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Musculoskeletal Radiology 2
Fractures
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Closed /simple fracture: is a broken bone that does not penetrate the skin Open (compound) fracture: involve wounds that communicate with the
fracture and disruption of overlying skin. May expose bone to contamination These may be oblique, transverse or spiral Comminuted fracture. Bone break in to multiple pieces. Greenstick fracture: a fracture that penetrates (perforate) one cortex while the
opposite one is still intact (ramifies within the medullary bone). It is an incomplete fracture of a long bone, usually seen in young children.
Torus fracture (Buckle fracture): is an injury which is insufficient to break the cortex and instead it will produce buckling usually metaphyseal in location. It often results from trabecular compression from an axial type loading force (along long axis of bone). Usually seen in children, frequently in the distal radius diaphysis or metaphysis.
Fracture Type/Classification
Break in the bone/discontinuity of bone cortex
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Stress Fractures: overuse injuries of bone. These fractures, which may be nascent or
complete, result from repetitive sub-threshold loading that, over time, exceeds the bone's intrinsic ability to repair itself . It typically occurs in weight-bearing bones, such as the tibia and metatarsals (bones of the foot). ex. soldiers, high heels (symptom: pain in the forefoot, image: affects shaft and fracture lines are vertical)
Pathological fractures: are fractures that occur in a bone that is affected by a destructive process
that results in altered bone texture and strength. Causes of weakened bone include tumors, infection, and certain inherited bone disorders.
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Colle’s fractureFracture occur with in 2-3 cm of the distal end of radius.The deformity it cause is called dinner fork deformityDorsal angulation of distal fragment
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Radius :Simple fracture
Fracture of ulna
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Metacarpal fractures
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Scaphoid fractureComplications are avascular necrosis and non union
Fracture Clavicle.Commonest site for clavicular fracture is middle third
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Comminuted Fractures upper and lower humerus
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Green Stick Fractures Buckle fracture
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Lower Limb Fractures
Fracture Femoral neckFemoral shaft fracture
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Fractures Tibia and Fibula
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Malleoli fractures
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Fracture distal phalanx of Toe
Metatarsal fractures
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Tarsal fractures
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Fractures Knee
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Lipohaemarthrosis. Fat fluid level is visible
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Pelvic fractures Diastasis of pubic symphysis
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Skull fractures
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Vertebral fractures
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CT: Complex trauma.e.gFracture of maxillofacial region and pelvis etc. to find out,location,extent and associated soft tissue injuries.
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