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Observations, Inferences, &
HypothesesSet up your Cornell Notes for todays notes (right page)!
Observations, Inferences, Hypotheses Date
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Catalyst (Left Page)Observations ,Inferences &
Hypotheses
Make at least 5observations
about the picture
on the left.
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How is Science a Process?
Scientists ask questions about how the
world works
We discover pieces of the answer
What we know CHANGES
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Scientific Inquiry
Way for scientists to answer all those
questions about the world
Way to investigate an observable event
and getting new knowledge, as well as
for correcting and integrating previousknowledge
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Scientific Method
Make an Observation
Ask a QuestionConstruct a Hypothesis
Test the HypothesisAnalyze the Data
Draw a Conclusion
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Make anObservation
Ask aQuestion
Construct aHypothesis
Test theHypothesis
Analyze theData
Draw aConclusion
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Observations
Information you gather using one of
your five senses
Factual information that describes
an object
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Observations
The plant is green.
The piece of metal is orange.It is raining outside.
The car alarm is beeping.
The wall has cracks in it.
The room feels humid.
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What do you observe in the
classroom?In your notebook (left side), make 5
observations about the classroom
Remember, observations use one of the five
senses:
Sight Taste
Hearing
Smell
Touch
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Inference
A conclusion drawn using observations
and reasoning
NOT a fact you can detect using one of
the five senses
An explanation
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Inferences
The table looks like it is made of wood.
The piece of metal is red, so it must be hot.
The plant is green, so it must be healthy.
The room is dark, so the light bulb must not
be on.
Andrea is studying, so she probably does wellin school.
The street is wet, so it must have rained.
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Influences
Several things can influence our
observations and our inferences
Experience
Knowledge
EmotionAttention to detail.
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Example
I observethat I see a swimming pool
I observethat my dog feels wet
I inferthat my dog jumped in the water
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Example
I observethat Nick is yawning
I observe that Nick has his head on his
desk
I inferthat Nick did not get enough
sleep last night
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OBSERVATIONS
That plant is extremelywilted.
The car stopped running
INFERENCES
That plant is extremelywilted due to a lack of
water.
The car stopped runningbecause it was out of
gas.
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Observation or Inference?
The child has a blue block
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Observation or Inference?
The child playing with the car is
smiling.
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Observation or Inference?
The child is happy because she is
playing with a car.
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Observation or Inference?
The grass is wet, so it must
have rained last night.
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What do you observe?
In your notebook (left page), write 3
observations
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What do you infer?
In your notebook (left page), write 3
inferences based on your observations
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Draw an inference.
You hear a yell. You hear a crash.
You walk into the next room and
see a baseball on the floor next to abroken lamp.
What do you infer (left
page)?
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Go back to the 5 observations you
made in your catalyst
Were your observations purelyobservations?
Did you have any that were actually
inferences? How do you know?
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Hypothesis
a proposed explanation or interpretation that
can be tested by further investigation.
THIS IS AN EDUCATED GUESS OFWHAT YOU THINK THE OUTCOME WILL
BE!
IT IS A EXPLANATION TO YOUR
PROBLEM/QUESTION!
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Hypothesis
If the water is stirred, then the tablet will
dissolve faster.
If I add nitrogen to the soil, the plant willgrow faster.
If you drop a ball, it will fall toward the
ground.
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Hypothesis
On the left side, write a hypothesis for
the following problem:
Question: Does a persons gender
determine how fast they learn?
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Activity
With your pencil partner, work on
the Inferences, Observations, and
Hypotheses worksheet.
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Summary
Take 3 minutes to
work on your
summary