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Monitoring and evaluation of walking and cycling interventions in Scotland
Andy CopeDirector, Research and Monitoring UnitSustrans
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Sustrans in Scotland…• National Cycle Network• Connect2• Active Travel• School Travel• Liveable Neighbourhoods• …• £3.5m in 2009/10 from Scottish Government
1. Context
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Five distinct areas…• Engineering• Education• Encouragement• Enforcement and compliance• Evaluation
2. KPI ‘sets’
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Three distinct areas…• Changes in usage on the National Cycle Network and other local cycling and walking networks• Community and wider benefits• Process monitoring
3. Evaluation KPIs
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Five distinct indicators/targets…• Trips on the NCN and NCN links increase 15%• Of 15% increase in trips, 25% will be new users • Increase usage on short links by 10%• Increase commuting trips on the NCN by 15%• 10% increase in active travel in intervention locations
4. Changes in usage on the NCN and other local cycling and walking networks
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The resource consists of:• Over 150 cycle counters that we know about• Data from 34 analysed• Non-parametric slope estimators
5. Data generated: cycle count data
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Average change in the average daily count over a one year period = 13%
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Jan-03 Jul-03 Feb-04 Aug-04 Mar-05 Sep-05 Apr-06 Nov-06
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7 day median count of cyclists 5 day median count of cyclists
weekend day median count of cyclists Average change in average daily count
5. Data generated: cycle count data
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6. Data generated: Route User Survey
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6. Data generated: Route User Survey
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Weaknesses…• practical• sampling• statistical power• validation• translational
But the strengths are replicability, deliverability, growing body of consistent evidence, increasingly robust in delivery context, useful as evidence
6. Data generated: Route User Survey
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• Several distinct indicators• 20 counters show +6.3% per annum• [+1.3% at 14 non NCN sites; +4.5% across all sites]•NCN usage increased from 28.3 million trips in 2007 to 31.3 million trips in 2008, a +10.6% increase• Positive case studies, e.g. +240% pedestrian usage increase at Dumbarton
7. KPI example: trips on the NCN
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8. Scotland Hands-Up Context• Annual hands-up survey of school children in Scotland
(began Sept 2008) providing national indicator of mode of travel
• Incorporated into Cycling Action Plan for Scotland• Partnership project: Sustrans (Scotland team and
R&MU) and STCs working in Local Authorities
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Approach/method • Sustrans provide materials for STCs who pass on to
schools, local collation• Survey asks about usual or normal mode of travel for the
school journey – how do you normally travel to school• Survey during a specified week each September• Response options:
– Walk - Driven– Cycle - Bus– Scooter/Skate - Taxi– Park & Stride - Other
• R&MU conduct overall collation, analysis and reporting
8. Scotland Hands-Up
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8. Scotland Hands-Up Participation
• 32 Local Authorities across Scotland
2008 – 29 LAs participated, 1,824 schools and 396,337 pupils
2009 – 31 LAs participated, 1,939 schools and 417,474 pupils
Response rate
• Calculated for participating Local Authorities only
2008 – 75.8%
2009 – 82.1%
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8. Scotland Hands-Up - Results
0%
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Walk Cycle Scooter /Skate
Park &Stride
Driven Bus Taxi Other
Travel Mode
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)
2008
2009
Year Walk Cycle
Scooter/skate
Park&Stride
Driven Bus Taxi Other Sample
2008 48.3% 2.8% 0.7% 6.1% 22.0%18.2%
1.4% 0.5% 396377
200946.9%
2.3% 0.6% 6.7% 23.3%18.3%
1.5% 0.4%41747
4
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Walk CycleScooter /
Skate
Park &
Stride
Driven Bus Taxi Other
Primary 2008 51.6% 3.4% 1.0% 7.4% 26.1% 8.7% 1.6% 0.2%
2009 49.5% 3.0% 0.8% 8.4% 27.9% 8.5% 1.7% 0.2%
Secondary 2008 42.8% 1.6% 0.2% 3.6% 12.7% 37.2% 1.0% 0.9%
2009 42.6% 1.2% 0.2% 3.5% 14.3% 36.2% 1.2% 0.9%
Independent 2008 27.2% 1.9% 0.6% 7.1% 42.4% 18.3% 0.4% 2.0%
2009 22.6% 1.6% 1.0% 6.3% 53.1% 14.3% 0.2% 0.9%
SEN 2008 13.5% 1.5% 0.0% 4.5% 6.8% 47.4% 26.3% 0.0%
2009 4.3% 0.2% 0.0% 0.2% 7.3% 54.1% 33.9% 0.0%
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8. Scotland Hands-Up - Results• 49.8% of children surveyed travel to school in an
active way, either by walking, cycling or using a scooter or skate board in 2009 compared to 51.8% in 2008
• 2.3% of all pupils cycle in 2009 compared to 2.8% of all pupils cycling in 2008
• 22.0% of all children are driven to school in 2008, this increases to 23.3% in 2009
• A similar proportion of children took the bus in both years (18%)
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• Wider use of data sets?• Alternative data sets?• Analytical processes?• Wider partnerships?
9. Our questions to TTSAC
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