More Efficient Conservation and Use of Vegetables Genetic Resources In Europe:
ECPGR Achievements and PerspectivesECPGR Achievements and Perspectives
Marie-Christine Daunay, INRA, Montfavet, France
C. Allender & D. Astley, HRI, Wellesbourne, UKN Bas W van Dooijeweert R van Treuren: CGN Wageningen the NetherlandsN. Bas, W. van Dooijeweert, R. van Treuren:,CGN, Wageningen, the NetherlandsF. Branca, Universita di Catania, Sicily, ItalyM.J. Dίez, COMAV, Universitad Politecnica de Valencia, SpainE. Geoffriau, INHP, Angers, FranceE.R.J. Keller, IPK, Gatersleben, GermanyT. Kotlinska, RIVC, Skierniewice, PolandK. Smélaková, CRI, Olomouc, Czech RepublicJ. Engels & L. Maggioni, ECPGR, Rome, Italy
The ECPGR Vegetables Network Coordinating Group
J. Engels & L. Maggioni, ECPGR, Rome, Italy
Genebanks around the worldbars indicate the number of accessions (Source: WIEWS).bars indicate the number of accessions (Source: WIEWS).
N d f ti b t E t k h ldNeed of cooperation between European stakeholdersfor harmonizing germplasm management
http://www.ecpgr.cgiar.org/Introduction/AboutECPGR.htm
National representatives of public institutions (collection curators, researchers, breeders)
The vegetables network = 6 Vegetables Working Groups
Allium WG 1984 Umbellifers WG 1998Brassica WG 1989Allium WG 1984 Umbellifers WG, 1998Brassica WG, 1989
http://www.ecpgr.cgiar.org/Networks/Vegetables/vegetables.htmg g g g g
Solanaceae WG, 2001 Cucurbits WG, 2003 Leafy vegetables WG, 2003
ECPGR Steering Committee (National coordinators)
ECPGR secretariat, Rome Other networks
Vegetables Network
Working Group Allium
WG Brassica
WG Umbellifers
WG Solanaceae
WG C bit
WG Leafy vegetables
WG Cucurbits
ECPGR WG members (public institutions)
Designated by their National Coordinator
42 European countries
Ex situ collections
Onion shallot garlic leek chives welsh onion etc & minor crops
Allium WG
Onion, shallot, garlic, leek, chives, welsh onion, etc. & minor crops & related wild taxa [vegetative vs seed propagated species]
Brassica WG
Cauliflower, cabbage, kale, rapeseed, black mustard, turnip rape, etc.& related wild taxa
Umbellifers WG
Carrot, fennel, parsnip, parsley, dill, celeri, caraway, chervil, coriander,& related wild taxa
T t l t i i Ph li C h d
Solanaceae WG
Tomato, eggplant, capsicum pepper, pepino, Physalis, Cyphomandra,& related wild taxa
Cucurbits WG
Melon, cucumber, watermelon, Cucurbita sp., bottle gourd, etc.
Leafy vegetables WG
Lettuce, spinach, chicory, and minor leafy vegetables (artichoke, asparagus, rhubarb, etc.)
y g
asparagus, rhubarb, etc.)
Vegetables Network: main achievements1. European Central Crop DataBases (ECCDBs)
• Allium
p p ( )
• Brassica
• UmbellifersUmbellifers
• SolanaceaeTomatoEggplantEggplantCapsicumPepino, Physalis & Cyphomandra
• Cucurbits
• Leafy vegetablesLettuceLettuceChicorySpinachMinor species
Vegetables Network: main achievements1. European Central Crop DataBases (ECCDBs)
• Allium: HRI, Wellesbourne, UK (database manager)
p p ( )
• Brassica
• Umbellifers: HRIUmbellifers: HRI
• SolanaceaeTomatoEggplantEggplantCapsicumPepino, Physalis & Cyphomandra
• Cucurbits
• Leafy vegetablesLettuceLettuceChicorySpinachMinor species
Vegetables Network: main achievements1. European Central Crop DataBases (ECCDBs)
• Allium: HRI, Wellesbourne, UK (database manager)
p p ( )
• Brassica: CGN, Wageningen, the Netherlands
• Umbellifers: HRIUmbellifers: HRI
• SolanaceaeTomato: CGNEggplantEggplantCapsicumPepino, Physalis & Cyphomandra
• Cucurbits
• Leafy vegetablesL tt CGNLettuce: CGNChicorySpinach: CGNMinor species
Vegetables Network: main achievements1. European Central Crop DataBases (ECCDBs)
• Allium: HRI, Wellesbourne, UK (database manager)
p p ( )
• Brassica: CGN, Wageningen, the Netherlands
• Umbellifers: HRIUmbellifers: HRI
• SolanaceaeTomato: CGNEggplantEggplantCapsicumPepino, Physalis & Cyphomandra: COMAV, Valencia, Spain
• Cucurbits: COMAV
• Leafy vegetablesLettuce: CGNLettuce: CGNChicorySpinach: CGNMinor species
Vegetables Network: main achievements1. European Central Crop DataBases (ECCDBs)
• Allium: HRI, Wellesbourne, UK (database manager)
p p ( )
• Brassica: CGN, Wageningen, the Netherlands
• Umbellifers: HRIUmbellifers: HRI
• SolanaceaeTomato: CGNEggplant: Bot Gard Radboud Univ Nijmegen NLEggplant: Bot. Gard. Radboud Univ., Nijmegen, NLCapsicumPepino, Physalis & Cyphomandra: COMAV, Valencia, Spain
• Cucurbits: COMAV
• Leafy vegetablesLettuce: CGNLettuce: CGNChicorySpinach: CGNMinor species
Vegetables Network: main achievements1. European Central Crop DataBases (ECCDBs)
• Allium: HRI, Wellesbourne, UK (database manager)
p p ( )
• Brassica: CGN, Wageningen, the Netherlands
• Umbellifers: HRIUmbellifers: HRI
• SolanaceaeTomato: CGNEggplant: Bot Gard Radboud Univ Nijmegen NLEggplant: Bot. Gard. Radboud Univ., Nijmegen, NLCapsicum: AARI, Izmir, TurkeyPepino, Physalis & Cyphomandra: COMAV, Valencia, Spain
• Cucurbits: COMAV
• Leafy vegetablesLettuce: CGNLettuce: CGNChicorySpinach: CGNMinor species
Vegetables Network: main achievements1. European Central Crop DataBases (ECCDBs)
• Allium: HRI, Wellesbourne, UK (database manager)
p p ( )
• Brassica: CGN, Wageningen, the Netherlands
• Umbellifers: HRIUmbellifers: HRI
• SolanaceaeTomato: CGNEggplant: Bot Gard Radboud Univ Nijmegen NLEggplant: Bot. Gard. Radboud Univ., Nijmegen, NLCapsicum: AARI, Izmir, TurkeyPepino, Physalis & Cyphomandra: COMAV, Valencia, Spain
• Cucurbits: COMAV
• Leafy vegetablesLettuce: CGNLettuce: CGNChicory: GEVES, Brion, FranceSpinach: CGNMinor species
Vegetables Network: main achievements1. European Central Crop DataBases (ECCDBs)
• Allium: HRI, Wellesbourne, UK (database manager)
p p ( )
• Brassica: CGN, Wageningen, the Netherlands
• Umbellifers: HRIUmbellifers: HRI
• SolanaceaeTomato: CGNEggplant: Bot Gard Radboud Univ Nijmegen NLEggplant: Bot. Gard. Radboud Univ., Nijmegen, NLCapsicum: AARI, Izmir, TurkeyPepino, Physalis & Cyphomandra: COMAV, Valencia, Spain
• Cucurbits: COMAV
• Leafy vegetablesLettuce: CGNLettuce: CGNChicory: GEVES, Brion, FranceSpinach: CGNMinor species: IPK, Gatersleben, Germany
Vegetables Network: main achievements1. European Central Crop DataBases (ECCDBs)
• Allium 14 194
p p ( )
• Brassica 23 752
• Umbellifers 9 396Umbellifers 9 396
• SolanaceaeTomato 21 327eggplant 5 896eggplant 5 896Capsicum 9 075Pepino (144), Physalis (284) & Cyphomandra (84)
• Cucurbits 23 836
• Leafy vegetablesL tt 11 643Lettuce 11 643Chicory 1 716Spinach 2 017Minor species 2 154
1. European Central Crop DataBases (ECCDBs)
Vegetables Network: main achievements
• Allium 14 194
p p ( )
TOTAL 125 518 accessions
• Brassica 23 752
• Umbellifers 9 396
Ongoing …ECCDBs
Umbellifers 9 396
• SolanaceaeTomato 21 327eggplant 5 896eggplant 5 896Capsicum 9 075Pepino (144), Physalis (284) & Cyphomandra (84)
• Cucurbits 23 836
• Leafy vegetablesL tt 11 643Lettuce 11 643Chicory 1 716Spinach 2 017Minor species 2 154
ECCDBs on line accessible
Passport, characterization (description) and evaluation data
Query on line, results downloadable
Vegetables Network: main achievements
1. European Central Crop DataBases (ECCDBs)2. Set up of full descriptors lists
20012001
1998
Pepino (2004), several Cucurbits (2005)
Vegetables Network: main achievements
1. Eoropean Central Crop DataBases (ECCDBs)2. Set up of full descriptors lists3 Definition of 10 minimum morphological descriptors3. Definition of 10 minimum morphological descriptors
crop ECCDBs
Several species of Brassica Solanaceae Cucurbits Leafy vegSeveral species of Brassica, Solanaceae, Cucurbits, Leafy veg.
Vegetables Network: main achievements
1. European Crop Central DataBases (ECCDBs)2. Set up of full descriptors lists3 Definition of 10 minimum descriptors / crop ECCDBs3. Definition of 10 minimum descriptors / crop ECCDBs4. Detection of duplicates (complex)
Intra collection (e.g. CGN lettuce collection): 13% duplication
I t ll tiInter-collectionse.g. Brassica rapa, 4 collections: 47%e.g. Tomato, European collection: 33%
Vegetables Network: main achievements
1. European Central Crop DataBases (ECCDBs)2. Set up of full descriptors lists3 Definition of 10 minimum descriptors / crop ECCDBs3. Definition of 10 minimum descriptors / crop ECCDBs4. Detection of duplicates5. Minimum quality standards for collection management
V i t f t l d i EVariety of protocols used in Europe
Upgrade the standards
Vegetables Network: main achievements
1. European Central Crop DataBases (ECCDBs)2. Set up of full descriptors lists3 Definition of 10 minimum descriptors / crop ECCDBs3. Definition of 10 minimum descriptors / crop ECCDBs4. Detection of duplicates 5. Minimum quality standards for collection management6 S f d li i f h ll i6. Safety duplication of each collection
« black boxes » hosted by several genebanks via agreementy g g
ongoing All WGs
Vegetables Network: main achievements
1. European Central Crop Databases (EECCDBs)2. Set up of full descriptors lists3 Definition of 10 minimum descriptors / crop ECCDBs3. Definition of 10 minimum descriptors / crop ECCDBs4. Detection of duplicates 5. Minimum quality standards for collection management6 S f d li i f h ll i6. Safety duplication of each collection7. Collecting material
Allium, Umbellifers and Leafy vegetables
Vegetables Network: main achievements
1. European Central Crop Databases (ECCDBs)2. 2. Set up of full descriptors lists3 Definition of 10 minimum descriptors / crop ECCDBs3. Definition of 10 minimum descriptors / crop ECCDBs4. Detection of duplicates 5. Minimum quality standards for collection management6 S f d li i f h ll i6. Safety duplication of each collection7. Collecting material8. Miscellaneous
Taxonomic informationCapacity building, training
Public exhibitions
Vegetables Network: main achievementsFacilitated by several projects financed by E.U. Regulations 1467/94 and 870/2004y p j y g
European Community programme on the conservation, characterisation, collection and utilisation of genetic resources in agriculture
However, the present ECPGR system strongly relies on inputs in kinds by each member, and this is an increasingly structural limitation, because of the very
heterogeneous national policies among European countries on the matter of plantheterogeneous national policies among European countries on the matter of plant genetic resources with subsequent financial and technical consequences suffered by
national institution in charge of germplasm.
Towards
http://www.aegis.cgiar.org/Main Objectives:Main Objectives:
1. Strengthening European collaboration for Plant Genetic Resources
2 I i t ffi i f ( t bl ) GR t2. Improving cost efficiency of (vegetables) GR management
3. Improving quality standards of (vegetables) GR management
4. Reducing redundancy within and between (vegetables) collectionsg y ( g )
5. Facilitating access to (vegetables) GR
6. Strengthening ex situ in situ conservation
Operation mode: contractual commitment of the participating countries: signature of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU)g g ( )21 countries have signed since July 2009 (21 out of 42 countries)
The European collection (of vegetables)
1. Identification of the Most Appropriate Accessions (MAAs) –starting
Unique or Specific to or Important for Europe
2 pilot WGs: Help ECPGR at setting up a guideline for MAAs identification Brassica (rapa): based on passport data (pbs: NA data, outbreeders)
Alli ( t ti ) b d l l fi i tiAllium (vegetative) : based on molecular fingerprinting
Other WGs: starting
Improving & searching ECCDBs:
DB managers (CGN): setting up algorithms for detecting probable duplicatesg ( ) g p g g p p(ongoing)
The European collection (of vegetables)
2. A Quality System (AQUAS): Setting up standardized protocols
Genebank manual
Crop specific minimum standards
Monitoring & reporting system
Ongoing brainstorming of Vegetables WGs & ECPGR
Conclusions Vegetables Network
• Cooperation, Coordination & Solidarity / stakeholdersCooperation, Coordination & Solidarity / stakeholders
• ECCDBs on line accessible for 6 crop groupspassport (characterization, evaluation data)
Next step
National legislations
pMoU
National legislationsNational coordination
Signed by most European countries
Commitments
Strategic value of vegetables GR (Food security Research Genetics Breeding )
Vegetables network
(Food security, Research, Genetics, Breeding, …)
g
Breeders, Seed Cies
ECPGR In situ network
EUCARPIA
NGOs
EUCARPIA (GR section)
Strengthen CooperationEuropean Political levels
Communicate with
Research community
Universities !Public at large
National Political levels
Ensuring the Safety, Quality, Access & Use of Vegetables GR
Public at large
Thank YouYou