Download - Models of the hydrogen atom
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Models of the hydrogen atom
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Issues with Rutherford model
• Why don’t electrons just spiral into nucleus?
• Why don’t positive charges in nucleus repel each other?
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Inquiring minds want to know…
Neils BohrJames Chadwick
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The big question…• What model of electrons in a
hydrogen atom explains this?
Bands of colorElectric current thru H2 gas
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Predicted spectrum models vs. experimental
No bands
One band in UV
Almost all bands match, ratios better
Almost all bands match, ratios best
Most bands match, ratios ?
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Explaining models match to H-spectrum
• Billiard ball – no bands, no interaction of light with H-atom
• Plum pudding – one band, interaction of light with H-atom but only one transition
• Bohr – most bands match, ratios of band heights not matching
• DeBroglie – almost all bands match, ratios match better
• Schrodinger - almost all bands match, ratios match best
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Quantum Mechanics video
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Explaining Bohr model of H atom
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Steps to create spectrum in Bohr model
1. Incoming photon excites electron to a higher shell– Photon must be high enough energy
2. Electron “chooses” to drop (relax, decay) to a lower shell– “When” and “which shell” completely unknown
3. When relaxes, excess electron energy is released as a photon of light
– Energy of photon corresponds to difference in energy levels
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Bohr model of atom
http://www.bigs.de/en/shop/anim/termsch01.swf
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Explaining power of quantum model
BaCl2 CuCl2 KCl LiCl NaCl
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Explaining powerFireworks!!!
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Explaining powerLuminescent paper
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Properties of a good explaining theory…
• A good explaining theory – Is simple– Explains all the data
• Doesn’t contradict itself • Connects previously
unconnected data– Is fruitful
• Leads to new experiments– Links to other theories