SNMP Services
Core Application Services
Operating System
Hardware
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NMS Components
Component Service Example Hardware Processor
Monitor Mouse and Keyboard Communications
Sun Sparc HP 9000 PC
Operating system OS services UNIX LINUX / FreeBSD Solaris MS Windows 95 / 98 / NT
Core application
services
Display GUI Database Report generation Communication services
OpenView SunNet Manager Solstice Enterprise Manager MS Windows
Common SNMP services
SNMPv1 messages SNMPv2 messages MIB management Basic SNMP Applica -tions
3rd party NMS API
OpenView Network Node Manager
IBM NetView SunNet Manager
Solstice Enterprise Manager
Vendor-specific NMS services
MIB management SNMP applications Config. management Physical entity display
CiscoWorks Transcend
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Multi-NMS Configuration
ManagedNetworkElements
Vendor 2NMS
Vendor 1NMS
Vendor 3NMS
ConfigurationManager
ofManagers
FaultPerformance
Configuration
Configuration
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Network Configuration
• Configure agents• Configure management systems• Community administration parameters
• Community name• MIB view• Trap targets
• Auto-discovery : Scope
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Network Monitoring
• By polling• By traps• Failure indicated by pinging or traps• Ping frequency optimized for network load vs. quickness of
detection• Trap messages: linkdown, linkUp, coldStart, warmStart, etc.• Network topology discovered by auto-discovery• Monitoring done at multiple levels - “drilling”
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Commercial NMS
• Enterprise NMS• Hewlett-Packard OpenView• Sun SunNet Manager• IBM Netview
• Low End NMS• SNMPc
• System & Network Management• Computer Associates Unicenter TNG• Tivoli TME / Netview
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Commercial NMS
• Low End NMS• Enterprise NMS
•Centralized•Distributed
• System and Network Management
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• Auto-discovery and mapping• Drill-down views• Fault monitoring• Event monitoring• MIB Browser• SNMP tools• Traffic monitoring• 3rd party integration
• OpenView is Hewlett-Packard’s platform for Network Management
• Many NMSs use OpenView Platform: CiscoWorks, etc
• Drill-down Map Hierarchy
HP OpenView Network Node Manager
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HP OpenView Platform
GUI
ManagementApplications
API
API
ManagementServices
ManagedObjects
• Open, modular, and distributed architecture• Object oriented design, Open API-based architecture
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OpenView Distributed Platform
Postmaster
CMIP SNMP TCP/IP
Routing EventServices
APIs
Management Applications
Communications Infrastructure
Network
• Postmaster integrates all management services multiple protocol stacks: SNMP, CMIP, TCP/IP
• Routing enables distributed message routing
• Event services control event and alarm messages
• Management services interface with management applications via APIs
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Distributed OpenView NNMs
Enterprise Network
Site A Site B Site C
OpenView NNMCollection Station A
OpenView NNMCollection Station B
OpenView NNMCollection Station C
OpenView NNMManagement Station
• An enterprise network managed by multiple NMSs• Collection stations could be regular NNMs or entry-NNMs (100
nodes)• Filtered information sent to MoM (top level NNM) reduces traffic• MoM integrates and presents enterprise data