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NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS
Unit 4
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1. NAMING IONIC COMPOUNDS
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• Ionic Compound: • Composed of ions• Cations & Anions• Metals & Nonmetals
Cations: • + charge• Metals• + Polyatomic Ions
Anions: • - charge• Nonmetals• - Polyatomic Ions
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1. Name the cation (always 1st)
2. Name the anion – add “ide” ending (always 2nd)
If anion is polyatomic, just use name (no ending)
* This is for cations with a single charge (oxidation state)
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• For cations with more than one oxidation state• Name the cation • Add roman numeral to indicate charge of the cation
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2. WRITING THE FORMULAS FOR IONIC COMPOUNDS
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1. Write the cation symbol
2. Write the anion symbol (or polyatomic formula)
3. Balance + and – charges so they add to zero
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3. NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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• Molecular Compounds• Nonmetals only• Use greek prefixes to tell # of atoms
1 – mono2 – di3 – tri4 – tetra5 – penta6 – hexa7 – hepta8 – octa9 – nona10 - deca
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4. ACIDS
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• Recognizing an acid• Molecular compound beginning with “H” (or H2 or H3)
• May contain polyatomic ions
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Binary Acids
1. Start name with “hydro”
2. Use anion name adding “ic” ending
3. End with “acid”
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Oxyacids
1. Use polyatomic ion name
1. Add “ic” in place of “ate”
2. Add “ous” in place of “ite”
2. End with “acid”
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Writing Acid Formulas
1. Write the symbol for hydrogen 1st
2. Write the symbol for nonmetal or polyatomic anion
3. Balance + and – charges so they add to zero • (H will have a charge of +1)
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5. DIATOMIC MOLECULES
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• 2 of the same atom bonded together• Some elements naturally exist as diatomic
H, N, O, F, Cl, Br, I
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6. HYDRATES
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• Ionic salt with molecules of water attached
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Naming Hydrates
1. Name the ionic compound
2. Use a greek prefix for number of water molecules
3. End with “hydrate”
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Writing the Formulas for Hydrates
1. Write the formula for the ionic compound
2. Indicate the number of water molecules with big number in front of H2O
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7. COMPOUNDS WITH COMMON NAMES
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1. H2O
2. NaHCO3
3. H2O2
4. NH3
5. CH4
6. HCH3COO (HC2H3O2)