Download - Morphology
Morphology
The study of word construction
Getting Started
• With your table mates brainstorm a list of free morphemes with: three, four and five letters.
What is a free morpheme?
• Free morphemes stand alone as words.• They are derived from Anglo-Saxon roots.• It can’t be broken into smaller word parts.• Some examples: help, play, porcupine,
salamander.
What is a bound morphemes
• Cannot stand alone as words• There are five types:• Prefixes are fixed at the beginning of a word.• Suffixes are fixed to the end.• Greek and Latin roots.
Activities
• At your table, you will be given directions to complete an activity together.
• You have ten minutes to work. • Be prepared to share your work.
1. Defining common affixes
Prefix Definition Suffix Definitionre- Again, back (redo)
-ed Past-tense verbs
in-, im- Not (injustice, impossible)
-s, -es More than one
un- Not (unfriendly)
-ing Verb form/present participle
dis- Not, opposite of (disagree)
-ly Characteristic of
en-, em-
Cause to (encode, embrace)
-er, -or One who (worker, actor)
2. Brainstorm words with the following prefixes
Inter- (between) Semi- (half) Sub- (under) Mis- (wrong) De- (not, opposite)InteractInterviewInterventionInterrelateInterpret
SemiautomaticSemicircleSemiannualSemicolonSemifinal
SubtractSubparSubmarineSuburbSubcategory
MistakeMisfireMiscalculateMisuseMishap
DeactivateDeconstructDefaceDemoralizeDeforestation
3. Brainstorm words with the following suffixes
-ic (having characteristics of)
-ive (adj. form of noun)
-less (without) -ity (state of) -ful (full of)
LinguisticManicToxicArtisticIdealistic
ExpressiveCreativeImaginativeElusiveAuthoritative
FearlessChildlessCluelessSenselessPenniless
InfinityCalamityInsanityDepravityAffinity
CarefulJoyfulThankfulStressfulHelpful
4. Brainstorm words with the following Latin root words
Fract (break) Ject (throw) Port (carry) Voc (voice) Bene (well, good)FractureInfractionFractionDiffractFractionally
EjectRejectRejectionInjectInjection
TransportPortalPorterAirportDeport
VocalVocabularyInvocationAdvocateVocalize
BenefactorBeneficiaryBenevolentBenefitBeneficial
5. Brainstorm words with the following Greek roots
Mech (machine) Therm (heat) Scope (see) Para (beside) Graph (write, record)
MechanicMechanismMechanicallyMechanizedBiomechanics
ThermalThermometerThermodynamicHypothermiaEndothermic
MicroscopeTelescopePeriscopeMicroscopicKaleidoscope
ParallelParalegalParaprofessionalParasiteParachute
AutographMimeographBibliographyPictographTelegraph
6. Assimilation/Dissimilation
In- Im- -al -arIneptIndescribableInsecureInoperableInfallible
ImpossibleImmortalImbalanced
Use im- when:In front of b, m, or p Use –ar when:Root word ends in /l/ sound (cell, particle)
PaternalConventionalSkepticalArtificialGeneral
CellularParticular
Epenthesis
• The process of inserting a sound to create an acceptable sequence.
• One example is a and an.• A is for words that begin with a consonant and
an is in front of words that begin with a vowel to break up two vowels.
Metathesis
• Reversing a sound in a word to avoid an unacceptable combination.
• English does not use metathesis between morphemes.
• Sometimes young children will reverse sounds, based on their development level.
Discussion
• How would you use this information when teaching native English speakers?
• How might this change with English language learners?
Exit Slip
• Please complete • Thank you!!